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The right to access information 2013, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur recalls that, as stated by the Human Rights Committee in its general comment No. 34 (2011), to give effect to the right to freedom of expression, States parties should proactively put in the public domain government information of public interest, and that, in ensuring access to such information, States parties should also enact the necessary procedures, such as by means of freedom of information legislation (CCPR/C/GC/34, para. 19).
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
Best practices that promote and protect the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association 2012, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- Fundamentally, the Special Rapporteur considers as a best practice the presumption in favour of holding peaceful assemblies, as stressed by the OSCE/ODIHR Panel of Experts on Freedom of Peaceful Assembly. Such a presumption should be "clearly and explicitly established in the law", enshrined either in constitutions or in laws governing peaceful assemblies (e.g. as in Armenia and Romania).
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
The rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of natural resource exploitation projects 2015, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur holds the view that as long as such an assembly is peaceful, States have the obligation to facilitate the gathering whether or not authorities agree with the content of the message. Any interference with such peaceful assemblies, including dispersal, should meet the strict tests of necessity and proportionality stipulated in international human rights standards.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2015
Paragraphe
The use of encryption and anonymity to exercise the rights to freedom of opinion and expression in the digital age 2015, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- The human rights legal framework for encryption and anonymity requires, first, evaluating the scope of the rights at issue and their application to encryption and anonymity; and, second, assessing whether, and if so to what extent, restrictions may lawfully be placed on the use of technologies that promote and protect the rights to privacy and freedom of opinion and expression.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2015
Paragraphe
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- In several instances, the Special Rapporteur has voiced her concern at the culture of impunity that prevails in numerous contexts. In order to address impunity, including the implicit norms that undermine necessary actions against offenders, governance systems need to be strengthened. Links between governance systems and development have received increased attention lately, particularly in the context of the formulation of a post-2015 development agenda.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
Impunity as a root cause of the prevalence of torture 2010, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- The scale and scope of impunity found in many countries visited by the Special Rapporteur has been one of his most disappointing findings. During his time as mandate holder, the Special Rapporteur has been witness to the distressing reality that both torture and ill-treatment are widespread practices throughout the world. The existing international legal framework provides a broad range of norms and standards to prohibit, prevent and eradicate torture. Their effective application, however, continues to be a challenge.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
American Convention on Human Rights 1969, para. 1c
- Paragraph text
- 1. When the Commission receives a petition or communication alleging violation of any of the rights protected by this Convention, it shall proceed as follows: c. The Commission may also declare the petition or communication inadmissible or out of order on the basis of information or evidence subsequently received.
- Organe
- Organization of American States
- Type de document
- Regional treaty
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 1969
Paragraphe
European Social Charter (Revised) 1996, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- 1. This Charter shall be open for signature by the member States of the Council of Europe. It shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or approval. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
- Organe
- Council of Europe
- Type de document
- Regional treaty
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 1996
Paragraphe
Implementation of article 14 by States parties 2012, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- The Committee has consistently held that amnesties for the crime of torture are incompatible with the obligations of States parties under the Convention, including under article 14. As was pointed out in general comment No. 2, "amnesties or other impediments which preclude or indicate unwillingness to provide prompt and fair prosecution and punishment of perpetrators of torture or ill-treatment violate the principle of non-derogability." The Committee considers that amnesties for torture and ill-treatment pose impermissible obstacles to a victim in his or her efforts to obtain redress and contribute to a climate of impunity. The Committee therefore calls on States parties to remove any amnesties for torture or ill-treatment.
- Organe
- Committee against Torture
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
Implementation of article 14 by States parties 2012, para. 46l
- Paragraph text
- [On the implementation of article 14, the Committee has observed the need to provide adequate information on the implementation of article 14 in States parties' reports. Therefore, the Committee wishes to underscore that specific information should be provided on the following:] The legal aid and witness protection available to victims of torture or ill-treatment as well as witnesses and others who have intervened on behalf of victims, including how such protection is made known and how it is made available in practice; the number of victims who have been granted legal aid; the number of persons who have been protected by State witness protection; and the State party's evaluation of the effectiveness of such protection.
- Organe
- Committee against Torture
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
Implementation of article 14 by States parties 2012, para. 46h
- Paragraph text
- [On the implementation of article 14, the Committee has observed the need to provide adequate information on the implementation of article 14 in States parties' reports. Therefore, the Committee wishes to underscore that specific information should be provided on the following:] The complaints mechanisms available for victims of torture or ill-treatment, including how such mechanisms are made known and accessible to all victims. States parties should also include data disaggregated by age, gender, nationality, location and alleged violation, on the number of complaints received through such mechanisms.
- Organe
- Committee against Torture
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
Implementation of article 2 by States parties 2008, para. 7
- Paragraph text
- The Committee also understands that the concept of "any territory under its jurisdiction," linked as it is with the principle of non-derogability, includes any territory or facilities and must be applied to protect any person, citizen or non-citizen without discrimination subject to the de jure or de facto control of a State party. The Committee emphasizes that the State's obligation to prevent torture also applies to all persons who act, de jure or de facto, in the name of, in conjunction with, or at the behest of the State party. It is a matter of urgency that each State party should closely monitor its officials and those acting on its behalf and should identify and report to the Committee any incidents of torture or ill-treatment as a consequence of anti-terrorism measures, among others, and the measures taken to investigate, punish, and prevent further torture or ill-treatment in the future, with particular attention to the legal responsibility of both the direct perpetrators and officials in the chain of command, whether by acts of instigation, consent or acquiescence.
- Organe
- Committee against Torture
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2008
Paragraphe
Article 18: The right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion 1993, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- The right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion (which includes the freedom to hold beliefs) in article 18 (1) is far-reaching and profound; it encompasses freedom of thoughts on all matters, personal conviction and the commitment to religion or belief, whether manifested individually or in community with others. The Committee draws the attention of States parties to the fact that the freedom of thought and the freedom of conscience are protected equally with the freedom of religion and belief. The fundamental character of these freedoms is also reflected in the fact that this provision cannot be derogated from, even in time of public emergency, as stated in article 4 (2) of the Covenant.
- Organe
- Human Rights Committee
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 1993
Paragraphe
Article 14: Right to Equality before Courts and Tribunals and to Fair Trial - replaces GC No. 13 2007, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- As a set of procedural guarantees, article 14 of the Covenant often plays an important role in the implementation of the more substantive guarantees of the Covenant that must be taken into account in the context of determining criminal charges and rights and obligations of a person in a suit at law. In procedural terms, the relationship with the right to an effective remedy provided for by article 2, paragraph 3 of the Covenant is relevant. In general, this provision needs to be respected whenever any guarantee of article 14 has been violated. However, as regards the right to have one's conviction and sentence reviewed by a higher tribunal, article 14, paragraph 5 of the Covenant is a lex specialis in relation to article 2, paragraph 3 when invoking the right to access a tribunal at the appeals level.
- Organe
- Human Rights Committee
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2007
Paragraphe
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 55a
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions adopt or amend legislation with a view to effectively addressing and eliminating harmful practices. In doing so, they should ensure:] That the process of drafting legislation is fully inclusive and participatory. For that purpose, they should conduct targeted advocacy and awareness-raising and use social mobilization measures to generate broad public knowledge of and support for the drafting, adoption, dissemination and implementation of the legislation;
- Organe
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
Reporting by States Parties 1989, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- A first objective, which is of particular relevance to the initial report required to be submitted within two years of the Covenant's entry into force for the State party concerned, is to ensure that a comprehensive review is undertaken with respect to national legislation, administrative rules and procedures, and practices in an effort to ensure the fullest possible conformity with the Covenant. Such a review might, for example, be undertaken in conjunction with each of the relevant national ministries or other authorities responsible for policy making and implementation in the different fields covered by the Covenant.
- Organe
- Committee on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 1989
Paragraphe
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of multilateral institutions 2014, para. 87a (ii)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls, therefore, upon multilateral institutions to:] Implement thorough and consistent policies that emphasize the importance of substantive engagement with civil society organizations and recognize that participation at the multilateral level is an inherent component of the right to freedom of association. Such a policy should grant civil society: Access to all meetings, processes and bodies (including through the final stages of decision-making) at all levels;
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
Key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the Internet 2011, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- The most common method of restricting the types of prohibited expression on the Internet is through the blocking of content (see III.A above). In this regard, the Special Rapporteur reiterates the recommendations made in his most recent report to the Human Rights Council that States should provide full details regarding the necessity and justification for blocking a particular website, and determination of what content should be blocked should be undertaken by a competent judicial authority or a body which is independent of any political, commercial, or other unwarranted influences to ensure that blocking is not used as a means of censorship.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2011
Paragraphe
The right to access information 2013, para. 93
- Paragraph text
- Given that the enjoyment of human rights also implies responsibilities, and is based on the principles of universality, equality and interdependence, there is a shared responsibility in denouncing human rights violations whenever they occur. Such responsibility is of greater importance in the case of public officials. Therefore, the disclosure in good faith of relevant information relating to human rights violations should be accorded protection from liability. On the other hand, the silence of State officials on violations that they witness can be interpreted as complicity. Transitions to peace and democracy based on silence over past crimes, atrocities or impunity are not sustainable.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
The right to access information 2013, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- As indicated in a comprehensive comparative study of national experiences promoting access to information, the adoption of national laws should be regarded only as the first step: full implementation requires political will (full endorsement by various relevant authorities of the principles enshrined by the new normative framework), an active civil society (advocating and monitoring the implementation of the norms) and respect for the rule of law. In fact, a number of frequent obstacles can be noted in the review of national practices implementing legal frameworks protecting the right to information.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
Contemporary challenges to freedom of expression 2016, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- Among the permissible grounds for restrictions, States often rely on national security and public order. "National security", undefined in the Covenant, should be limited in application to situations in which the interest of the whole nation is at stake, which would thereby exclude restrictions in the sole interest of a Government, regime or power group, a point emphasized in the Siracusa Principles on the Limitation and Derogation Provisions in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, adopted in 1985 (E/CN.4/1985/4, annex). It also may include protection of a State's political independence and territorial integrity. Similarly, "public order" (ordre public) must be limited to specific situations in which a limitation would be demonstrably warranted.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Freedom of expression, States and the private sector in the digital age 2016, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- Private companies play a major role in the development, production and transfer of software and hardware that Governments may deploy for law enforcement, intelligence and public security purposes. While such tools may have legitimate purposes, they are often deployed by Governments for purposes of censorship and disproportionate surveillance. Future work will explore such issues through the human rights framework and encourage due diligence in identifying the uses of such technologies for purposes that undermine freedom of expression.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Freedom of expression, States and the private sector in the digital age 2016, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- As the present report has shown, many international organizations play a role in information and communication technology governance processes. It is critical that such organizations provide meaningful public access to policies, standards, reports and other information concerning Internet governance created or generated by the organization and/or its membership, including through facilitating access to free online resources and public education initiatives. More generally, the multi-stakeholder process for Internet governance has been an important driver for policies supportive of freedom of expression. With that in mind, international organizations should ensure meaningful civil society participation in policymaking and other standard-setting processes, including through increasing the presence of technical experts sensitive to human rights concerns.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Contemporary challenges to freedom of expression 2016, para. 57d
- Paragraph text
- [Among steps that I would encourage are the following:] Support independent media and civic space. In the face of State repression of reporting, it is critical that States make an extra effort to support independent voices in the media and civil society at large. At a minimum, I encourage States to avoid imposing restrictions on reporting and research that may be seen to criticize the Government and its policies or to share information about sensitive subjects, including terrorism. States should especially avoid imposing obstacles, such as accreditation procedures or penalties through defamation lawsuits or intermediary liability, that undermine independent media. At the same time, those with the means - such as private donors and foundations - should make a special effort to support independent media and to foster strong scrutiny of media conglomerations that squeeze out the less well-financed outlets;
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Ability of associations to access financial resources as a vital part of the right to freedom of association & Ability to hold peaceful assemblies as an integral component of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly 2013, para. 82b
- Paragraph text
- [In relation to freedom of association, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States:] To ensure that associations - registered and unregistered - can seek, receive and use funding and other resources from natural and legal persons, whether domestic, foreign or international, without prior authorization or other undue impediments, including from individuals; associations, foundations or other civil society organizations; foreign Governments and aid agencies; the private sector; the United Nations and other entities;
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is mindful that the State is not the only perpetrator of violations relating to peaceful assembly and association. The actions of non-State actors play a significant role in denying groups most at risk the space to exercise their rights, often through prevailing patriarchal attitudes, stereotypes, assumptions and social constructions that keep those groups at the margins of society. In that respect, the Special Rapporteur also recalls that the obligations of States extend beyond respecting and fulfilling rights, to protecting rights holders from violations and abuses by others.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
Ability of associations to access financial resources as a vital part of the right to freedom of association & Ability to hold peaceful assemblies as an integral component of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly 2013, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- Another inappropriate requirement attached to the notification process is informally or formally imposing on the organizers the expectation to negotiate the time and place of the assembly with the authorities. Such requirement would be tantamount to restricting the planned assembly and would need to pass the strict test of necessity and proportionality, as defined in article 21 of the Covenant, which is applicable to restrictions. The Special Rapporteur also warns against authorities proposing an alternative time and place for an assembly, when processing a notification, as this would also be imposing restrictions on the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and should satisfy the aforementioned test.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 73d
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to:] Refrain from supporting limitations imposed by private parties on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, particularly those that disproportionately affect groups most at risk. A private contractual provision in which a contracting party waives the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association should be considered invalid and unenforceable as an infringement upon a fundamental right.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
The rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of natural resource exploitation projects 2015, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- When the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association are restricted contrary to international human rights law standards, questions automatically arise as to how genuine consultation processes or decisions are and how valid is the expression of free, prior and informed consent of affected parties. While restricting these rights in order to streamline resource exploitation may seem tempting to States and corporations in the short term, it can be costly in the long run and cause irrevocable damage. As the Special Rapporteur has previously noted (see A/HRC/26/29, para. 26), the failure to provide any outlet for excluded groups to air their grievances can be counterproductive and carry severe consequences. He believes that social conflicts experienced in the context of natural resource exploitation are a stark demonstration of the truth of this statement.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Environment
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2015
Paragraphe
The rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of natural resource exploitation projects 2015, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur believes that the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association play a key role in opening up spaces and opportunities for genuine and effective engagement by civil society in decision-making processes across the spectrum of natural resource exploitation activities. These rights help foster increased transparency and accountability in the exploitation of resources and are basic prerequisites for the ultimate goal of securing substantive rights. Peaceful assembly and association rights can facilitate constructive dialogue, which is necessary given the shared interests and sometimes competing priorities that are intrinsic to exploiting natural resources.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Mode d'adoption
- N.A.
- Thèmes
- Civil & Political Rights
- Environment
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2015
Paragraphe