A/RES/59/31 Gravely concerned over the increased suffering and casualties on both the Palestinian and Israeli sides, the loss of confidence on both sides and the dire situation facing the Middle East peace process, Aware of the urgent need for revitalized and active international involvement to support both parties in overcoming the current dangerous impasse in the peace process, Affirming the urgent need for the parties to cooperate with all international efforts, including the efforts of the Quartet, to end the current tragic situation and to resume and accelerate negotiations towards a final peace settlement, Welcoming the initiatives and efforts undertaken by civil society in pursuit of a peaceful settlement of the question of Palestine, Taking note of the findings by the International Court of Justice, in its advisory opinion, including on the urgent necessity for the United Nations as a whole to redouble its efforts to bring the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which continues to pose a threat to international peace and security, to a speedy conclusion, thereby establishing a just and lasting peace in the region, 5 1. Reaffirms the necessity of achieving a peaceful settlement of the question of Palestine, the core of the Arab-Israeli conflict, in all its aspects, and of intensifying all efforts towards that end; Reaffirms its full support for the Middle East peace process, which began 2. in Madrid, and the existing agreements between the Israeli and Palestinian sides, stresses the necessity for the establishment of a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the Middle East, and welcomes in this regard the ongoing efforts of the Quartet; Welcomes the Arab Peace Initiative adopted by the Council of the League 3. of Arab States at its fourteenth session, held in Beirut on 27 and 28 March 2002; 6 4. Calls upon both parties to fulfil their obligations in implementation of the road map4 by taking parallel and reciprocal steps in this regard, and stresses the importance and urgency of establishing a credible and effective third-party monitoring mechanism including all members of the Quartet; Stresses the need for a speedy end to the reoccupation of Palestinian 5. population centres and for the complete cessation of all acts of violence, including military attacks, destruction and acts of terror; Calls upon the parties, with the support of the Quartet and other 6. interested parties, to exert all efforts necessary to halt the deterioration of the situation, to reverse all measures taken on the ground since 28 September 2000 and to facilitate a speedy resumption of the peace process and the conclusion of a final peaceful settlement; Demands that Israel, the occupying Power, comply with its legal 7. obligations, as mentioned in the advisory opinion,2 and calls upon all States Members of the United Nations to comply with their legal obligations as mentioned in the advisory opinion; _______________ 5 6 See A/ES-10/273 and Corr.1, advisory opinion, para. 161. A/56/1026-S/2002/932, annex II, resolution 14/221. 3