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The MDGs and the human rights to water and sanitation 2010, para. 63f
- Paragraph text
- [In line with these conclusions, the independent expert recommends the following:] Official development assistance for the water and sanitation sector must be better targeted to primarily reach those most in need, including in least developed and other low-income countries as well as the most marginalized communities and populations in other countries. As those most in need tend to benefit from basic systems, priority should be given to these. Moreover, since sanitation continues to be underfunded, and more off track than the water target, the former must be prioritized in aid targeting;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Human Rights Obligations Related to Non-State Service Provision in Water and Sanitation 2010, para. 63n
- Paragraph text
- [The human rights framework does not call for any particular form of service provision. It is well established that, from a human rights perspective, States can opt to involve non-State actors in sanitation and water services provision. But the State cannot exempt itself from its human rights obligations and hence remains the primary duty-bearer. Therefore, also when involving other actors in services provision, the role of the State is crucial. The obligations of States and the responsibilities of non-State actors are complementary. The latter can and should support the State in the realization of human rights. In line with these conclusions, the independent expert offers the following recommendations:] States must put into place accountability mechanisms at the national level. They should also adhere to mechanisms at the regional and international levels and should, in particular, ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Planning for the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2011, para. 82c
- Paragraph text
- [The human rights framework requires a coherent and comprehensive approach to planning that emphasizes the underlying structural causes and systemic biases for the lack of access to water and sanitation. It requires considering how laws, social norms, traditional practices and institutional structures and actions affect access. As such, the human rights framework helps to not only cure the symptoms, that is, the lack of access, but aims at addressing the underlying reasons, leading to more sustainable results. In this regard:] States must ensure transparency throughout the planning process, making relevant information, including on existing policies and measures, and expert advice on available technical options, as well as drafts of the plan, publicly available in all relevant languages via multiple channels to ensure accessibility.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Planning for the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2011, para. 80c
- Paragraph text
- [The full realization of human rights can require complex trade-offs that are even more difficult in situations of economic crisis. Having a plan or a vision guided by a human rights framework helps authorities to prioritize the realization of human rights above other considerations. Yet, a human rights framework provides no single answer on how to set priorities in a case where not all can be reached at the same time - for instance the distribution of resources between neglected remote rural areas and deprived urban slum areas. What human rights standards and principles call for is that such allocation decisions are not based solely on a cost-utility analysis, but are the result of a democratic, participatory and non-discriminatory process. In this regard:] Where strategies and/or plans for the water and sanitation sectors are already in place, States should re-examine these, and revise and align them with human rights standards and principles as necessary;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Integrating non-discrimination and equality into the post-2015 development agenda for water, sanitation and hygiene 2012, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- The present report concludes that there is much to be gained by redefining progress for a post-2015 development framework, and explicitly including equality, non-discrimination and equity at its foundations. The human right to water and sanitation offers exemplary illustrations of the significance of these principles. The report underlines the need for enhanced data collection and monitoring to determine who is excluded, and calls for incentives to reduce inequalities and focus on the most disadvantaged. Current limitations in measurements or data collection should not deter the international community from committing to a robust set of goals, targets and indicators to reduce the gaps in access to water and sanitation for all. On the contrary, one of the Millennium Development Goals most significant blind spots has been precisely their indifference to inequalities.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Sustainability and non-retrogression in the realisation of the rights to water and sanitation 2013, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur considers sustainability to be a fundamental human rights principle essential for realizing the human rights to water and sanitation. She understands sustainability as the direct counterpart to retrogression; it requires that services be available and accessible to everyone on an almost permanent basis, without discrimination, while ensuring beneficial change through quality services and sustained behavior change. Water and sanitation must be available for present and future generations, and the provision of services today should not compromise the future ability to realize these human rights. Understanding sustainability from a human rights perspective greatly contributes to achieving lasting solutions to water and sanitation challenges for present and future generations.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Affordability of water and sanitation services 2015, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- Affordability is key for the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation. Ensuring affordable service provision for all people requires a paradigm shift - starting from the perspective of human rights. Economic sustainability and affordability for all people are not impossible to reconcile, but human rights require rethinking current lines of argumentation and redesigning current instruments. The main challenge is to ensure that targeted measures and instruments do, in fact, reach the people who rely on them most. For instance, tariffs must be designed in such a way that the most disadvantaged of those connected to formal utilities receive the assistance they need. It also requires ensuring that public finance and subsidies reach the most marginalized and disadvantaged individuals and communities, who are often not (yet) connected to a formal network, who may live in informal settlements without any formal title or in remote rural areas where self-supply is common, and who are often overlooked or deliberately ignored in current policymaking and planning.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Similar to the broad conclusion reached in the first report (A/71/302, paras. 41-44), the Special Rapporteur finds that the explicit commitment to human rights in the six funders’ policies constitutes a heterogeneous patchwork. While some funders’ policies consider the human rights framework, particularly the human rights to water and sanitation, others are only sporadically aligned with those rights and reveal varying degrees of clarity regarding their application to development cooperation. However, even in cases where the human rights framework was adequately incorporated in funders’ policies, the Special Rapporteur observed significant gaps in the application of this framework during project implementation. The root causes of such gaps are varied, including non-implementation of applicable policies at the project stage, non-integration of the human rights framework in the funder’s policies and tools and the absence of a human rights approach in the project selection and design stages.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The MDGs and the human rights to water and sanitation 2010, para. 63h
- Paragraph text
- [In line with these conclusions, the independent expert recommends the following:] Data collection at the global level and human rights-based monitoring must disaggregate progress according to different grounds of discrimination. Gender and wealth quintiles must be prioritized for that purpose. In addition, a contextualized approach to disaggregation is required. States must identify groups and individuals under their jurisdiction who face discrimination and specifically monitor progress in improving their access to sanitation and water;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Wastewater management in the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2013, para. 87i
- Paragraph text
- [In line with this, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] Donors, international organizations and other non-State actors, including the private sector, should meet their human rights obligations and responsibilities respectively, and support States in improving wastewater management and pollution control, in particular through targeting resources to address the most urgent and serious challenges and improve the lives and livelihoods of the most excluded and disadvantaged populations;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Wastewater management in the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2013, para. 87j
- Paragraph text
- [In line with this, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] States should promote the integration of human rights into the post-2015 sustainable development agenda through, inter alia, incorporating the elimination of inequalities, drinking water safety, the collection and treatment of wastewater, especially addressing faecal sludge management, and putting particular emphasis on monitoring informal settlements.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The MDGs and the human rights to water and sanitation 2010, para. 63d
- Paragraph text
- [In line with these conclusions, the independent expert recommends the following:] States must eliminate discrimination, inequalities and systematic exclusion. They must detect their underlying structural causes, inter alia by developing disaggregated data for access to water and sanitation, to target the most marginalized and vulnerable;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Financing for the Realization of the Rights to Water and Sanitation 2011, para. 75c
- Paragraph text
- [Based on the findings of the present report, the Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Increase the percentage of international aid allocated to water and sanitation and incorporate a human rights approach;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Financing for the Realization of the Rights to Water and Sanitation 2011, para. 75e
- Paragraph text
- [Based on the findings of the present report, the Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Prioritize spending on systems which are more likely to reach the most marginalized and disadvantaged, including ensuring that a piped water supply is also available to informal settlements, and consult with communities on the range of technologies available to ensure sustainable access;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Wastewater management in the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2013, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- The technical solutions for improving wastewater management, curbing pollution and improving water quality exist - the greater challenge is a lack of political will to make wastewater management and pollution control a priority. However, while the challenges are manifold, the benefits of improving wastewater management are even bigger.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Wastewater management in the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2013, para. 87c
- Paragraph text
- [In line with this, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] States must prioritize addressing the most urgent and serious forms of contamination that vary among and within countries. They must reverse patterns of exclusion and address the situation of the most disadvantaged, who often experience the worst impact of water contamination;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Common violations of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 82c
- Paragraph text
- [To emphasize a comprehensive understanding of violations of the human rights to water and sanitation resulting from failure to meet any human rights obligation, the Special Rapporteur stresses that:] Violations may relate to failures to provide minimum essential levels or from failures to progressively realize human rights commensurate with maximum available resources;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Common violations of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 82h
- Paragraph text
- [To emphasize a comprehensive understanding of violations of the human rights to water and sanitation resulting from failure to meet any human rights obligation, the Special Rapporteur stresses that:] Violations of the right to non-discrimination may result from de jure or de facto discrimination;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Common violations of the human rights to water and sanitation 2014, para. 83d
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur therefore focuses her recommendations on how to more effectively ensure that violations are identified, prevented and remedied, with an emphasis on those areas which have been most neglected. She recommends that States:] Ensure that the rights to water and sanitation are taken account of in administrative decisions interpreting legislation and exercising any discretion conferred by relevant legislation;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Different levels and types of services and the human rights to water and sanitation 2015, para. 99i
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Develop monitoring systems to measure the progress States make, acknowledging that States have different starting points and baselines for achieving universal access to water, sanitation and hygiene, as well as to monitor the progressive reduction of inequalities;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Development cooperation in the water and sanitation sector 2016, para. 74f
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the above, with respect to development cooperation in the water and sanitation sector, the Special Rapporteur recommends that States and multilateral funders:] Design cooperation projects aimed at strengthening the legal, regulatory and policy frameworks of partner States, with a view to enhancing the sustainability of interventions;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Gender equality in the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation 2016, para. 77b
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the above, the Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Go beyond enacting formal provisions and implement targeted policies and budgets, among other measures, in order to tackle structural gender inequalities for the enjoyment of the rights to water and sanitation;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Affordability of water and sanitation services 2015, para. 87o
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations. States should take the following measures:] Where prepaid water meters are considered, ensure that households that face an inability to pay are not disconnected from water supply and that quantity, continuity and quality of water meet human rights standards.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Development cooperation in the water and sanitation sector 2016, para. 74d
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the above, with respect to development cooperation in the water and sanitation sector, the Special Rapporteur recommends that States and multilateral funders:] Make country ownership of development cooperation a priority and promote active, free and meaningful participation by relevant stakeholders in decision-making through the use of appropriate instruments;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 92d
- Paragraph text
- [In the assessment and monitoring stage, the Special Rapporteur recommends that funders:] Prepare studies that assess all stages of the funder’s activities in the human rights development cycle, envisaging the application of the related findings to improve the funder’s contributions to the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Human Rights Obligations Related to Non-State Service Provision in Water and Sanitation 2010, para. 63e
- Paragraph text
- [The human rights framework does not call for any particular form of service provision. It is well established that, from a human rights perspective, States can opt to involve non-State actors in sanitation and water services provision. But the State cannot exempt itself from its human rights obligations and hence remains the primary duty-bearer. Therefore, also when involving other actors in services provision, the role of the State is crucial. The obligations of States and the responsibilities of non-State actors are complementary. The latter can and should support the State in the realization of human rights. In line with these conclusions, the independent expert offers the following recommendations:] The process of decision-making and implementation, any instruments that delegate service provision including contracts, and instruments that outline roles and responsibilities must be transparent, which requires the disclosure of adequate and sufficient information and actual access to information;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Human Rights Obligations Related to Non-State Service Provision in Water and Sanitation 2010, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- In the present report, the independent expert has focused on the role of non-State service providers. Recognizing that service provision is an essential component of the realization of the rights to water and sanitation, she intends to continue working on this issue. For instance, she considers that instruments for the delegation of service provision such as contracts and mandates of State-owned companies would benefit from a human rights analysis. In that context, she notes with interest the work the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises is undertaking in the area of responsible contracting.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Human Rights Obligations Related to Non-State Service Provision in Water and Sanitation 2010, para. 63f
- Paragraph text
- [The human rights framework does not call for any particular form of service provision. It is well established that, from a human rights perspective, States can opt to involve non-State actors in sanitation and water services provision. But the State cannot exempt itself from its human rights obligations and hence remains the primary duty-bearer. Therefore, also when involving other actors in services provision, the role of the State is crucial. The obligations of States and the responsibilities of non-State actors are complementary. The latter can and should support the State in the realization of human rights. In line with these conclusions, the independent expert offers the following recommendations:] All instruments for delegation, including contracts, must be in line with human rights standards, contribute to the realization of the rights to water and sanitation and guide the activities of non-State service providers;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Human Rights Obligations Related to Non-State Service Provision in Water and Sanitation 2010, para. 63l
- Paragraph text
- [The human rights framework does not call for any particular form of service provision. It is well established that, from a human rights perspective, States can opt to involve non-State actors in sanitation and water services provision. But the State cannot exempt itself from its human rights obligations and hence remains the primary duty-bearer. Therefore, also when involving other actors in services provision, the role of the State is crucial. The obligations of States and the responsibilities of non-State actors are complementary. The latter can and should support the State in the realization of human rights. In line with these conclusions, the independent expert offers the following recommendations:] States must put into place supplementary social policies to ensure inclusiveness, such as safety nets and subsidies. These measures must be well targeted to actually reach those who need it most;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Planning for the realization of the rights to water and sanitation 2011, para. 81f
- Paragraph text
- [Human rights law provides a framework for ambitious, but realistic planning. While the ultimate goal must be universal coverage, the notion of progressive realization tailors this goal to the country situation and allows for the time frame that proves to be realistic in a given context. States must go to the maximum of available resources in the realization of the rights to water and to sanitation, turning to international assistance where needed. Progressive realization also implies gradually higher levels of service. In line with this:] States should determine the budgetary implications of the envisaged activities and allocate sufficient financial and human resources to implement those activities, including resources for regulatory activities.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo