A UNITED NATIONS General Assembly Distr. GENERAL A/RES/51/39 7 January 1997 Fifty-first session Agenda item 63 RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY [on the report of the First Committee (A/51/566/Add.3)] 51/39. The role of science and technology in the context of international security and disarmament The General Assembly, Recognizing that scientific and technological developments can have both civilian and military applications and that progress in science and technology for civilian applications needs to be maintained and encouraged, Concerned that military applications of scientific and technological developments can contribute significantly to the improvement and upgrading of weapons of mass destruction, Aware of the need to follow closely the scientific and technological developments that may have a negative impact on international security and disarmament, and to channel scientific and technological developments for beneficial purposes, Cognizant that the international transfers of dual-use as well as hightechnology products, services and know-how for peaceful purposes are important for the economic and social development of States, Expressing concern over the growing proliferation of ad hoc and exclusive export control regimes and arrangements for dual-use goods and technologies, Recalling that the Final Document of the Eleventh Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at Cartagena de Indias, 97-76015 /...