Plan International - Girls' Rights Platform - Girls' rights are human rights: Positioning girls at the heart of the international agenda

Plan International - Girls' Rights Platform - Girls' rights are human rights: Positioning girls at the heart of the international agenda

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Criminalisation of sexual and reproductive health 2011, para. 59

Paragraph text
Laws restricting information about sexual and reproductive health and which censor discussions of homosexuality in the classroom fuel stigma and discrimination of vulnerable minorities. For example, laws and policies that promote abstinence-only education reduce sexual education to images and stereotypes of heteronormativity, given their focus on procreation; some of these programmes even contain explicitly discriminatory content on gender and sexual orientation. In certain instances, teachers have been suspended or threatened with lawsuits for engaging in discussions on "inappropriate" sexual matters with their students when discussing sexual and reproductive health issues in the classroom. In other cases, pursuant to abstinence-only and anti-obscenity policies, school districts, courts and legislators have prohibited civil society organizations from meeting in public schools. Such laws and policies perpetuate false and negative stereotypes concerning sexuality, alienate students of different sexual orientations and prevent students from making fully informed decisions regarding their sexual and reproductive health.
Body
Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Health
Person(s) affected
  • Ethnic minorities
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2011
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
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The right of the child to freedom of expression 2014, para. 44

Paragraph text
This issue has also been addressed by the European Committee of Social Rights, which in 2009 found that the Croatian school curriculum covering sex education discriminated on the basis of sexual orientation. The Committee asserted that some statements in the curriculum stigmatized homosexuals and were based upon negative, distorted, reprehensible and degrading stereotypes.
Body
Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
Person(s) affected
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2014
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
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Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 43

Paragraph text
The UNESCO report entitled “Out in the open: education sector responses to violence based on sexual orientation and gender identity/expression”, published in 2016, provides a wealth of information in this regard. UNESCO has also been working to promote understanding of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex issues in China, with a series of initiatives that includes training of trainers on education on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender issues, and with non-governmental help, research for textbooks covering sexual orientation and gender identity has been carried out.
Body
Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Gender
Person(s) affected
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2017
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
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Embrace diversity and energize humanity 2017, para. 22

Paragraph text
The Independent Expert has also received submissions from various sources concerning the plight of children and youth in relation to violence and discrimination, such as bullying at home and at school. A variety of issues deserving more attention, ranging from discriminatory sexual consent laws to access to information, conversion therapy, rights of transgender children, rights of intersex children, children of same-sex couples and access to justice have also been raised.
Body
Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Violence
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • LGBTQI+
  • Youth
Year
2017
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 66f

Paragraph text
There is a need to build checks and balances, especially at the national level, to prevent abuses of power and to ensure compliance with human rights. Cooperation should be explored not only with the executive branch of government, but also with parliamentarians and the judiciary, who may assist in weighing the various actions at the national level to ensure respect for international human rights standards. In parallel to this, capacity-building for law enforcers and related personnel, including through education and the integration of sexual orientation and gender identity into their educational curricula, is much needed in order to enhance understanding about sexual orientation and gender identity and about sexual and gender diversity.
Body
Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Gender
Person(s) affected
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2017
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 61

Paragraph text
Lack of education and/or awareness and lack of understanding may transmute into biases, prejudices and phobias from a young age, which underlie the violence and discrimination. This is interlinked with the quality of the educational spectrum and how to nurture a sense of empathy for sexual orientation and gender identity as an inherent part of all of us. State policies vary in their openings towards the issue of sexual orientation and gender identity. While some States have tried to integrate the issue into the curriculum at different stages, others have shunned the possibility altogether. Issues related to sexual orientation and gender identity can be dealt with indirectly or directly (e.g. through health education, indirectly, and/or through specific courses focusing on sexual orientation and gender identity, directly). One entry point that is now being explored in several countries is to address the bullying, which marginalizes persons at school from childhood onwards. With the help of United Nations agencies, some countries are now breaking the ice by integrating sexual orientation and gender identity into the educational curriculum through that issue. This is a key area where international cooperation and technical support and assistance can help open doors towards a more empathetic world, both at the national level and internationally. This requires dialogue and interaction between school principals, teachers, parents and students. It invites reappraisal of both educational content and textbooks, and the building of pedagogical tools and methodology, to promote an open mindset and respect for human biodiversity.
Body
Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Gender
Person(s) affected
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2017
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

Diversity in humanity, humanity in diversity 2017, para. 55

Paragraph text
Many countries are still hampered by a lack of anti-discrimination measures or insufficient anti-discrimination measures; this, too, is linked to environments that lead to violence and discrimination. This is a longitudinal challenge, which starts in the home and extends to the education system, the workplace, and life beyond. Some countries have moved towards integrating sexual orientation and gender identity into their constitutions or laws, directly or indirectly, while others have policies and programmes to reflect sexual and gender diversity. Yet, within the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender setting, some groups are particularly marginalized and may need special measures to help overcome difficulties. For instance, transgender persons are often discriminated against at school and this pushes them out of the educational set-up; they might then fall into a situation of marginalization and then exploitation.
Body
Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Gender
Person(s) affected
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2017
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 79

Paragraph text
Young people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender are particularly vulnerable to bullying and cyberbullying. As noted in a report of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), although relatively few countries have collected data on homophobic bullying, evidence from all regions of the world suggests that the scale of the problem is significant, with over half of all lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender students in a wide range of countries reporting such incidents. Drawing on important research, the report confirms the need for prevention efforts that address both bullying and cyberbullying of lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender young people.
Body
Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
Document type
SRSG report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Gender
Person(s) affected
  • LGBTQI+
  • Youth
Year
2016
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

The right of the child to freedom of expression 2014, para. 58

Paragraph text
In the Republic of Korea, high school students have promoted a major social mobilization against authoritarian practices within the education system. As a result of the public debate generated by the students, in January 2012, the Seoul Metropolitan Council adopted a students' rights ordinance ensuring, inter alia, the right of students to protest, a ban on corporal punishment, the elimination of mandatory participation in religious activities and the protection of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender students and pregnant students against discrimination. Action for Youth Rights of Korea, an association established by Korean students in the context of this mobilization, continues to promote student activism.
Body
Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
Person(s) affected
  • Activists
  • LGBTQI+
  • Youth
Year
2014
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

The right of the child to freedom of expression 2014, para. 39

Paragraph text
Judicial systems often play a significant role in altering engrained authoritarian practices. There are as yet few examples of court decisions affirming children's right to freedom of expression and access to information. However, there is a growing number of examples within educational settings, especially in the United States. For example, a student at a Florida high school was banned from wearing any symbol of support for gay rights at school because the principal believed that any symbol featuring rainbows would make students picture gay people having sex. In a decision quoting the Tinker case mentioned above, a federal judge ruled in May 2008 that the school had violated the students' rights.
Body
Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
Person(s) affected
  • Children
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2014
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

Sexual education 2010, para. 23

Paragraph text
In order to be comprehensive, sexual education must pay special attention to diversity, since everyone has the right to deal with his or her own sexuality without being discriminated against on grounds of sexual orientation or gender identity. Sexual education is a basic tool for ending discrimination against persons of diverse sexual orientations. A very important contribution to thinking in this area was made by the 2006 Yogyakarta Principles on the application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity. The Special Rapporteur fully endorses the precepts of Principle 16, referring specifically to the right to education.
Body
Special Rapporteur on the right to education
Document type
Special Procedures' report
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Gender
Person(s) affected
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2010
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

The implementation of the rights of the child during adolescence 2016, para. 70

Paragraph text
The Committee notes with concern the numbers of adolescents in marginalized situations who are not given the opportunity to make the transition to secondary education, such as adolescents living in poverty; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex adolescents; adolescents belonging to minorities; adolescents with psychosocial, sensory or physical disabilities; adolescents who are migrating; adolescents in situations of armed conflict or natural disasters; and adolescents in street situations or working. Proactive measures are necessary to end discrimination of marginalized groups in gaining access to education, including by establishing cash transfer programmes, respecting minority and indigenous cultures and children from all religious communities, promoting inclusive education for children with disabilities, combating bullying and discriminatory attitudes within the education system and providing education in refugee camps.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
Person(s) affected
  • Adolescents
  • Children
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2016
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

The implementation of the rights of the child during adolescence 2016, para. 33

Paragraph text
Adolescents who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex commonly face persecution, including abuse and violence, stigmatization, discrimination, bullying, exclusion from education and training, as well as a lack of family and social support, or access to sexual and reproductive health services and information. In extreme cases, they face sexual assault, rape and even death. These experiences have been linked to low self-esteem, higher rates of depression, suicide and homelessness.
Body
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Document type
General Comment / Recommendation
Topic(s)
  • Education
  • Equality & Inclusion
  • Gender
Person(s) affected
  • Adolescents
  • Children
  • LGBTQI+
Year
2016
Date added
Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
View

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