A global call for concrete action for the elimination of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and the comprehensive implementation of and follow-up to the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action A/RES/80/193 that, in that context, persons belonging to national, ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities and to other groups, especially women and girls, have been victims of racist violence, threats of violence, discrimination and stigmatization, Recalling that systemic and structural racism and racial discrimination further exacerbate inequality in access to healthcare and treatment, leading to racial disparities in health outcomes and a higher rate of mortality and morbidity among individuals and groups facing racial discrimination, Recalling also the three Decades for Action to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination previously declared by the General Assembly, and regretting that the Programmes of Action for those Decades were not fully implemented and that their objectives have yet to be attained, Underlining the intensity, magnitude and organized nature of slavery and the slave trade, including the transatlantic slave trade, and the associated historical injustices, as well as the untold suffering caused by colonialism and apartheid, and that Africans and people of African descent, Asians and people of Asian descent and Indigenous Peoples continue to be victims, and acknowledging that the ongoing effects must be remedied, Welcoming the call upon all the former colonial Powers for remedies, consistent with paragraphs 157 and 158 of the Durban Programme of Action, to redress the historical injustices of slavery and the slave trade, including the transatlantic slave trade, apartheid, colonialism and genocide, Recalling the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, recognizing that Indigenous Peoples have been victims of discrimination for centuries, affirming that they are free and equal in dignity and rights and should not suffer any discrimination in the exercise of their rights, particularly on the basis of their Indigenous origin and identity, and stressing the continuing need for action to overcome the persistent racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance that affect them, Recalling also Human Rights Council resolutions 43/1 of 19 June 2020 11 and 47/21, and recalling also the report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the promotion and protection of the human rights and fundamental freedoms of Africans and of people of African descent against excessive use of force and other human rights violations by law enforcement officers and the annex thereto, entitled “Four-point Agenda towards Transformative Change for Racial Justice and Equality”, submitted pursuant to resolution 43/1, 12 Acknowledging the ongoing work of the international independent expert mechanism, comprising three experts with law enforcement and human rights expertise, aimed at furthering transformative change for racial justice and equality in the context of law enforcement globally, especially where relating to the legacies of colonialism and the transatlantic slave trade in enslaved Africans, to investigate the responses of Governments to peaceful anti‑racism protests and all violations of international human rights law and to contribute to accountability and redress for victims, Acknowledging also the efforts and initiatives undertaken by States to prohibit racial discrimination and racial segregation and to engender the full enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights, as well as civil and political rights, _______________ 11 12 4/13 Ibid., Seventy-fifth Session, Supplement No. 53 (A/75/53), chap. IV, sect. A. A/HRC/47/53. 25-20895