A/79/173 • The data subject or the supervisory authority of the country of the exporter authorizes the transfer, in accordance with the applicable national laws. States may authorize other exceptions through international laws or instruments. 23. International collection of personal data States shall adopt appropriate, useful and timely measures to ensure the proper processing of personal data and the effective protection of the rights of individuals whose information is collected by data controllers or data processors which are located in countries other than the country of domicile or residence of the subject of the personal data and which have no physical headquarters or establishment in the country of domicile or residence of the subject of the personal data (international data collector). In addition, States shall cooperate with one another, with data protection authorities and with data subjects to ensure the achievement of the objective set forth in the preceding paragraph. The fact that the international data collector is not present in and does not have a physical headquarters or establishment in the country of the data subject should not generate or facilitate impunity or a lack of protection of the rights of individuals. 24. Field of application The present principles shall be made applicable, in the first instance, to all public and private processing of personal data, regardless of the means or technologies used for the processing. B. Application of the guidelines to the processing of personal data by governmental international organizations Governmental international organizations shall apply the present guidelines to the processing of personal data, subject to any adjustments that may be required to take account of any differences that might exist between files or information systems for internal purposes, such as those that concern personnel management, and files or information systems for external purposes concerning third parties having relations with the organization. Each organization shall designate the authority that, under its statute, is competent to supervise the observance of these guidelines. Humanitarian clause States shall adopt special measures on the processing of personal data to facilitate and support humanitarian action aimed at protecting and assisting vulnerable persons in the context of armed conflict, violence, emergency situations or natural disasters. 24-13146 23/23