A/HRC/26/38 discrimination. In addition, more emphasis is placed on the obligation of States to refrain from engaging in violence against women and to exercise due diligence to prevent, investigate and punish acts of violence against women and provide access to just and effective remedies and specialized assistance to victims. 28. In 2006, the Human Rights Council replaced the Commission on Human Rights and, essentially, retained in its resolutions the wording of the Commission’s resolutions. Between 2007 and 2013, the Human Rights Council adopted 28 resolutions relating directly or indirectly to the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its cause and consequences. 14 The seven resolutions that are directly relevant to the mandate largely revolve around the theme of accelerating efforts to eliminate all forms of violence against women, including the issue of due diligence with regard to prevention, protection and the provision of remedies for women who have been subjected to violence. Other resolutions relevant to the mandate concern the integration of the human rights of women throughout the United Nations system; adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living; preventable maternal mortality and morbidity as a human rights issue; the elimination of discrimination against women; trafficking in persons, especially women and children; human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity; the right to a nationality for women and children; the protection of human rights defenders who provide support to women who have been subjected to violence; and most recently, the role of freedom of opinion and expression in women’s empowerment. 29. Between 1993 and 2013, the General Assembly adopted 57 resolutions relating directly or indirectly to the work of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences. A seminal development was the adoption in 1993 of the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women,15 which provided a comprehensive framework in terms of definition, scope, obligations of States to act with due diligence and the role of the United Nations. The Declaration constitutes a more explicit statement on violence against women and it has formed the basis for numerous subsequent resolutions. In the preamble to the Declaration, the General Assembly recognizes that the root causes of violence against women are patriarchy and the subordination of women; and that violence against women is a manifestation of historically unequal power relations between men and women, and has led to domination over and discrimination against women by men and the prevention of the full advancement of women. 30. Several General Assembly resolutions on women address the issue of violence against women migrant workers; trafficking; traditional or customary practices affecting the health of women and girls; crimes committed against women in the name of honour; rape and other forms of sexual violence, including in conflict and related situations; women, disarmament, non-proliferation and arms control; female genital mutilation; gender-related killings of women; and protection for human rights defenders. These resolutions reiterate normative developments relating to the recognition of violence against women as a human rights violation; States’ due diligence obligation to end impunity; and the introduction of the concepts of intersectionality and a multisectoral approach to violence against women. Other resolutions on women concern, inter alia, the designation of 25 November as the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women; crime prevention and criminal justice measures to eliminate violence against women; and the annual reporting obligation of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, which includes the requirement to submit a written report annually to the Assembly. 14 15 See Human Rights Council resolution 6/27 and subsequent resolutions on women. General Assembly resolution 48/104. 9