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Reflections on the six-year tenure of the Special Rapporteur 2017, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur recalls that the various forms of discrimination, violence and atrocities are different manifestations of similar mind sets and are often rooted in fear, ignorance, feelings of insecurity or, simply, envy of the other. She regrets the disconnect between the psychological, social and legal studies in this field, and urges the United Nations to pay increased attention to better understanding the actual psychosocial motives behind prejudice, racism, bigotry and hatred so they can be better addressed and prevented.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2017
Párrafo
Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 73
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- This rigid and stratified allocation of work results in Dalits having not only limited job opportunities, but also lower wages, particularly in rural areas.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
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- Special Procedures' report
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
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Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 131
- Paragraph text
- Special measures, including reservations, quota systems and/or schemes, should be put into place and enforced in specific areas, including employment, education, and public and political institutions, in order to guarantee the effective participation and representation of affected communities in public life.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
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- Año
- 2016
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Minorities in situations of humanitarian crises 2016, para. 57
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- However, while external constraints on emergency responses, including security, access and cost, are certainly significant, they are barriers that should and could be overcome with targeted planning and design. Furthermore, while humanitarian actors need to be sensitive to risk factors during conflict, risk aversion cannot mean that humanitarian actors should prioritize the easiest-to-reach over the most vulnerable. To the contrary, a key consideration in any successful humanitarian intervention is the capacity to overcome, or at least adapt to, certain constraints to ensure non-discriminatory and equal access to humanitarian assistance for all.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- In Nepal, in the agricultural sector, Haliyas ("ones who plough") are labourers effectively caught in a debt bondage system. They plough the land, a task considered dirty. They are often forced to take out loans from landowners to cover personal expenses and are charged exorbitant rates of interest, making their debts extremely difficult to pay back and effectively trapping them in a never-ending cycle of submission. According to civil society reports, despite criminalization by the Government in 2010, the practice still persists and there is currently no legislation in place for the rehabilitation of Haliyas.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
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Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- Allocation of labour on the basis of caste is one of the core pillars of caste and caste like systems, with lower castes typically confined to "polluting", "filthy" or "impure" tasks and occupations. This labour division is characterized by its extreme rigidity and exclusion, preventing individuals from the lowest strata from changing occupations and largely hindering their labour mobility. Attempts to challenge the established order may result in social punishment, including physical and psychological aggression and community boycotts.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
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Minorities in situations of humanitarian crises 2016, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- Stateless persons are particularly vulnerable as they do not enjoy the right to nationality or any of the corresponding human and civil rights, and they may be targeted, or not adequately protected, by national authorities. In times of humanitarian crises, conflict or natural disasters, this lack of protection can be particularly acute. Statelessness can often be a root cause of forced displacement, particularly in times of crises. Forced displacement can in turn heighten the risks of becoming stateless, particularly as documents may be lost in flight.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
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Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- The Committee identified several factors that could indicate the existence of discrimination on the basis of caste and analogous systems of inherited status in affected communities, including "inability or restricted ability to alter inherited status; socially enforced restrictions on marriage outside the community; private and public segregation, including in housing and education, access to public spaces, places of worship and public sources of food and water; limitation of freedom to renounce inherited occupations or degrading or hazardous work; subjection to debt bondage; subjection to dehumanizing discourses referring to pollution or untouchability; and generalized lack of respect for their human dignity and equality". It also made specific recommendations, including in the areas of preventing hate speech in the media, administration of justice, political participation and the right to education.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
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Minorities in situations of humanitarian crises 2016, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- Technological or man-made disasters are events that are caused by humans and occur in or close to human settlements. This can include environmental degradation, pollution and accidents and can similarly cause calamitous disruptions to societies and communities.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Minorities in situations of humanitarian crises 2016, para. 89
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- Effective and adequate planning can be essential for communities living in regions that are prone to such events. However, minority and disempowered populations may be at a disadvantage in securing equitable policy decisions from elected and appointed official bodies through conventional processes because political power tends to be asymmetrical.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
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Minorities in situations of humanitarian crises 2016, para. 25
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- A humanitarian crisis can be defined as the experience of a country, region or society of a total or considerable breakdown of authority resulting from internal or external conflict and which requires an international response that goes beyond the mandate or capacity of any single agency and/or the ongoing United Nations country programme.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- Even if such crimes pass the first stage in the process, there are long pretrial periods and the acquittal rates for these crimes are extremely high. Lower castes are also disproportionately represented in pretrial detention, owing to indiscriminate arrests, slow investigations and prosecutions, weak legal aid systems and inadequate safeguards against lengthy detention periods.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
Párrafo
Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. The principle of inherent dignity of all persons permeates the entire Declaration; the preamble refers to this principle, together with the equality of human rights, as the "foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world".
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
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Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- According to a recent study, the ways in which police refuse to register caste-based atrocities include: (a) showing apathy; (b) discouraging victims and encouraging compromises between the victims and the accused; (c) delaying arrival; (d) threatening or inflicting violence on victims; (e) bringing false cases against victims at the behest of the accused to pressure them to accept a compromise; (f) accepting bribes from the accused to drop the victim's case; and (g) declaring the accused innocent without following due process.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
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Minorities in the criminal justice system 2015, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- Access to an interpreter is an essential fair trial guarantee for any person accused who does not understand the language in which the proceedings will be conducted. This right, however, is not always fully implemented or respected in practice.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Minorities in the criminal justice system 2015, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- It has been suggested that harsher sentencing can result from bias introduced by interpretation, because of cultural differences unintentional expression of the interpreter's preconceptions, or negative perceptions of the accused's or the witness's credibility by the court or jury due to interpretation. Caution must be exercised when using a non-certified translator or interpreter, and all interrogation and other records should specify the identity and status of any such person. If translation is a minimum requirement in all cases, it is clear that it does not necessarily provide the fullest possible guarantee of fairness.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Minorities in the criminal justice system 2015, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Where States have religious courts, they must ensure the rights of those not belonging to the same religion, through exercise of their right to choose whether they wish to be tried by a religious or a secular court, and the availability of appeals in all cases.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Minorities in the criminal justice system 2015, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Non-discrimination and promotion of cultural diversity should be part of the professional training of all staff within the criminal justice system.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Minorities in the criminal justice system 2015, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- The requirement of "impartial tribunal" as an aspect of the right to fair trial signifies that judges not only must be free from any actual prejudice but also must "appear to a reasonable observer to be impartial". In assessing whether conduct by a judge vis-à-vis a minority individual violates this standard, one should consider specifically how members of the minority would perceive that conduct.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- The format of the media environment has undergone a dramatic transformation to host Internet and online media platforms, allowing live interaction and more rapid outreach worldwide. In the digital age, media has also widened its scope to include social media, where people share and/or exchange information, ideas and initiatives across vast national and international networks and virtual communities. New forms of online media which allow those who advocate hate speech or cyberhate to easily access large audiences are subject to less regulation than traditional media and provide anonymity to those who wish to exploit it.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 101
- Paragraph text
- Hatred is often constructed, fuelled, maintained and directed by certain individuals or groups against other individuals and communities who are different in ethnicity, language or religion from the dominant majority, often for political reasons or owing to long-standing and entrenched discrimination. Hateful messages may fall on particularly fertile ground where there are wider social, economic or political problems or divisions in society. The root causes of hatred often lie beyond purely ethnic or religious difference and must be better understood.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Hatred is often constructed, fuelled, maintained and directed by certain individuals or groups against other individuals and communities who are different, in ethnicity, language or religion from the dominant majority, often for political reasons or due to long-standing and entrenched discrimination. Hateful messages may fall on particularly fertile ground where there are wider social, economic or political problems or divisions in society. The root causes of hatred often lie beyond purely ethnic or religious difference.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- A six-part test has been developed by the NGO Article 19 to determine the appropriate threshold for assessing the types of expressions constituting "incitement to hatred": (1) context of the expression, including consideration of existing conflicts within society, existence and history of institutionalized discrimination, history of clashes and conflicts over resources, the legal framework and the media landscape. In relation to media, issues to be examined include censorship, existence of barriers to establishing media outlets, limits to the independence of the media or journalists, broad and unclear restrictions on the content to publish or broadcast and evidence of bias in the application of the restrictions, absence of criticism of government or wide-ranging policy debate in the media and access by the audience to a range of alternative and easily accessible views and speeches; (2) speaker, including consideration of his/her official position, level of authority or influence over the audience and whether the statement was made by a person in his/her official capacity. Politicians and public officials or persons of similar status should be given special consideration; (3) intent of the speaker to incite hatred, not mere recklessness or negligence; (4) content of the expression, including what was said, the targeted audience and the targeted potential victims, tone and form of the speech; (5) extent and magnitude of the expression, including the means of dissemination (press, audiovisual media, work of art, etc.); (6) likelihood of harm occurring, including its imminence.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Minorities in the criminal justice system 2015, para. 97
- Paragraph text
- States should ensure that rules for use of force by police respect the principles of necessity and proportionality, and that intentional use of lethal force is restricted to situations where it is strictly unavoidable in order to save life. Discriminatory patterns of use of excessive or otherwise unlawful force should be independently and impartially investigated and the results should be publicized.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 94
- Paragraph text
- Civil society organizations have developed innovative approaches and actions to combat hate in the media, including the Internet. Those actions include identifying hate trends, tracking and monitoring hate speech websites, notifying potentially affected or targeted communities about hate activities, working closely with Internet providers and governmental agencies to report hateful content and providing online educational materials and training programmes.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 113
- Paragraph text
- While recognizing the technical and operational difficulties in combating online hate speech, the Special Rapporteur encourages States to take specific measures, including specialized training of law enforcement bodies and prosecutors, to address hate crimes and incitement to hatred on the Internet, and to exchange information and best practices at the international level.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
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- Año
- 2015
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Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights prohibits "any propaganda for war" as well as "any advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence" (art. 20).
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
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- Año
- 2015
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Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights does not contain provisions referring specifically to the prohibition of incitement to national, racial or religious hatred. However the Charter states that: "all peoples shall be equal; they shall enjoy the same respect and shall have the same rights. Nothing shall justify the domination of a people by another" (art. 19) and that "every individual shall have the duty to respect and consider his fellow beings without discrimination, and to maintain relations aimed at promoting, safeguarding and reinforcing mutual respect and tolerance" (art. 28). The American Convention on Human Rights states that: "any propaganda for war and any advocacy of national, racial, or religious hatred that constitute incitements to lawless violence or to any other similar action against any person or group of persons on any grounds including those of race, color, religion, language, or national origin shall be considered as offenses punishable by law" (art. 13.5).
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- In order to develop consistent and effective legislation and measures to prohibit and penalize incitement to hatred, hate speech should not be confused with other types of inflammatory, hateful or offensive speech. As experts have stated, the intended or actual effects of speech can be a useful indicator to distinguish incitement to hatred from other categories of hate speech: in the case of incitement to hatred, the speaker seeks to provoke reactions on the part of the audience, specifically to influence the audience to share the views expressed or implied in the speech and to respond against the victim groups with hostility, discrimination or violence.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred against minorities in the media 2015, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- The present thematic study provides an overview of the role of media in relation to hate speech and incitement to hatred and violence. It refers to the role of international standards and processes with regard to the prohibition of advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence, and will address the major challenges to combating hate speech in the media. Different measures and good practices that can be implemented by States and civil society actors will be analysed.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
Párrafo