Financing for the Realization of the Rights to Water and Sanitation 2011, para. 62

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Paragraph text: Fragmentation often occurs horizontally between institutions when sectoral aid is managed by a variety of government ministries; for instance, one regulatory agency may be in charge of managing tariffs, while another monitors water quality. In such cases, fragmentation is not always particularly inefficient, nor does it pose a serious threat to resource tracking. It becomes a problem, however, when multiple institutions are charged with similar responsibilities, or when one institution is responsible for articulating policy while another controls the purse strings. Horizontal fragmentation also plagues donors at the international level. When negotiating aid packages, for instance, individual donors often seek out personalized, extrabudgetary arrangements with Governments. These agreements may undermine a State's ability to account for all available resources when developing strategies for the sector. The Special Rapporteur has expressed concern about the problems caused by horizontal fragmentation in the reports on her missions to Costa Rica and Egypt (A/HRC/12/24/Add.1 and Corr.1, para. 61, and A/HRC/15/31/Add.3 and Corr.1, para. 13) but discussions with many experts indicate that they are systemic in the water and sanitation sectors around the world.

Body: Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation

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