A/HRC/RES/55/16 should contribute in a meaningful way to promoting tolerance and the elimination of discrimination based on religion or belief, 1. Stresses that everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion or belief, which includes the freedom to have or not to have, or to adopt, a religion or belief of one’s choice, and the freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest one’s religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance, including the right to change one’s religion or belief; 2. Emphasizes that freedom of religion or belief and freedom of expression are interdependent, interrelated and mutually reinforcing, and stresses the role that these rights can play in the fight against all forms of intolerance and discrimination based on religion or belief; 3. Expresses deep concern at emerging obstacles to the enjoyment of the right to freedom of religion or belief, and at instances of religious intolerance, discrimination and violence, inter alia: (a) The increasing number of acts of violence directed against individuals, including persons belonging to religious minorities in various parts of the world; (b) The rise of religious extremism in various parts of the world affecting the rights of individuals, including persons belonging to religious minorities; (c) Incidents of religious hatred, discrimination, intolerance and violence, which may be manifested by derogatory stereotyping, negative profiling and the stigmatization of individuals on the basis of their religion or belief; (d) Instances that, both in law and in practice, constitute violations of the fundamental right to freedom of religion or belief, including of the individual’s right to publicly express one’s spiritual and religious beliefs, taking into account the relevant articles of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and other international instruments; (e) Constitutional and legislative systems that fail to provide adequate and effective guarantees of freedom of thought, conscience, religion and belief to all, without distinction; (f) Attacks on religious places, sites and shrines and vandalism of cemeteries, in violation of international law, in particular international human rights law and international humanitarian law; 4. Condemns all forms of violence, intolerance and discrimination based on or in the name of religion or belief, and violations of freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief, and any advocacy of religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence, whether it involves the use of print, audiovisual or electronic media or any other means; 5. Also condemns violence and acts of terrorism, which are increasing in number and targeting individuals, including persons belonging to religious minorities across the world; 6. Emphasizes that no religion should be equated with terrorism, as this may have adverse consequences for the enjoyment of the right to freedom of religion or belief of all members of the religious community concerned; 7. Also emphasizes that States should exercise due diligence to prevent, investigate and punish acts of violence against persons belonging to religious minorities, regardless of the perpetrator, and that failure to do so may constitute a human rights violation; 8. Strongly encourages government representatives and leaders in all sectors of society and respective communities to speak out against acts of intolerance and violence based on religion or belief; 9. Urges States to step up their efforts to promote and protect freedom of thought, conscience and religion or belief, and to this end: 2

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