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Prevention of trafficking in persons 2010, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- Nevertheless, there are encouraging signs that public-private partnerships can contribute to the prevention of trafficking, especially through the provision of vocational training and employment opportunities to vulnerable groups. In India, the Ministry of Women and Child Development has been active in promoting the public-private partnership and established the first think tank on public-private partnership to address the issue of trafficking in 2008. This led to the establishment of the Apparel Export Promotion Council to provide training in apparel production to family members of trafficking survivors. The training programme was followed by employment in factories as a means of reducing their vulnerability to trafficking. In the hospitality industry, the International Confederation of Indian Industry and the International Institute of Hotel Management provided skills training in housekeeping and in goods and beverage retail management. Following the completion of the training, the Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (a government agency) and Sinar Jernih provided employment opportunities to successful candidates of this joint training programme.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Education
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Women
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Regional and subregional cooperation in promoting a human rights-based approach to combatting trafficking in persons 2010, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- Also, in April 2009, ECOWAS Ministers adopted a Regional Policy for Protection and Assistance to Victims of Trafficking in Persons in West Africa, which aims at establishing a supportive environment in the subregion where victims of trafficking have equitable access to protection and assistance. SAARC recommended the establishment of regional uniform toll-free numbers for information on the issues relating to trafficking in women and for violence against children in member States. Within the framework of the Bali Process a number of workshops have been organized on the provision of support to victims of trafficking.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Women
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Regional and subregional cooperation in promoting a human rights-based approach to combatting trafficking in persons 2010, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- The Ouagadougou Action Plan contains specific measures on rehabilitation aimed at establishing a minimum standard for the rehabilitation of victims in the region. It calls upon States to establish rehabilitation centres to assist victims of human trafficking, to ensure their safety and facilitate their recovery and social reintegration, and to exchange documentation on lessons learned regarding recovery, repatriation and reintegration. Importantly, it also calls upon States to develop programmes for the rehabilitation and social reintegration of children trafficked in order to become child soldiers.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
The right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons 2011, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- The best interests of the child need to be carefully considered before deciding the course of action for trafficked children, particularly where it involves criminal proceedings. In many cases, the child's participation in criminal proceedings may not be in his or her best interest where, for example, he or she is interviewed repeatedly, required to provide testimony in court in the presence of the traffickers, subjected to hostile questioning by the traffickers or their legal representative, or effective witness protection is not in place to guarantee the privacy and security of the child and his or her family members. Thus, in determining whether a trafficked child should be involved in criminal proceedings, the benefits of such involvement should be carefully weighed against any negative consequences in order to ensure that it is indeed in the best interests of the particular child.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
The right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons 2011, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- In this chapter, the Special Rapporteur sets out the legal framework of the right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons under international law and discusses when and how the obligation of States to provide remedies arises. She then analyses essential components of this right in the context of trafficked persons and discusses fundamental principles to be taken into account in the case of trafficked children. In chapter IV of the report, the Special Rapporteur offers conclusions and recommendations for States' consideration. Annex I of the report contains the draft basic principles on the right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
The right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons 2011, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- The need to ensure active participation of children also implies that the child should be provided with legal representation without costs to the child, as well as with interpretation into the native language of the child, as necessary. In a number of States, children are entitled by law to access to legal assistance. It is not clear, however, to what extent this right has been implemented in practice, as many States do not keep track of the number of trafficked children receiving legal assistance. It has also been reported by practitioners that trafficked children have limited access to lawyers who are specifically trained in children's rights and the issues of child trafficking, which is compounded by the lack of legal and interpretative assistance provided to trafficked persons in general.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
The right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons 2011, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur also noted in the Human Rights Council report that returning a trafficked person to his or her country of origin may not be an appropriate form of remedy where he or she has lost legal, cultural or social ties with the country of origin and it is no longer in his or her best interest to return to it. For instance, it is conceivable that a child who is trafficked to another country and perpetuated in this situation over decades may lose his or her social and cultural identity in the country of origin. Where these factors exist, restitution may involve reintegration of the trafficked person into the host community or resettlement in a third country.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
The right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons 2011, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- States should encourage trafficked children to express their views and give them due consideration in accordance with their age and maturity. In order to facilitate this process, States should ensure that trafficked children are equipped with information on all matters affecting their interests, including their situation, legal options, entitlements and services available to them, and processes of family reunification or repatriation. Further, States should ensure that trafficked children have access to legal, interpretative and other necessary assistance, provided by professionals trained in child rights and how to communicate with trafficked children.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
The right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons 2011, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- Measures of restitution warrant a cautious approach in the context of trafficking in persons, as simply returning the trafficked person to the pre-existing situation may place him or her at the risk of further human rights violations and being re-trafficked. From this perspective, restitution implies States' obligations to undertake broader measures to address root causes of trafficking and to provide necessary reintegration support to trafficked persons, so as to address any risk of re-trafficking. The repatriation in 2005 of about 1,000 Pakistani children who were trafficked to the United Arab Emirates as camel jockeys, provides an illustration. In this case, the factors which caused the children to be trafficked in the first place, such as poverty, the lack of economic opportunities and the absence of a comprehensive child protection system, still persisted at the time of repatriation. Therefore, repatriation and reintegration of the children inevitably entailed tackling the root causes of trafficking and strengthening the child protection system, including providing basic education and health services in a sustainable manner.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
A human rights-based approach to the administration of criminal justice in cases of trafficking in persons 2012, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- In India, non-governmental organizations play a significant role both in rescuing victims of trafficking and in providing them with assistance and reintegration services. A judgement made by the fifth Additional Metropolitan Session Judge Court in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, involving a trafficked child illustrates how collaboration resulted in the conviction of two traffickers and support for the minor-victim. In this case, the victim was able to escape her traffickers and contact a non-governmental organization, Prajwala, based in Hyderabad. Prajwala filed a complaint on behalf of the victim, which led to a criminal investigation conducted jointly by police, the Forensics Department and the organization. The traffickers were arrested and the victim was given safe shelter. Prajwala provided psychological counselling and organized a mock trial, with the help of the Public Prosecutor, to prepare the victim to give testimony in court. The case was adjudicated in less than one year and the traffickers were sentenced to a prison term and fined.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
The issue of trafficking in persons for the removal of organs 2013, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- Trafficking in persons for the removal of organs and the related practices discussed herein have not been a central concern for the international human rights system. Only the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography explicitly addresses the issue by, under article 3 (1)(a)(i)(b), prohibiting the transfer of the organs of a child for profit. The Committee on the Rights of the Child has addressed the sale of organs in its consideration of national reports and the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography has also raised concerns. The use of organs from executed prisoners in transplantation programmes in East Asia has attracted more focused attention from some parts of the human rights system, including the Committee against Torture.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
Integration of a human rights-based approach in measures to discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation of persons, especially women and children, and which leads to human trafficking 2013, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- States are also responsible for implementing appropriate measures to guarantee internationally recognized labour rights in all categories of workplaces, particularly the "core labour rights", which include the two ILO conventions on forced labour, as well as ILO conventions to guarantee the right to freedom of association and against child labour and discrimination. Nevertheless, the Special Rapporteur and her predecessor have noted in the course of country visits that Government authorities make repeated exceptions, in law or in practice, creating spaces where employers can violate labour rights with impunity.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
Agenda setting of the work of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- Trafficking is a feature of armed conflict as well as of post-conflict situations and usually has a strong gender dimension. For instance, men and boys are trafficked for the purpose of supplying combatants to supplement fighting forces. Armed conflicts also increase the risk of women and girls being sexually exploited, which includes being abducted and forced into sexual slavery and/or forced prostitution. Those victims may be transported across international borders before being sold and trafficked to other regions or countries. They can also be trafficked for the purposes of forced labour for armies and armed groups. In addition, arranged marriages or false promises of domestic work abroad that are expected to provide children with a better life often render them vulnerable to trafficking for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labour, including domestic servitude. Furthermore, paramilitary groups can wreak havoc on communities during armed conflicts, often forcing children to become soldiers and workers, including in the illegal drug trade.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Agenda setting of the work of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- Finally, the Special Rapporteur will be guided by the best interests of the child in all actions concerning trafficked girls and boys, whether undertaken by public or private institutions, courts of law, administrative authorities or legislative bodies. She expects to look into existing identification, protection and assistance gaps in relation to children who have been trafficked for various purposes, with the aim of providing insights on issues such as the procedures for determining the best interests of the children, access to justice, provision of unconditional assistance and effective remedies including compensation for such children.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Due diligence and trafficking in persons 2015, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- As with all components of the due diligence standard, for due diligence requirements to be satisfied, the formal framework of protection and assistance established by the State must also be effective in practice. While formalized structures are important, current anti-trafficking measures in many contexts have emphasized such generalized measures at the expense of tailored assistance and protection to individual victims. Instead, "individual due diligence" - measures to address individual victims - requires that States must act "flexibly", in ways that take into account the particular preference and needs of victims, including special account of the most vulnerable (e.g., children).
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- The benefit of trained law enforcement, peacekeeping and humanitarian personnel has also been mentioned both by States and by other entities active in the field as a means of preventing trafficking in persons, especially women and children. In this regard, several examples of successful joint cooperation between States to train law enforcement officials and to conduct joint anti-trafficking operations were mentioned, including the recent joint exercises between European and African law enforcement officials organized by the Centre of Excellence for Stability Police Units and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, which were focused on reducing human trafficking along migrant routes.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- Conflict-related violence, such as sexual violence, can itself be a driver of forced internal displacement, which in turn increases vulnerability to further exploitation, including through trafficking. For instance, sexual violence by armed groups has forced ethnic minority women and girls in remote rural areas away from their communities and placed them at greater risk of trafficking within the country as well as overseas. Additionally, worsening security situations and overcrowded camps with inadequate basic services cause some internally displaced persons to risk crossing borders in an irregular manner in search of employment, putting themselves at high risk of exploitation because of their lack of legal status. Military attacks on camps further worsens displacement and causes undocumented internally displaced persons, including women and unaccompanied children, to flee their camps, exposing them to the risk of being exploited or trafficked.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- Prohibition of sexual exploitation. Sexual exploitation is one of the purposes of trafficking stipulated in the international legal definition. However, it is not defined in any of the specialist trafficking instruments and has no agreed definition in international law except when it involves children. There have nevertheless been various attempts to attach a particular understanding to the term in relation to specific settings. For example, in connection with its policies around sexual exploitation and abuse by United Nations personnel, the Secretary-General has defined sexual exploitation as "any actual or attempted abuse of a position of vulnerability, differential power, or trust, for sexual purposes, including, but not limited to, profiting monetarily, socially or politically from the sexual exploitation of another". State practice would appear to support an understanding of sexual exploitation in the context of trafficking that includes a broad range of practices such as forced prostitution, forced surrogacy, forced or fraudulent marriage and all forms of commercial and other sexual exploitation of children.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 64c
- Paragraph text
- [All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:] Ensure free-of-charge birth and marriage registration of nationals and non-nationals fleeing conflict, including in internally displaced person and refugee camps, in cooperation with United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations, in order to prevent or address potential trafficking in children for sexual and other forms of exploitation and the exploitation of the labour of individuals, particularly underage children and women;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- States have an obligation under international human rights law to protect against human rights abuses perpetrated by third parties, including business enterprises, within their territory and/or jurisdiction. States’ obligations to prevent and combat trafficking in persons are clearly established in international human rights instruments. For example, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights prohibits slavery and forced or compulsory labour (art. 8) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child imposes on States parties an obligation to take all appropriate national, bilateral and multilateral measures to prevent the abduction of, the sale of or traffic in children for any purpose or in any form (art. 35).
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
A human rights-based approach to the administration of criminal justice in cases of trafficking in persons 2012, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- In Thailand, concerns persist that children and women identified as victims of trafficking are automatically placed in Government-run shelters, pursued if they "escape" and, in some cases, forced to spend years awaiting processing. Such detention not only impedes the rights of victims but also discourages and diminishes the quality of victim cooperation with authorities. Above and beyond the infringement of victims' human rights, the Special Rapporteur observes that such an approach can serve as a disincentive for victims to report cases to authorities.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Women
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Integration of a human rights-based approach in measures to discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation of persons, especially women and children, and which leads to human trafficking 2013, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- In particular, as highlighted by both the Committee on the Rights of the Child and the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, States have a responsibility to listen to and take into account the views of children who may be affected by policy measures that are planned, in particular paying attention to ensuring that marginalized and disadvantaged children, such as exploited children, street children or refugee children, are not excluded from consultative processes.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 79e
- Paragraph text
- [Future mandate holders could focus on conceptual and definitional overlaps; the consequences of a human rights-based approach to trafficking; measuring the impact of anti-trafficking interventions, corruption and trafficking; and the effectiveness of victim identification tools. They should:] Continue promoting the involvement of civil society in all international and regional anti-trafficking forms, including discussions on the review mechanism for the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Women
- Año
- 2014
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) estimates that some 300,000 boys and girls under the age of 18 are involved in more than 30 conflicts worldwide. One in three children in the Kurdistan region of Iraq has been approached for forced or compulsory recruitment in armed conflict. Moreover, children are especially vulnerable to being trafficked into military service by Government armed forces, paramilitary groups and rebel groups if they are separated from their families, are displaced from their homes, live in combat areas or have limited access to education.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Boys
- Children
- Families
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 77h
- Paragraph text
- [Concerned governmental institutions, law enforcement authorities, civil society organizations, academia, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations should undertake further research on the different forms of trafficking in persons in relation to conflict and post-conflict situations, including on:] Early identification of cases of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, in the context of massive influxes of migrants as a result of conflict.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 72g
- Paragraph text
- [Concerned governmental institutions, law enforcement authorities, civil society organizations, academia, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations should undertake further research on the different forms of trafficking in persons in relation to conflict and post-conflict situations, including on:] Early identification of cases of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, in the context of massive influxes of migrants as a result of conflict.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Integration of a human rights-based approach in measures to discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation of persons, especially women and children, and which leads to human trafficking 2013, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- Some measures reported explicitly address cultural practices which generate demand that fosters exploitation. For instance, for several decades children were reportedly trafficked to Gulf States from other countries to ride as jockeys in camel races. From 2005, some countries in the region banned the use of children as camel jockeys.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2013
Párrafo
The right to an effective remedy for trafficked persons 2011, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- Recovery includes medical and psychological care, as well as legal and social services. As trafficking often causes severe physical and psychological consequences for the victims, recovery is a crucial form of remedy. In the Human Rights Council report, the Special Rapporteur noted with concern that in some States, recovery services are only available to certain categories of trafficked persons at the exclusion of others, such as men and children who are internally trafficked, and that access to recovery services is made conditional on the capacity or willingness of trafficked persons to cooperate with law enforcement authorities. Further, she expressed concern about the absence in many States of a "reflection and recovery period", during which trafficked persons may escape the influence of traffickers, recover psychological stability to consider their options, and make an informed decision as to whether to cooperate with law enforcement authorities without the risk of being removed from the country. This period is not only an integral element of recovery, but also the fundamental first step in seeking other forms of reparations, such as compensation. The security and well-being of trafficked persons, which may be facilitated by the reflection and recovery period, is an essential prerequisite for trafficked persons in seeking compensation.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Men
- Women
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
The issue of human trafficking in supply chains 2012, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- The obligations of States to prevent and combat human trafficking are clearly spelled out in international human rights instruments. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women requires States parties to take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to suppress all forms of traffic in women and exploitation of prostitution of women (art. 6), while the Convention on the Rights of the Child similarly obliges States parties to take all appropriate national, bilateral and multilateral measures to prevent the abduction of, the sale of or traffic in children for any purpose or in any form (art. 35). It is also of relevance that the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights prohibits slavery and forced or compulsory labour (art. 8). Other relevant international instruments include those under the auspices of the International Labour Organization (ILO): the Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour (Convention No. 182), under which States parties are called upon to take effective measures to prohibit the worst forms of child labour, including child trafficking, and the Convention concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour (Convention No. 29) and the Convention concerning the Abolition of Forced Labour (Convention No. 105), under which States parties are required to take measures to abolish forced or compulsory labour.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Women
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- It is one thing to assert the human rights of victims of trafficking and another to specify, with a sufficient level of detail, what those rights actually are and what obligations they impose on States. That process is essential, because it is only through such certainty that it becomes possible to assess the extent to which a particular situation, initiative or response is in conformity with international human rights law. The task is made somewhat more difficult by the fact that the central international instrument relevant to trafficking, the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, is not clear on the issue of the rights of victims. There are general references to human rights in the Protocol and it includes a number of obligations that may be understood as intended to protect victims. However, on its own, it makes little headway in establishing the precise nature of the entitlements of victims and how these should be met. It is also relevant to note that, when the mandate was first instituted, the international human rights system itself had not contributed substantially to clarifying the substantive content of relevant rights and obligations. While there was regular condemnation of the human rights violations associated with trafficking, the practice was rarely linked to the violation of a specific right in a specific treaty.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Women
- Año
- 2014
Párrafo