The annual loss to Africa from transfer mispricing has been estimated at $38 billion, higher than the flow of development assistance to the region over the same period. The problem is exacerbated by a lack of accessible information on "beneficial ownership" (the ultimate owner of companies, trusts and funds) and the fact that companies are not required to report systematically their income and activities on a country-by-country basis.
Legal status
Non-negotiated soft law
Body
Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights