A/67/270
data on certain issues is not accidental. Neglect often coincides with a low political
profile. For example, in many countries, people living in informal settlements do not
appear in the official statistics, even when they represent a high percentage of the
population in major cities. In that regard, the Special Rapporteur calls for pushing the
boundaries of what is currently perceived as measurable. A commitment to better and
more accurate data collection as part of the global framework is essential to identifying
and monitoring inequalities, a crucial step to making progress to end them.
23. As a final word on measures and monitoring, it must be noted that there are
significant differences between the aim and purpose of indicators for human rights
monitoring and indicators to be used in monitoring outcomes in the context of
global development goals. In recent years there has been a greater effort to explore
the use of indicators as human rights monitoring tools. Human rights monitoring
indicators are designed to closely relate to specific legal norms. As such, they must
reflect and effectively measure all elements of a right, including integration of
cross-cutting human rights norms such as participation and accountability. Such
indicators should be flexible enough to be contextually relevant. On the other hand,
the call to integrate human rights elements into the post-2015 framework seeks to
make monitoring these development goals rights-sensitive rather than transforming
them into human rights monitoring tools.
C.
Water, sanitation and hygiene in the global development framework
24. Under the current structure, the target for water and sanitation comes under the
broader environmental goal, which also includes protection of natural resources,
reduction of biodiversity loss and improvement of the lives of slum dwellers. The
post-2015 development agenda should dedicate a stand-alone goal to water,
sanitation and hygiene, considering that access to these services plays a central role
in social and economic development.
25. The lack of access to water, sanitation and hygiene has not only an
environmental impact but also social and individual dimensions. From a human
rights perspective, water and sanitation, just like food, are parts of the same
fundamental right to an adequate standard of living. Their similarities with other
sectors such as education and health warrant attention alongside goals in these areas
to ensure visibility and prioritization. Member States should take a consistent
approach to their commitment in the Rio+20 outcome document, in which water and
sanitation were set as one of the priority areas for sustainable development (see
General Assembly resolution 66/288, annex, para. 119).
26. The normative content of the right to water and sanitation defined in terms of
availability, quality, acceptability, accessibility and affordability points to essential
features to be considered in the definition of indicators and targets. The
misalignment of the current framework, such as for instance, the omission of
whether water sources counting towards the achievement of the target are of good
quality, has shown that the Millennium Development Goals can greatly benefit from
better and more sustainable impacts if human rights are mainstreamed.
27. Access to water and sanitation is not only a human rights entitlement but it
also has an enormous impact on human health: it is central to the reduction of child
mortality, malnutrition, neglected tropical diseases, opportunistic diseases for people
living with HIV/AIDS, and a number of other health conditions. It contributes to
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