A/RES/60/170 trade in such resources and the proliferation and trafficking of arms as one of the factors fuelling and exacerbating conflicts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo; 5. Urges all the parties, including non-signatories of the Global and AllInclusive Agreement on the Transition, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: (a) To respect and further implement the Global and All-Inclusive Agreement and to cease immediately any action which impedes the consolidation of the sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of the Democratic Republic of the Congo; (b) To support the transitional Government and its institutions in order to allow for the re-establishment of political and economic stability and for the gradual reinforcement of State structures over the entire territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in accordance with their obligations under the transitional Constitution and as per the text of the Constitution submitted for referendum in December 2005; (c) To put an immediate end to the recruitment and use of child soldiers, which is contrary to international law and to the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, 3 with the understanding that, under the Convention on the Rights of the Child 4 and the Optional Protocol thereto on the involvement of children in armed conflict, 5 and in accordance with Security Council resolutions 1539 (2004) of 22 April 2004 and 1612 (2005) of 26 July 2005 on children and armed conflict, persons under the age of 18 are entitled to special protection, and to develop and implement without delay the action plans called for in Council resolutions 1539 (2004) and 1612 (2005); (d) To take special measures to protect women and children from the appalling violence, including sexual violence, which continues to be prevalent throughout the country, in particular in the eastern part of the country, and to bring the perpetrators of such crimes to justice as soon as possible, and condemns in particular the widespread use of sexual violence as a means of warfare; (e) To respect international humanitarian law, in particular on the protection of civilians, and to ensure the safety, security and freedom of movement of all civilians and United Nations and associated personnel, and the unhindered access of humanitarian personnel to all of the affected population throughout the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in accordance with Security Council resolutions 1265 (1999) of 17 September 1999 and 1296 (2000) of 19 April 2000; (f) To promote the full enjoyment of all human rights and to protect the safety, security and freedom of movement of all human rights defenders; 6. Calls upon the Government of National Unity and Transition to take specific measures: (a) To complete the objectives of the transitional period as laid down in the Global and All-Inclusive Agreement, in particular the holding of free and transparent elections at all levels within the specified timetable, enabling the establishment of a democratic constitutional regime, and the formation of a _______________ 3 Human Rights: A Compilation of International Instruments, vol. II: Regional Instruments (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.97.XIV.1), sect. C, No. 39. 4 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, No. 27531. 5 Ibid., vol. 2173, No. 27531. 3