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Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 5. (1)
- Paragraph text
- The extent to which the guarantees provided for in this Convention shall apply to the armed forces and the police shall be determined by national laws or regulations.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 1. (2) (a)
- Paragraph text
- [Such protection shall apply more particularly in respect of acts calculated to] (a) make the employment of a worker subject to the condition that he shall not join a union or shall relinquish trade union membership;
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 2. (2)
- Paragraph text
- In particular, acts which are designed to promote the establishment of workers' organisations under the domination of employers or employers' organisations, or to support workers' organisations by financial or other means, with the object of placing such organisations under the control of employers or employers' organisations, shall be deemed to constitute acts of interference within the meaning of this Article.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- Measures appropriate to national conditions shall be taken, where necessary, to encourage and promote the full development and utilisation of machinery for voluntary negotiation between employers or employers' organisations and workers' organisations, with a view to the regulation of terms and conditions of employment by means of collective agreements.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 1. (2) (b)
- Paragraph text
- [Such protection shall apply more particularly in respect of acts calculated to] (b) cause the dismissal of or otherwise prejudice a worker by reason of union membership or because of participation in union activities outside working hours or, with the consent of the employer, within working hours.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 5. (2)
- Paragraph text
- In accordance with the principle set forth in paragraph 8 of Article 19 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organisation the ratification of this Convention by any Member shall not be deemed to affect any existing law, award, custom or agreement in virtue of which members of the armed forces or the police enjoy any right guaranteed by this Convention.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 2. (1)
- Paragraph text
- Workers' and employers' organisations shall enjoy adequate protection against any acts of interference by each other or each other's agents or members in their establishment, functioning or administration.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 6
- Paragraph text
- This Convention does not deal with the position of public servants engaged in the administration of the State, nor shall it be construed as prejudicing their rights or status in any way.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 1. (1)
- Paragraph text
- 1. Workers shall enjoy adequate protection against acts of anti-union discrimination in respect of their employment.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- Machinery appropriate to national conditions shall be established, where necessary, for the purpose of ensuring respect for the right to organise as defined in the preceding Articles.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1949
Párrafo
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention 1958, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- Any measures affecting an individual who is justifiably suspected of, or engaged in, activities prejudicial to the security of the State shall not be deemed to be discrimination, provided that the individual concerned shall have the right to appeal to a competent body established in accordance with national practice.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1958
Párrafo
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention 1958, para. 1. (1) (a)
- Paragraph text
- [For the purpose of this Convention the term "discrimination" includes] (a) any distinction, exclusion or preference made on the basis of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction or social origin, which has the effect of nullifying or impairing equality of opportunity or treatment in employment or occupation;
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 1958
Párrafo
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention 1958, para. 1. (2)
- Paragraph text
- Any distinction, exclusion or preference in respect of a particular job based on the inherent requirements thereof shall not be deemed to be discrimination.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1958
Párrafo
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention 1958, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- Each Member for which this Convention is in force undertakes to declare and pursue a national policy designed to promote, by methods appropriate to national conditions and practice, equality of opportunity and treatment in respect of employment and occupation, with a view to eliminating any discrimination in respect thereof.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1958
Párrafo
Minimum Age Convention 1973, para. 7. (3)
- Paragraph text
- The competent authority shall determine the activities in which employment or work may be permitted under paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article and shall prescribe the number of hours during which and the conditions in which such employment or work may be undertaken.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1973
Párrafo
Minimum Age Convention 1973, para. 8. (1)
- Paragraph text
- After consultation with the organisations of employers and workers concerned, where such exist, the competent authority may, by permits granted in individual cases, allow exceptions to the prohibition of employment or work provided for in Article 2 of this Convention, for such purposes as participation in artistic performances.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 1973
Párrafo
Minimum Age Convention 1973, para. 4. (1)
- Paragraph text
- In so far as necessary, the competent authority, after consultation with the organisations of employers and workers concerned, where such exist, may exclude from the application of this Convention limited categories of employment or work in respect of which special and substantial problems of application arise.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 1973
Párrafo
Minimum Age Convention 1973, para. 9. (3)
- Paragraph text
- National laws or regulations or the competent authority shall prescribe the registers or other documents which shall be kept and made available by the employer; such registers or documents shall contain the names and ages or dates of birth, duly certified wherever possible, of persons whom he employs or who work for him and who are less than 18 years of age.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1973
Párrafo
Minimum Age Convention 1973, para. 2. (3)
- Paragraph text
- The minimum age specified in pursuance of paragraph 1 of this Article shall not be less than the age of completion of compulsory schooling and, in any case, shall not be less than 15 years.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Education
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1973
Párrafo
Minimum Age Convention 1973, para. 8. (2)
- Paragraph text
- Permits so granted shall limit the number of hours during which and prescribe the conditions in which employment or work is allowed.
- Organismo
- International Labour Organization
- Tipo de documento
- International treaty
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1973
Párrafo
Reporting by States parties (article 7 of the Convention) 1977, para. 2c
- Paragraph text
- [Invites the attention of States parties to the fact that, in accordance with article 7 of the Convention, the information to which the preceding paragraph refers should include information on the "immediate and effective measures" which they have adopted, "in the fields of teaching, education, culture and information", with a view to:] Propagating the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination as well as the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.
- Organismo
- Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1977
Párrafo
Article 4: Derogations 1981, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- States parties have generally indicated the mechanism provided in their legal systems for the declaration of a state of emergency and the applicable provisions of the law governing derogations. However, in the case of a few States which had apparently derogated from Covenant rights, it was unclear not only whether a state of emergency had been officially declared but also whether rights from which the Covenant allows no derogation had in fact not been derogated from and further whether the other States parties had been informed of the derogations and of the reasons for the derogations.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 1981
Párrafo
Article 10: Humane treatment of persons deprived of liberty 1982, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- Subparagraph 2 (a) of the article provides that, save in exceptional circumstances, accused persons shall be segregated from convicted persons and shall receive separate treatment appropriate to their status as unconvicted persons. Some reports have failed to pay proper attention to this direct requirement of the Covenant and, as a result, to provide adequate information on the way in which the treatment of accused persons differs from that of convicted persons. Such information should be included in future reports.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1982
Párrafo
Article 7: Torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment - replaced by GC No. 20 1982, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- In particular, the prohibition extends to medical or scientific experimentation without the free consent of the person concerned (art. 7, second sentence). The Committee notes that the reports of States parties have generally given little or no information on this point. It takes the view that at least in countries where science and medicine are highly developed, and even for peoples and areas outside their borders if affected by their experiments, more attention should be given to the possible need and means to ensure the observance of this provision. Special protection in regard to such experiments is necessary in the case of persons not capable of giving their consent.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1982
Párrafo
Article 6: The right to life 1982, para. 7
- Paragraph text
- The Committee is of the opinion that the expression “most serious crimes” must be read restrictively to mean that the death penalty should be a quite exceptional measure. It also follows from the express terms of article 6 that it can only be imposed in accordance with the law in force at the time of the commission of the crime and not contrary to the Covenant. The procedural guarantees therein prescribed must be observed, including the right to a fair hearing by an independent tribunal, the presumption of innocence, the minimum guarantees for the defence, and the right to review by a higher tribunal. These rights are applicable in addition to the particular right to seek pardon or commutation of the sentence.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1982
Párrafo
Article 7: Torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment - replaced by GC No. 20 1982, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- In examining the reports of States parties, members of the Committee have often asked for further information under article 7 which prohibits, in the first place, torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. The Committee recalls that even in situations of public emergency such as are envisaged by article 4 (1) this provision is non-derogable under article 4 (2). Its purpose is to protect the integrity and dignity of the individual. The Committee notes that it is not sufficient for the implementation of this article to prohibit such treatment or punishment or to make it a crime. Most States have penal provisions which are applicable to cases of torture or similar practices. Because such cases nevertheless occur, it follows from article 7, read together with article 2 of the Covenant, that States must ensure an effective protection through some machinery of control. Complaints about ill-treatment must be investigated effectively by competent authorities. Those found guilty must be held responsible, and the alleged victims must themselves have effective remedies at their disposal, including the right to obtain compensation. Among the safeguards which may make control effective are provisions against detention incommunicado, granting, without prejudice to the investigation, persons such as doctors, lawyers and family members access to the detainees; provisions requiring that detainees should be held in places that are publicly recognized and that their names and places of detention should be entered in a central register available to persons concerned, such as relatives; provisions making confessions or other evidence obtained through torture or other treatment contrary to article 7 inadmissible in court; and measures of training and instruction of law enforcement officials not to apply such treatment.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Families
- Año
- 1982
Párrafo
Article 9: Right to liberty and security of persons 1982, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- Paragraph 3 of article 9 requires that in criminal cases any person arrested or detained has to be brought "promptly" before a judge or other officer authorized by law to exercise judicial power. More precise time limits are fixed by law in most States parties and, in the view of the Committee, delays must not exceed a few days. Many States have given insufficient information about the actual practices in this respect.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1982
Párrafo
Article 7: Torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment - replaced by GC No. 20 1982, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- As appears from the terms of this article, the scope of protection required goes far beyond torture as normally understood. It may not be necessary to draw sharp distinctions between the various prohibited forms of treatment or punishment. These distinctions depend on the kind, purpose and severity of the particular treatment. In the view of the Committee the prohibition must extend to corporal punishment, including excessive chastisement as an educational or disciplinary measure. Even such a measure as solitary confinement may, according to the circumstances, and especially when the person is kept incommunicado, be contrary to this article. Moreover, the article clearly protects not only persons arrested or imprisoned, but also pupils and patients in educational and medical institutions. Finally, it is also the duty of public authorities to ensure protection by the law against such treatment even when committed by persons acting outside or without any official authority. For all persons deprived of their liberty, the prohibition of treatment contrary to article 7 is supplemented by the positive requirement of article 10 (1) of the Covenant that they shall be treated with humanity and with respect for the inherent dignity of the human person.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1982
Párrafo
Article 10: Humane treatment of persons deprived of liberty 1982, para. 1c
- Paragraph text
- Ultimate responsibility for the observance of this principle rests with the State as regards all institutions where persons are lawfully held against their will, not only in prisons but also, for example, hospitals, detention camps or correctional institutions.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1982
Párrafo
Article 6: The right to life 1982, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- The right to life enunciated in article 6 of the Covenant has been dealt with in all State reports. It is the supreme right from which no derogation is permitted even in time of public emergency which threatens the life of the nation (art. 4). However, the Committee has noted that quite often the information given concerning article 6 was limited to only one or other aspect of this right. It is a right which should not be interpreted narrowly.
- Organismo
- Human Rights Committee
- Tipo de documento
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 1982
Párrafo