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Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Other regional human rights instruments offer opportunities for advocacy against violence and discrimination. For instance, it is stated in the Arab Charter on Human Rights, of 2004, in its article 3, that: Each State party to the present Charter undertakes to ensure to all individuals subject to its jurisdiction the right to enjoy the rights and freedoms set forth herein, without distinction on grounds of race, colour, sex, language, religious belief, opinion, thought, national or social origin, wealth, birth or physical or mental disability.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- It should be recalled that everyone has some form of sexual orientation and gender identity. Sexual orientation denotes a person’s physical, romantic and/or emotional attraction towards others, while gender identity concerns a person’s self-perceived identity, which may be different from the sex assigned at birth, as well as the expression of gender identity. The two notions should not be conflated. However, it is unconscionable that persons with an actual or perceived sexual orientation and/or gender identity different from a particular social norm are targeted for violence and discrimination in many parts of the world. Killings, rape, mutilation, torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment as well as arbitrary detention, abduction, harassment, physical and mental assaults such as lashings and forced surgical interventions, bullying from a young age, pressures leading to suicide, and discriminatory action, aggravated by incitement to hatred, in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity are pervasive in numerous settings.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 59c
- Paragraph text
- There is a need to build checks and balances, especially at the national level, to prevent abuse of power and to ensure compliance with human rights. States should explore collaboration not only with the executive branch of Government, but also with parliamentarians, the judiciary and other actors who may assist in weighing the various actions at the national level to ensure respect for international human rights standards;
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- All countries have engaged with the Human Rights Council’s universal periodic review and most have engaged with one or more of the special procedures. There has been much coverage of the issue of sexual orientation and gender identity under these mechanisms, particularly from the angle of anti-violence and anti-discrimination, such as in the work of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- Conversely, an inclusive society enables people to enjoy protection from violence and discrimination, and leaders in the social, cultural, political and other fields can have an important role in communicating, motivating and fostering that inclusiveness. Religions and other belief systems, in their sense of humanity, can be a great platform for promoting understanding and empathy — in terms of nurturing care, compassion, tolerance and respect for diversity. Yet, the situation locally often leaves much to be desired where there are approaches to and/or interpretations of doctrines or beliefs which are inconsistent with human rights; this results in sociocultural exclusion which is then channelled into situations of violence and discrimination. It should not be forgotten that exclusion, steeped in violence and discrimination, also has a social and economic cost, both for the victim and for society as a whole. This is obviously the case where such exclusion pushes people underground, for example in relation to HIV/AIDS — making disease control difficult and with ensuing health implications and economic/financial consequences for society.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- Full enjoyment of human rights by such persons is a longitudinal challenge, starting in the home and extending to the educational system, the work place and life beyond. Discrimination is also intersectional. Many countries are, however, still hampered by the lack of or insufficiency of anti-discrimination measures, which is linked with the environment leading to violence and discrimination. There is thus a need for effective anti-discrimination measures covering both the public and private spheres, and of a comprehensive kind: not only formal but substantive, not only de jure but also de facto, in addition to the building of a community open to understanding and respecting sexual and gender diversity.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 53r
- Paragraph text
- The submission from the human rights Ombudsman of Guatemala called for more explicit integration of sexual orientation and gender identity into the legal framework as well as measures to counter the violence in the country. The extensive violence is much highlighted by non-governmental organization sources. Lack of knowledge of the law and difficult access to justice may also hamper implementation of a State’s anti-discrimination law.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- The Independent Expert looks forward to interlinking consistently with a broad range of stakeholders at the national, regional and international levels, and to embracing diversity and energizing humanity, grounded in the commitment to multilateralism and international law, with the traction for catalytic cooperation and positive change.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 66j
- Paragraph text
- The Independent Expert is firmly committed to building bridges, that are anchored on the mandate, with a broad range of actors and stakeholders (governmental, intergovernmental and non-governmental), and looks forward to constructive dialogue and cooperation, with more country visits — premised on international human rights law, reflective of local wisdom and resonant with the universal message of “diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity”.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 59h
- Paragraph text
- Adoption of effective anti-discrimination measures by States is critically needed; these measures vary from laws to policies and other action in a comprehensive and human rights-responsive setting. They are tested by access to justice and accessible means of redress, as well as a preventive strategy based on mobilizing the community to understand sexual orientation and gender identity and the call for inclusivity to accord protection to all persons without violence and discrimination;
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- Complementing the measures outlined above, resolution 275 of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, on protection against violence and other human rights violations against persons on the basis of their real or imputed sexual orientation or gender identity, of 2014, resonates with the following message for the African region and beyond: Strongly urges States to end all acts of violence and abuse, whether committed by State or non-State actors, including by enacting and effectively applying appropriate laws prohibiting and punishing all forms of violence including those targeting persons on the basis of their imputed or real sexual orientation or gender identities, ensuring proper investigation and diligent prosecution of perpetrators, and establishing judicial procedures responsive to the needs of victims.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Gender
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Action against violence and discrimination has been espoused more recently in the 17 globally agreed Sustainable Development Goals, to which all countries are committed, with a framework of 2015-2030 for operationalization. Goal 16, which covers inclusive societies and access to justice, aims to bring about substantial reductions of violence and to promote anti-discrimination measures, on the basis of leaving no one behind. An all-inclusive approach invites effective coverage of all persons whatever their sexual orientation or gender identity.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- An array of international human rights instruments help to entrench calls for non-violence and the principle of non-discrimination in international law, with due respect for sexual orientation and gender identity. The genesis of human rights protection after the Second World War was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, of 1948. There are now nine core international human rights treaties, complemented by various protocols. All of them interrelate with the issue of sexual orientation and gender identity, to a lesser or greater extent. For instance, the right to be free from discrimination is propounded in article 2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in all human rights treaties. Article 2 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights stipulates: Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to respect and to ensure to all individuals within its territory and subject to its jurisdiction the rights recognized in the present Covenant, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- There is thus a need to move towards decriminalization in respect of these laws, which regrettably help to fuel the violence and discrimination.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- Parallel to this, the role of community leaders, including in the political, cultural and religious fields, needs to be tapped more strongly. Also, the business sector has the potential to integrate sexual orientation and gender identity into the workplace and in the commercial/financial/investment/developmental field. These are also avenues for promoting the generation of more disaggregated data, linked with various indicators, to provide incentives for exemplary performance, consonant with human rights. On a related front, the Sustainable Development Goals framework provides more opportunities for various kinds of cooperation and support — particularly under Goal 17, which opens up space for more multilateral, regional and bilateral cooperation. There is the welcome vista of more South-South cooperation, as well as triangular cooperation — such as activities between States, civil society and the business sector; neither should the power of various forms of media and their reach be forgotten.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- Even though human rights are inherent to everyone and involve protection for all persons without exception, persons with an actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity diverging from a particular societal concept of sexual orientation and gender identity are at times targeted for violence and discrimination, and violations are pervasive in numerous settings.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- Participants in a meeting of national human rights institutions from the African region in 2017 expressed such a welcome perspective, noting that, in Africa, religion was inevitable. There was no process of inclusion and evolution of any type that could happen without faith leaders being one major actor. National human rights institutions could engage with already existing inclusive faith leaders and faith-based organizations that were advocating the rights of all. The positive voices provided opportunities to build on.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 66e
- Paragraph text
- The Sustainable Development Goals offer an opportunity to tackle violence and discrimination, also in regard to sexual orientation and gender identity, and this opportunity should be taken full advantage of in order to ensure that no one is left behind, without exception or distinction. This avenue can allow Governments and other actors to generate data and information in a disaggregated manner so as to facilitate future planning and allocation of resources.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 66g
- Paragraph text
- More cooperation with independent and pluralistic national human rights institutions, such as national human rights commissions and ombudspersons, should be undertaken to provide a link between international norms and national settings. These institutions should be supported, as part of the checks and balances to prevent and overcome abuses of power and human rights violations and also to promote access to justice and remedies. They should be paralleled by strong regional systems and initiatives to help advance protection against violence and discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- The establishment of the mandate to promote action against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity is anchored in international human rights law, and it is a momentous commitment to multilateralism. It is an invitation to be forward looking and an incentive to move forward together. The present report is thus a clarion call to embrace diversity, complemented by the belief that respect for human rights energizes human society, yielding a positive dividend in terms of peace, sustainable development and societal inclusiveness. It also contributes to economic benefits, while reinforcing a sense of common humanity transcending borders and cultures.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 59b
- Paragraph text
- The Sustainable Development Goals offer an opportunity to tackle violence and discrimination, also in regard to sexual orientation and gender identity, and that opportunity should be maximized to ensure that no one is left behind without exception or distinction. They are also an avenue for Governments and other actors to generate data and information in a disaggregated manner so as to facilitate future planning and allocation of resources;
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- The present report is the first report of the Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, and its theme is “diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity”. The phenomenon of violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity is both local and global, requiring strong national and international countermeasures to promote respect for sexual and gender diversity under the umbrella of international human rights law. In recognizing that everyone has some form of sexual orientation and gender identity, there is the regrettable reality that some groups and persons are affected by violence and discrimination, precisely because they are viewed as having a sexual orientation and gender identity that is different from a particular societal norm. This is enmeshed in the political, social, cultural and economic setting of each country, which invites a context-specific analysis and understanding of each scenario. While human rights are inherent to all persons without distinction, the situation facing those groups and persons may vary; it is not necessarily homogeneous.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- The ASEAN Human Rights Declaration, of 2012, stipulates that: Every person is entitled to the rights and freedoms set forth herein, without distinction of any kind, such as race, gender, age, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, economic status, birth, disability or other status.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- In addition, such fear of contagion can be extended to objects touched by persons with albinism. In the words of a person with albinism, "some people will not touch what I touch. In the bus no one wants to sit next to me. People don't want to shake hands with me, share utensils, touch me or come near". Similarly, another person with albinism reported that people refuse to share a taxi with him. Further, as a result of such beliefs, people are sometimes reluctant to eat any food that has been touched by persons with albinism. This is particularly stigmatizing in a context where persons eat from a common pot. It also raises difficulties for persons with albinism working at markets, as customers may prefer other sellers.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- The Human Development Index, which is a strong indicator of poverty and correlating factors, showed in 2014 that of the 26 countries where attacks have been reported, 20 were listed as countries with a low human development coefficient; the other six affected countries were listed in the medium human development category. That said, it is noteworthy that, overall, the affected countries had a level of income inequality that ranged from relative equality to relative inequality, with a GINI coefficient range of 30.8 to 63.9, the average for all 26 countries being 44.3.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Vision for the mandate 2016, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- Discrimination, stigma and bullying of persons with albinism owing to their appearance have been reported in all regions of the world, to varying degrees. Such discrimination has been described as discrimination based on skin tone or shade, including within the same ethnic group. While discrimination based on skin colour is an everyday reality for most persons with albinism, discourse on discrimination based on colour has rarely been applied to albinism. This is for various reasons such as the lack of visibility of albinism, until very recently, the lack of understanding of what persons with albinism experience and lastly, but perhaps most significantly, strong historical ties of racial discrimination discourse to race or ethnicity. Yet, there is potential to address albinism under the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, as the governing concept is not "race" but "racial discrimination", which may be based on any of five "grounds": race, colour, descent, national origin and ethnic origin.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Vision for the mandate 2016, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- The Independent Expert views the creation of the mandate as a significant expression of the collective will to end attacks against persons with albinism and to find their root causes in order to establish measures to prevent the occurrence of attacks. As stated by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, "There is no room in this 21st century for erroneous and harmful beliefs, or for discrimination on any grounds. People with albinism are just as deserving of dignity as every other human being."
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Witchcraft and the human rights of persons with albinism 2017, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- It is important to reiterate that although witchcraft per se should not be criminalized, any killing of persons for the use of body parts in witchcraft-related practices such as muti or juju should be prosecuted. To do so, it is necessary to ensure that legal provisions criminalize a broad range of attacks and assaults, as well as criminalize the possession and trafficking of body parts. Linking such a criminal action to muti and juju would be challenging, given the difficulty in establishing objective evidentiary standards. Nonetheless, where evidence substantially supports the proposition that muti and juju were the purpose of the criminal activity, States could consider including that factor as an aggravating circumstance leading to a heavier sentence and ultimately deter crime incentivized by witchcraft. Non-legal tools such as public education and sociocultural interventions with stakeholders would also be necessary to complement such legal practice in dissuading muti, juju and all crimes related to witchcraft.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Harmful Practices
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Witchcraft and the human rights of persons with albinism 2017, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- In its global study on the legal status of traditional medicine and complementary/alternative medicine, WHO recognized both mainstream medical care (allopathic medicine) and complementary/alternative medicine, terms that were used interchangeably with "traditional medicine" in some countries. Given the broadness of the term "traditional medicine" and the wide range of practices it encompassed, traditional medicine was difficult to define with a finite list of objective criteria. However, WHO provided a helpful list of what might be included: a diversity of health practices, approaches, knowledge, and beliefs incorporating plant, animal and/or mineral-based medicines; spiritual therapies; manual techniques; and exercises, applied singly or in combination, to maintain well-being, as well as to treat, diagnose or prevent illness.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Witchcraft and the human rights of persons with albinism 2017, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- In the public interest, it is also important that States ensure adequate standards for traditional medicine. There must be minimum requirements for all practitioners, regardless of whether they are affiliated with an organization. The standards must be in line with established human rights norms, without compromising the core principles of availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of goods and services. The obligation on States also extends to ensuring that practitioners do not conduct harmful practices, including the use of body parts of persons with albinism for muti or juju.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe