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Joint general comment No. 4 (2017) of the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and No. 23 (2017) of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on State obligations regarding the human rights of c ... 2017, para. 21

Paragraph text
The Committees urge States parties to take all necessary measures to ensure that all children are immediately registered at birth and issued birth certificates, irrespective of their migration status or that of their parents. Legal and practical obstacles to birth registration should be removed, including by prohibiting data sharing between health providers or civil servants responsible for registration with immigration enforcement authorities; and not requiring parents to produce documentation regarding their migration status. Measures should also be taken to facilitate late registration of birth and to avoid financial penalties for late registration. Children who have not been registered should be ensured equal access to health care, protection, education and other social services.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Civil & Political Rights
  • Movement
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Families
  • Infants
  • Persons on the move
Year
2017
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 44

Paragraph text
Exclusive breastfeeding for infants up to 6 months of age should be protected and promoted and breastfeeding should continue alongside appropriate complementary foods preferably until two years of age, where feasible. States' obligations in this area are defined in the "protect, promote and support" framework, adopted unanimously by the World Health Assembly. States are required to introduce into domestic law, implement and enforce internationally agreed standards concerning children's right to health, including the International Code on Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and the relevant subsequent World Health Assembly resolutions, as well as the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Special measures should be taken to promote community and workplace support for mothers in relation to pregnancy and breastfeeding and feasible and affordable childcare services; and compliance with the International Labour Organization Convention No. 183 (2000) concerning the revision of the Maternity Protection Convention (Revised), 1952.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Governance & Rule of Law
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Indigenous children and their rights under the Convention 2009, para. 41

Paragraph text
States parties are obliged to ensure that all children are registered immediately after birth and that they acquire a nationality. Birth registration should be free and universally accessible. The Committee is concerned that indigenous children, to a greater extent than non-indigenous children, remain without birth registration and at a higher risk of being stateless.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Civil & Political Rights
  • Equality & Inclusion
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Ethnic minorities
  • Infants
Year
2009
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 114a

Paragraph text
[The element of accessibility has four dimensions:] Non-discrimination: Health and related services as well as equipment and supplies must be accessible to all children, pregnant women and mothers, in law and in practice, without discrimination of any kind;
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 9

Paragraph text
The Committee has identified articles 2, 3, 6 and 12 of the Convention as general principles (see general comment No. 5 (2003) on the general measures of implementation of the Convention). Each principle has implications for rights in early childhood.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Governance & Rule of Law
  • Social & Cultural Rights
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
Year
2006
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right to adequate food (Art. 11) 1999, para. 13

Paragraph text
Accessibility encompasses both economic and physical accessibility: Economic accessibility implies that personal or household financial costs associated with the acquisition of food for an adequate diet should be at a level such that the attainment and satisfaction of other basic needs are not threatened or compromised. Economic accessibility applies to any acquisition pattern or entitlement through which people procure their food and is a measure of the extent to which it is satisfactory for the enjoyment of the right to adequate food. Socially vulnerable groups such as landless persons and other particularly impoverished segments of the population may need attention through special programmes. Physical accessibility implies that adequate food must be accessible to everyone, including physically vulnerable individuals, such as infants and young children, elderly people, the physically disabled, the terminally ill and persons with persistent medical problems, including the mentally ill. Victims of natural disasters, people living in disaster-prone areas and other specially disadvantaged groups may need special attention and sometimes priority consideration with respect to accessibility of food. A particular vulnerability is that of many indigenous population groups whose access to their ancestral lands may be threatened.
Body
Committee on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Food & Nutrition
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Ethnic minorities
  • Infants
Year
1999
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Female circumcision 1990, para. (b)

Paragraph text
[Recommends to States parties:] That States parties include in their national health policies appropriate strategies aimed at eradicating female circumcision in public health care. Such strategies could include the special responsibility of health personnel including traditional birth attendants to explain the harmful effects of female circumcision;
Body
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Harmful Practices
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Infants
Year
1990
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 83

Paragraph text
Private health insurance companies should ensure that they do not discriminate against pregnant women, children or mothers on any prohibited grounds and that they promote equality through partnerships with State health insurance schemes based on the principle of solidarity and ensuring that inability to pay does not restrict access to services.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CEDAW) 2014, para. 55h

Paragraph text
[The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions adopt or amend legislation with a view to effectively addressing and eliminating harmful practices. In doing so, they should ensure:] That a national system of compulsory, accessible and free birth registration is established in order to effectively prevent harmful practices, including child marriage;
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Civil & Political Rights
  • Governance & Rule of Law
  • Harmful Practices
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
Year
2014
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Rights of rural women 2016, para. 39d

Paragraph text
[States parties should safeguard the right of rural women and girls to adequate health care, and ensure:] The systematic and regular monitoring of the health and nutritional status of pregnant women and new mothers, especially adolescent mothers, and their infants. In case of malnutrition or lack of access to clean water, extra food rations and drinking water should be provided systematically throughout pregnancy and lactation;
Body
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Food & Nutrition
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Adolescents
  • Girls
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2016
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Women’s access to justice 2015, para. 51o

Paragraph text
[The Committee recommends that States parties:] Keep accurate data and statistics regarding the number of women in each place of detention, the reasons for and duration of their detention, whether they are pregnant or accompanied by a baby or child, their access to legal, health and social services and their eligibility for and use of available case review processes, non-custodial alternatives and training possibilities;
Body
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Civil & Political Rights
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Gender
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2015
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CEDAW) 2014, para. 69a

Paragraph text
[The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Provide universal, free and compulsory primary education that is girl friendly, including in remote and rural areas, consider making secondary education mandatory while also providing economic incentives for pregnant girls and adolescent mothers to complete secondary school and establish non-discriminatory return policies;
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
Person(s) affected
  • Adolescents
  • Girls
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2014
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 37

Paragraph text
Recommended packages of services should be used, for example the Essential Interventions, Commodities and Guidelines for Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health. States have an obligation to make all essential medicines on the World Health Organization Model Lists of Essential Medicines, including the list for children (in paediatric formulations where possible) available, accessible and affordable.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 69a

Paragraph text
[The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Provide universal, free and compulsory primary education that is girl friendly, including in remote and rural areas, consider making secondary education mandatory while also providing economic incentives for pregnant girls and adolescent mothers to complete secondary school and establish non-discriminatory return policies;
Body
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Education
Person(s) affected
  • Adolescents
  • Girls
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2014
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 43

Paragraph text
Looking forward. The Committee urges all States parties, inter governmental organizations, non governmental organizations, academics, professional groups and grass roots communities to continue advocating for the establishment of independent institutions on children's rights and foster continuous, high level policy dialogues and research on the crucial importance of quality in early childhood, including dialogues at international, national, regional and local levels.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Governance & Rule of Law
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
Year
2006
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Joint general comment No. 4 (2017) of the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and No. 23 (2017) of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on State obligations regarding the human rights of c ... 2017, para. 20

Paragraph text
The lack of birth registration may have many negative impacts on the enjoyment of children’s rights, such as child marriage, trafficking, forced recruitment and child labour. Birth registrations may also help to achieve convictions against those who have abused a child. Unregistered children are at particular risk of becoming stateless when born to parents who are in an irregular migration situation, due to barriers to acquiring nationality in the country of origin of the parents as well as to accessing birth registration and nationality at the place of their birth.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Movement
  • Violence
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Families
  • Infants
Year
2017
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Joint general comment No. 4 (2017) of the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and No. 23 (2017) of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on State obligations regarding the human rights of c ... 2017, para. 21

Paragraph text
The Committees urge States parties to take all necessary measures to ensure that all children are immediately registered at birth and issued birth certificates, irrespective of their migration status or that of their parents. Legal and practical obstacles to birth registration should be removed, including by prohibiting data sharing between health providers or civil servants responsible for registration with immigration enforcement authorities; and not requiring parents to produce documentation regarding their migration status. Measures should also be taken to facilitate late registration of birth and to avoid financial penalties for late registration. Children who have not been registered should be ensured equal access to health care, protection, education and other social services.
Body
Committee on Migrant Workers
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Civil & Political Rights
  • Movement
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Families
  • Infants
  • Persons on the move
Year
2017
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Joint general comment No. 4 (2017) of the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and No. 23 (2017) of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on State obligations regarding the human rights of c ... 2017, para. 20

Paragraph text
The lack of birth registration may have many negative impacts on the enjoyment of children’s rights, such as child marriage, trafficking, forced recruitment and child labour. Birth registrations may also help to achieve convictions against those who have abused a child. Unregistered children are at particular risk of becoming stateless when born to parents who are in an irregular migration situation, due to barriers to acquiring nationality in the country of origin of the parents as well as to accessing birth registration and nationality at the place of their birth.
Body
Committee on Migrant Workers
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Movement
  • Violence
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Families
  • Infants
Year
2017
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The implementation of the rights of the child during adolescence 2016, para. 41

Paragraph text
The lack of birth registration can result in significant additional complications during adolescence, such as the denial of basic services, the inability to prove nationality or receive an identification document, a heightened risk of being exploited or trafficked, a lack of necessary safeguards in the criminal justice and immigration systems and the underage conscription into the armed forces. Adolescents who have not been registered at birth or immediately after should be provided with free late birth certificates and civil registration.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Civil & Political Rights
  • Movement
Person(s) affected
  • Adolescents
  • Children
  • Infants
Year
2016
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The rights of children with disabilities 2007, para. 54

Paragraph text
Domestic and road traffic accidents are a major cause of disability in some countries and policies of prevention need to be established and implemented such as the laws on seat belts and traffic safety. Lifestyle issues, such as alcohol and drug abuse during pregnancy, are also preventable causes of disabilities and in some countries the fetal alcohol syndrome presents a major cause for concern. Public education, identification and support for pregnant mothers who may be abusing such substances are just some of the measures that may be taken to prevent such causes of disability among children. Hazardous environment toxins also contribute to the causes of many disabilities. Toxins, such as lead, mercury, asbestos, etc., are commonly found in most countries. Countries should establish and implement policies to prevent dumping of hazardous materials and other means of polluting the environment. Furthermore, strict guidelines and safeguards should also be established to prevent radiation accidents.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Environment
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Persons with disabilities
  • Women
Year
2007
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The rights of children with disabilities 2007, para. 36

Paragraph text
In the light of article 7 of the Convention, the Committee recommends that States parties adopt all appropriate measures to ensure the registration of children with disabilities at birth. Such measures should include developing and implementing an effective system of birth registration, waiving registration fees, introducing mobile registration offices and, for children who are not yet registered, providing registration units in schools. In this context, States parties should ensure that the provisions of article 7 are fully enforced in conformity with the principles of non-discrimination (art. 2) and of the best interests of the child (art. 3).
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Governance & Rule of Law
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Persons with disabilities
Year
2007
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 113

Paragraph text
States should ensure that there are functioning children's health facilities, goods, services and programmes in sufficient quantity. States need to ensure that they have sufficient hospitals, clinics, health practitioners, mobile teams and facilities, community health workers, equipment and essential drugs to provide health care to all children, pregnant women and mothers within the State. Sufficiency should be measured according to need with particular attention given to under-served and hard to reach populations.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 95

Paragraph text
Legislation should fulfil a number of additional functions in the realization of children's right to health by defining the scope of the right and recognizing children as rights-holders; clarifying the roles and responsibilities of all duty bearers; clarifying what services children, pregnant women and mothers are entitled to claim; and regulating services and medications to ensure that they are of good quality and cause no harm. States must ensure that adequate legislative and other safeguards exist to protect and promote the work of human rights defenders working on children's right to health.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Governance & Rule of Law
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 87

Paragraph text
The Convention should guide all international activities and programmes of donor and recipient States related directly or indirectly to children's health. It requires partner States to identify the major health problems affecting children, pregnant women and mothers in recipient countries and to address them in accordance with the priorities and principles established by article 24. International cooperation should support State-led health systems and national health plans.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Governance & Rule of Law
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

Implementing child rights in early childhood 2006, para. 27b

Paragraph text
States parties have a responsibility to implement children's right to health by encouraging education in child health and development, including about the advantages of breastfeeding, nutrition, hygiene and sanitation. Priority should also be given to the provision of appropriate prenatal and post natal health care for mothers and infants in order to foster healthy family child relationships, especially between a child and his or her mother (or other primary caregiver) (art. 24.2). Young children are themselves able to contribute to ensuring their personal health and encouraging healthy lifestyles among their peers, for example through participation in appropriate, child centred health education programmes;
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
  • Water & Sanitation
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Families
  • Infants
Year
2006
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 54

Paragraph text
The interventions that should be made available across this continuum include, but are not limited to: essential health prevention and promotion, and curative care, including the prevention of neonatal tetanus, malaria in pregnancy and congenital syphilis; nutritional care; access to sexual and reproductive health education, information and services; health behaviour education (e.g. relating to smoking and substance use); birth preparedness; early recognition and management of complications; safe abortion services and post-abortion care; essential care at childbirth; and prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission, and care and treatment of HIV-infected women and infants. Maternal and newborn care following delivery should ensure no unnecessary separation of the mother from her child.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 51

Paragraph text
The Committee notes that preventable maternal mortality and morbidity constitute grave violations of the human rights of women and girls and pose serious threats to their own and their children's right to health. Pregnancy and child birth are natural processes, with known health risks that are susceptible to both prevention and therapeutic responses, if identified early. Risk situations can occur during pregnancy, delivery and the ante- and postnatal periods and have both short- and long-term impact on the health and well-being of both mother and child.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Girls
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 43

Paragraph text
Measures for fulfilling States' obligations to ensure access to nutritionally adequate, culturally appropriate and safe food and to combat malnutrition will need to be adopted according to the specific context. Effective direct nutrition interventions for pregnant women include addressing anaemia and folic acid and iodine deficiency and providing calcium supplementation. Prevention and management of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, should be ensured for all women of reproductive age to benefit their health and ensure healthy foetal and infant development.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Food & Nutrition
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
  • Women
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 34

Paragraph text
Interventions should include attention to still births, pre-term birth complications, birth asphyxia, low birth weight, mother-to-child transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, neonatal infections, pneumonia, diarrhoea, measles, under- and malnutrition, malaria, accidents, violence, suicide and adolescent maternal morbidity and mortality. Strengthening health systems to provide such interventions to all children in the context of the continuum of care for reproductive, maternal, newborn and children's health, including screening for birth defects, safe delivery services and care for the newborn are recommended. Maternal and perinatal mortality audits should be conducted regularly for the purposes of prevention and accountability.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Infants
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 18

Paragraph text
Among the key determinants of children's health, nutrition and development are the realization of the mother's right to health and the role of parents and other caregivers. A significant number of infant deaths occur during the neonatal period, related to the poor health of the mother prior to, and during, the pregnancy and the immediate post-partum period, and to suboptimal breastfeeding practices. The health and health-related behaviours of parents and other significant adults have a major impact on children's health.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Food & Nutrition
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • Families
  • Infants
Year
2013
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph

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