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SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- [Vulnerabilities and risks faced by children who are internally displaced during armed conflict – addressing their rights]: On several of her missions in recent years, the Special Representative has witnessed the deeply distressing and precarious conditions of IDPs, the vast majority of whom are children and women. For instance, in November 2009, the Special Representative visited Sudan where she met with communities who were internally displaced. Many children have been displaced for years, with some of them having been born during displacement, while others were newly displaced in 2009 because of continuing armed violence. In these camps, the concerns include tensions caused by the presence of armed groups and the increase in incidents of gender-based violence. Due to lack of security, livelihoods and basic services, few internally displaced families manage to return to their place of origin. Further, during her last visit to Uganda in May – June 2010, the Special Representative spoke with victims of armed conflict and displacement in Gulu, northern Uganda, where many women and children were forced to flee in search of safety and livelihoods. Upon return to their villages, they faced multiple challenges, such as the absence of clean water, health care and education. Schools struggled with a lack of teachers, classrooms and teaching materials. Another major concern was the protection of children and young women against sexual and gender-based violence, caused by a frequent lack of rule of law in IDP return areas.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 99
- Paragraph text
- Poverty and violence also shape the life of the majority of children affected by HIV and AIDS. The pandemic has stripped away traditional social support networks and is associated with a higher risk of social exclusion, stigma and discrimination, school dropout and limited access to information and treatment, while paving the way to enhanced risks of violence. In turn, rape, intimate partner violence and sexual abuse, as well as harmful practices including child and forced marriage, increase the risk of exposure to HIV infection.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 14a
- Paragraph text
- [At the consultation, in which governmental experts and representatives of United Nations agencies, international and regional organizations, human rights bodies, academia and civil society participated, a set of practical recommendations to assist States and other actors in the development of a violence-free justice system for children was drawn up. Those recommendations, included in a joint report to the Human Rights Council (A/HRC/21/25), address the following issues:] Preventing the criminalization and penalization of children. The prevention and reduction of situations leading to the deprivation of children's liberty is a critical strategy for decreasing the risk of violence in the criminal justice system. States should pursue this goal by: (i) decriminalizing "status offences", such as begging, vagrancy, truancy and loitering; (ii) preventing the detention of unaccompanied migrant children and asylum seekers on the basis of their status; (iii) ensuring that children with mental health and substance abuse problems are appropriately cared for, rather than dealt with by the criminal justice system; (iv) ensuring universal birth registration, raising the age of criminal responsibility to at least 12 years and continuing to raise it further, and ensuring non-custodial options for children below that age; and (v) supporting the prevention of criminalization and penalization through a robust and well-resourced child protection system, with effective coordination between the justice, social welfare and education sectors.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- Cross-regional cooperation prepares the ground for cross-fertilization of national and regional experiences and sharing of good practices and lessons learned. It also provides a foundation for building a culture of respect for children's rights and their protection from violence and strengthening cooperation with key stakeholders and allies. One tangible outcome of this process has been the development of an information hub to support knowledge-sharing and facilitate access to information on the process of follow-up to the Study.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 36d
- Paragraph text
- [To address these concerns, in 2012 the Special Representative organized an expert consultation and issued a joint report (A/HRC/21/25) with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and OHCHR, and highlighted the urgency of:]Ensuring qualified and trained personnel through a sound system of selection, recruitment and retention of competent professionals, and continued education and capacity-building on children's rights and juvenile justice standards to prevent and address violence against children; and
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 97
- Paragraph text
- Children growing up in poverty are less likely to access basic social services of quality or benefit from effective preventive initiatives or protection mechanisms. This is a particularly acute problem for children living or working on the street, who often struggle to survive in unhealthy and violent public spaces where crime is rampant and protection hardly available and who are at risk of enduring ill-treatment by the authorities or being criminalized for survival behaviours, including truancy and begging.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- Legislative review is a high priority for the Special Representative on her field missions. The visit to Maldives in June 2013 provided a strategic occasion to advocate for the swift completion of legislative reforms under way so as to bring national legislation in conformity with international child rights treaties, especially in the area of juvenile justice, and for the introduction of a comprehensive legal prohibition of violence as a form of sentencing, as well as violence within the home, and in care and justice institutions.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- Poverty and violence also shape the life of the majority of children affected by HIV and AIDS. The pandemic has stripped away traditional social support networks and is associated with a higher risk of social exclusion, stigma and discrimination, school dropout and limited access to information and treatment, while paving the way to enhanced risks of violence. In turn, rape, intimate partner violence and sexual abuse, as well as harmful practices, including child and forced marriage, increase the risk of exposure to HIV infection.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Coordination remains a challenge, with only two thirds of respondents acknowledging the existence of a lead coordinating governmental institution to oversee action relating to violence against children. In a number of cases, multiple coordinating bodies have been established, but the collaboration between them is uneven and not always effective. Overall, enhanced efforts are required to secure an institutionalized process of coordination across central departments and between national and decentralized authorities.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Public fear of gang violence and youth crime has generated social pressure for the criminalization of children and adolescents, lower minimum ages of criminal responsibility and longer sentences of imprisonment. This has been accompanied by media stigmatization of children from disadvantaged groups and a culture of tolerance of violence against them. In this process, poor rule of law and weak law enforcement performance, together with public fear of retaliation, lead to sporadic convictions and a deep sense of impunity.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Adolescents
- Children
- Youth
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- These important provisions have been further complemented by significant international standards on human rights in the administration of justice. Moreover, the Economic and Social Council adopted basic principles on the use of restorative justice, encouraging the development of mediation, conciliation, conferencing and sentencing circles as effective alternatives to formal criminal justice mechanisms. Through its general comments, the Committee on the Rights of the Child has also promoted restorative justice programmes.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Children
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- Variations of the model have been implemented in many countries. In Thailand, for example, family and community group conferencing is an alternative non-prosecution measure for child offenders who have committed crimes warranting a sentence of five years of prison or less; it has helped to significantly decrease recidivism. In this process, the court has an oversight function and may intervene if it considers that the conference and the agreement have not been conducted lawfully and in respect of the rights of the child.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 99
- Paragraph text
- The rapid development and expansion of ICTs have generated new opportunities for the realization of children's rights as well as significant challenges for the protection of children from violence. Cyberbullying is one such challenge. Available information about this phenomenon, its impact on children and on measures to prevent and address it remains limited. Nonetheless, research and experience in different regions suggest a number of key areas in which action is needed to ensure children's safety and protection.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Guided by the same concern of advancing national implementation of the Regional Plan of Action and global progress in implementing the 2030 Agenda, the Special Representative met with the East Asia and Pacific Regional Working Group on Child Protection, composed of United Nations entities and civil society organizations, and with senior officials of the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security of Thailand on enhancing knowledge on the protection of children's rights, including freedom from violence.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- Held in closed institutions, psychiatric centres or adult prisons or awaiting trial for long periods of time, these children often lack genuine opportunities to gain access to justice and to challenge the legality of their detention or to benefit from education and vocational training and long-lasting social reintegration. While deprived of liberty, children are at heightened risk of violence, including harassment, sexual abuse and torture. They may also be subjected to violence as a form of discipline, punishment or sentencing.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2011, para. 111
- Paragraph text
- In order to maximize the involvement of children in discussions and action on violence, the Special Representative is engaging additional experts on child participation and will further develop the child-friendly space on her website.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2011
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- [Vulnerabilities and risks faced by children who are internally displaced during armed conflict – addressing their rights]: States and all parties to conflict have obligations under international humanitarian and international human rights law to protect internally displaced children in all phases of displacement. The most fundamental of their rights is the right to life, dignity and physical, mental and moral integrity. Displacement almost inevitably entails severe threats to the right to life. Therefore, the physical safety of the affected population, particularly women and children, in zones of armed conflict should be the highest priority. Protected safe spaces for displaced children should be guaranteed - both for those seeking to escape imminent harm, as well as for those who have reached a place of safety such as an IDP camp but who continue to face security threats, or are at risk of further displacement. Children should also have access to the fullest extent and with the least possible delay to the humanitarian assistance they require, including food, potable water, shelter, health care and psychosocial services.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- The international community is urged to continue to mobilize its energies towards: advocating unequivocally for 18 as the minimum age for recruitment and participation in hostilities; exerting international pressure on parties that continue to recruit and use children; monitoring and compelling adherence by parties to conflict to commitments made to protect children, and holding them accountable for failure to comply with international standards; addressing the political, social and economic factors that facilitate the recruitment and use of children; and responding to the rehabilitation and reintegration needs of former child soldiers.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 6a
- Paragraph text
- [In this regard, the development of standard operating procedures by armed forces is critical in order to put in place additional protection measures for children during military operations. Regional and United Nations peacekeeping missions should also prioritize such measures and procedures in the context of peacekeeping engagements or where international forces are supporting national forces in joint operations. These standard operating procedures may vary from one context to another, but a minimum set of measures should include:] Joint military-civilian assessment of the security risk for populations, and especially children, prior to any military action;
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 6d
- Paragraph text
- [In this regard, the development of standard operating procedures by armed forces is critical in order to put in place additional protection measures for children during military operations. Regional and United Nations peacekeeping missions should also prioritize such measures and procedures in the context of peacekeeping engagements or where international forces are supporting national forces in joint operations. These standard operating procedures may vary from one context to another, but a minimum set of measures should include:] Refraining from occupying or using schools and health facilities, or their vicinity, for purposes that could turn them into military targets;
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- Sexual violence is often used to achieve military, political and social objectives through, for instance, the targeting of specific ethnicities or terrorizing populations to force displacement. Data indicate that children are particularly vulnerable to sexual violence in and around refugee and internally displaced population settings, and when they are directly associated with armed forces and groups. Child survivors of sexual violence suffer both physical and psychological consequences, which are often debilitating. This is particularly true for girls who have been raped or forced to "marry" combatants, as well as for their children born of rape.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- A number of regional legal instruments also affirm the rights of internally displaced children, most notably the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (the Kampala Convention), which was adopted in October 2009. It includes specific provisions reaffirming the right of internally displaced persons to personal documentation, education, protection against recruitment and use in hostilities, kidnapping, abduction, sexual slavery and trafficking, and protection that addresses the special needs of separated and unaccompanied minors, as well as of mothers with young children. The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child emphasizes the responsibility of States to ensure that internally displaced children receive appropriate protection and humanitarian assistance and pays special attention to the importance of reuniting families separated by displacement. Furthermore, the Council of Europe has adopted a number of recommendations concerning internal displacement, including the right of internally displaced children to education.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- The 1996 Graça Machel study on the impact of armed conflict on children (A/51/306 and Add.1) and the 2007 10-year review of that study (see A/62/228) noted that the changing nature of conflict put children at a higher risk than ever before. Children have become more vulnerable to new tactics of war, including the blurring of lines between military and civilian targets, constriction of humanitarian space and access to affected populations, deliberate targeting of traditional safe havens and critical infrastructures such as educational institutions and medical facilities, and the rise of terrorism as well as counter-terrorism measures. Studies have also shown that armed conflicts hamper the achievement of the eight Millennium Development Goals, six of which promote the rights and well-being of children. Conflicts create an environment in which grave violations are committed against children and, by interrupting or slowing development, children are denied opportunities for a better future. Therefore, the changing nature of conflict and the impact on children continues to be an overarching framework of analysis for the agenda on children and armed conflict.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- Protecting vulnerable populations, and especially children, should be paramount during military operations. New tactics of war, the absence of clear battlefields and increasingly numerous and diverse parties to conflict in terms of their composition, motivations and character have complicated matters. Moreover, the rise of terrorism where civilians are the main victims directly challenges the distinction between military and civilian targets, one of the fundamental principles of international humanitarian law. Counter-terrorism and counter-insurgency also blur the line between what is legitimate and what is not in addressing security threats. Raids against predominately civilian targets, including night raids, and the use of aerial bombardment in civilian-populated areas, make children more vulnerable to being killed or maimed and often serve to fuel resentment and conflict.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2011, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Member States should ensure the participation of children in justice processes, whenever grave child rights violations are committed during armed conflict. Children who participate in justice processes should be protected and their best interests should be the main concern at all times. The appropriate justice mechanism, whether judicial or non-judicial, should be sought. In addition, a child who commits international crimes while associated with armed forces or armed groups should be regarded primarily as a victim, not as a perpetrator. In the event that a child is held accountable, the appropriate form of accountability should be sought. Any decision made should take into account the best interest of the child and his or her reintegration into society.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2011
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- In the previous report of the Special Representative to the General Assembly, concerns related to internally displaced children were highlighted and the report included an annex specifying the rights and guarantees for this vulnerable group (A/64/254, annex I). The Assembly acknowledged the guarantees in its resolution 64/162 on the protection of and assistance to internally displaced persons. These rights and guarantees include the principle of non-discrimination, the right to documentation, protection from violence and abuse, the right to essential services, and the requirement that when dealing with internally displaced children the best interest of the child must prevail.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2011, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- The Special Representative reiterates her call for the development of directives and standard operating procedures to ensure that military operations are conducted in conformity with applicable international humanitarian law and safeguard the protection of civilians, including children. During the reporting period, standard operating procedures have been developed by the Ugandan army, with the support of the Office of the Special Representative, to ensure the protection of children captured by, or in the custody of, the armed forces during operations against the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA). The Special Representative reiterates her call to all relevant military actors, including armed forces, multinational forces and peacekeeping operations, to implement as a matter of priority the minimum set of measures highlighted in the annex to the present report.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2011
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2011, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- [Accountability of children involved in armed conflict]: Traditional justice, aimed at the reintegration of child soldiers, can make a significant contribution to healing, recovery and reintegration. It may employ an array of measures, such as punishment, reparation, truth-telling, involving confession and absolution, and healing or cleansing ceremonies. Traditional justice can be most helpful in assisting reintegration where it focuses on re-establishing the child as a member of the community rather than relying upon punishment or public shaming. Restorative justice is very often the only way of bringing reconciliation to victims and perpetrators alike in a war-torn society where victims of offences suffer, as do child perpetrators, having been forced to commit offences.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2011
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- One of the key challenges is to overturn the inclination, including of many mediators, that broader political considerations and dynamics may be adversely affected or compromised by child protection issues surfacing at negotiating tables. There is often a reticence to consider the protection of children as a "high line" priority on an equal footing with considerations of achieving or maintaining ceasefires, for instance. Yet, such issues as the immediate cessation of grave violations against children and the unconditional release of all children associated with fighting forces should be seen as fundamental to any ceasefire agreement. Continued violations such as child recruitment, or unwillingness to identify and release children already in fighting forces, must be formally stipulated as violations of ceasefire agreements by parties to a conflict.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2011, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- Since the 1996 Machel study, the international community has made significant progress in strengthening the legal framework for the protection of children in armed conflict and in bringing perpetrators to justice. Violations against children have been addressed by the International Criminal Court, the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda and the Special Court for Sierra Leone. These international and hybrid courts, along with mixed chambers such as those established in Bosnia and Herzegovina, have been critical in complementing national justice mechanisms in addressing crimes against children.
- Status juridique
- Non-negotiated soft law
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2011
Paragraphe