A/HRC/RES/31/9 insecurity per se might result in discrimination, criminalization and further exclusion, particularly social and economic exclusion, Reaffirming that everyone is entitled to the right to adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living without discrimination of any kind as to race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status, Recognizing that homelessness is caused by the interplay of individual circumstances and broader systemic factors, and that fulfilling the right to adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living requires developing and implementing long-term and human rights-based multisectoral policies and strategies that are gender-responsive and simultaneously address discrimination, marginalization, social exclusion and housing deprivation, Recognizing also that security of tenure enhances the enjoyment of the right to adequate housing and is significant to the enjoyment of many other economic, social, cultural, civil and political rights, and that all persons should possess a degree of security of tenure that guarantees legal protection against forced eviction, harassment and other threats, Recognizing further the need to promote, protect and strengthen a variety of tenure forms, in particular by mainstreaming human rights into national urbanization policies and rural development and planning, including in housing and slum upgrading, land management and land administration policies, and to ensure social integration, with the full participation of all relevant stakeholders, 1. Welcomes the work of the Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, and on the right to nondiscrimination in this context, including the undertaking of country missions; 2. Acknowledges with appreciation in particular the report on homelessness of the Special Rapporteur;7 3. Calls upon States to implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, including target 11.1, which outlines the objective of ensuring access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrading slums, and in this context urges States to adopt, in consultation with relevant stakeholders, inclusive and cross-sectoral strategies that respect, protect and fulfil the human rights of all, and to ensure that these strategies outline clear responsibilities at all levels of government, contain measurable goals, targets and timelines, and include appropriate mechanisms for monitoring and review, with particular emphasis on the needs of persons who are marginalized and most vulnerable; 4. Also calls upon States to give due consideration to integrating the human right to adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living in the negotiation process and the implementation of the outcome document of the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III) and the New Urban Agenda; 5. Further calls upon States to take all measures necessary to eliminate legislation that criminalizes homelessness and to ensure an effective remedy and the right to access to justice for all for violations in the context of the realization of the right to adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, including measures necessary to ensure that women and persons at risk have equal access to justice; 7 A/HRC/31/54. 3