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Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 4.2
- Paragraph text
- Education is one of the most important means of empowering women with the knowledge, skills and self-confidence necessary to participate fully in the development process. More than 40 years ago, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights asserted that "everyone has the right to education". In 1990, Governments meeting at the World Conference on Education for All in Jomtien, Thailand, committed themselves to the goal of universal access to basic education. But despite notable efforts by countries around the globe that have appreciably expanded access to basic education, there are approximately 960 million illiterate adults in the world, of whom two thirds are women. More than one third of the world's adults, most of them women, have no access to printed knowledge, to new skills or to technologies that would improve the quality of their lives and help them shape and adapt to social and economic change. There are 130 million children who are not enrolled in primary school and 70 per cent of them are girls.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 12.15
- Paragraph text
- o expedite the availability of improved and new methods for regulation of fertility, efforts must be made to increase the involvement of industry, including industry in developing countries and countries with economies in transition. A new type of partnership between the public and private sectors, including women and consumer groups, is needed to mobilize the experience and resources of industry while protecting the public interest. National drug and device regulatory agencies should be actively involved in all stages of the development process to ensure that all legal and ethical standards are met. Developed countries should assist research programmes in developing countries and countries with economies in transition with their knowledge, experience and technical expertise and promote the transfer of appropriate technologies to them. The international community should facilitate the establishment of manufacturing capacities for contraceptive commodities in developing countries, particularly the least developed among them, and countries with economies in transition.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 8.21
- Paragraph text
- Countries should strive to effect significant reductions in maternal mortality by the year 2015: a reduction in maternal mortality by one half of the 1990 levels by the year 2000 and a further one half by 2015. The realization of these goals will have different implications for countries with different 1990 levels of maternal mortality. Countries with intermediate levels of mortality should aim to achieve by the year 2005 a maternal mortality rate below 100 per 100,000 live births and by the year 2015 a maternal mortality rate below 60 per 100,000 live births. Countries with the highest levels of mortality should aim to achieve by 2005 a maternal mortality rate below 125 per 100,000 live births and by 2015 a maternal mortality rate below 75 per 100,000 live births.] However, all countries should reduce maternal morbidity and mortality to levels where they no longer constitute a public health problem. Disparities in maternal mortality within countries and between geographical regions, socio-economic and ethnic groups should be narrowed.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 13.22
- Paragraph text
- Governments, non-governmental organizations, the private sector and local communities, assisted upon request by the international community, should strive to mobilize and effectively utilize the resources for population and development programmes that expand and improve the quality of reproductive health care, including family-planning and sexually transmitted diseases/HIV/AIDS prevention efforts. In line with the goal of the present Programme of Action to ensure universal availability of and access to high- quality reproductive health and family-planning services, particular emphasis must be put on meeting the needs of underserved population groups, including adolescents, taking into account the rights and responsibilities of parents and the needs of adolescents and the rural and the urban poor, and on ensuring the safety of services and their responsiveness to women, men and adolescents. In mobilizing resources for these purposes, countries should examine new modalities such as increased involvement of the private sector, the selective use of user fees, social marketing, cost-sharing and other forms of cost recovery. However, these modalities must not impede access to services and should be accompanied with adequate "safety net" measures.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Adolescents
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 13.9f
- Paragraph text
- [Countries should:] Develop and maintain databases of national experts and institutions of excellence in order to foster the use of national competence, giving special consideration to the inclusion of women and youth;
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Women
- Youth
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 12.19
- Paragraph text
- During the past several decades, the formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of population policies, programmes and activities have benefited from the findings of social and economic research highlighting how population change results from and impacts on complex interactions of social, economic and environmental factors. Nevertheless, some aspects of those interactions are still poorly understood and knowledge is lacking, especially with regard to developing countries, in areas relevant to a range of population and development policies, particularly concerning indigenous practices. Social and economic research is clearly needed to enable programmes to take into account the views of their intended beneficiaries, especially women, the young and other less empowered groups, and to respond to the specific needs of those groups and of communities. Research regarding the interrelations between global or regional economic factors and national demographic processes is required. Improved quality of services can be achieved only where quality has been defined by both users and providers of services and where women are actively involved in decision-making and service delivery.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- Women
- Youth
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 12.1
- Paragraph text
- Research, in particular biomedical research, has been instrumental in giving more and more people access to a greater range of safe and effective modern methods for regulation of fertility. However, not all persons can find a family-planning method that suits them and the range of choices available to men is more limited than that available to women. The growing incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, demands substantially higher investments in new methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment. In spite of greatly reduced funding for reproductive health research, prospects for developing and introducing new methods and products for contraception and regulation of fertility have been promising. Improved collaboration and coordination of activities internationally will increase cost-effectiveness, but a significant increase in support from Governments and industry is needed to bring a number of potential new, safe and affordable methods to fruition, especially barrier methods. This research needs to be guided at all stages by gender perspectives, particularly women's, and the needs of users, and should be carried out in strict conformity with internationally accepted legal, ethical, medical and scientific standards for biomedical research.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Gender
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 11.5b
- Paragraph text
- [The objectives are:] To promote non-formal education for young people, guaranteeing equal access for women and men to literacy centres;
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Education
- Personnes concernées
- Men
- Women
- Youth
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 10.22c
- Paragraph text
- [The objectives are:] To ensure effective protection of and assistance to refugee populations, with particular attention to the needs and physical security of refugee women and refugee children;
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 10.21
- Paragraph text
- 10.1. In less than 10 years, from 1985 to 1993, the number of refugees has more than doubled, from 8.5 million to 19 million. This has been caused by multiple and complex factors, including massive violations of human rights. Most of those refugees find asylum in developing countries, often imposing great burdens on those States. The institution of asylum is under severe strain in industrialized countries for a variety of reasons, including the growing numbers of refugees and asylum-seekers and the misuse of asylum procedures by migrants attempting to circumvent immigration restrictions. While two thirds of all countries in the world have ratified the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees or the 1967 Protocol, which establish standards for the protection of refugees, there is a need to strengthen the support for international protection of and assistance to refugees, especially refugee women and refugee children, who are particularly vulnerable. Displaced persons, who do not qualify for refugee status and are in some cases outside their country, are also vulnerable and need international assistance. Regional agreements to provide protection to persons fleeing war should be considered.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 10.11
- Paragraph text
- Governments of receiving countries are urged to consider extending to documented migrants who meet appropriate length-of-stay requirements, and to members of their families whose stay in the receiving country is regular, treatment equal to that accorded their own nationals with regard to the enjoyment of basic human rights, including equality of opportunity and treatment in respect of religious practices, working conditions, social security, participation in trade unions, access to health, education, cultural and other social services, as well as equal access to the judicial system and equal treatment before the law. Governments of receiving countries are further urged to take appropriate steps to avoid all forms of discrimination against migrants, including eliminating discriminatory practices concerning their nationality and the nationality of their children, and to protect their rights and safety. Women and children who migrate as family members should be protected from abuse or denial of their human rights by their sponsors, and Governments are asked to consider extending their stay should the family relationship dissolve, within the limits of national legislation.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 10.10b
- Paragraph text
- [The objectives are:] To eliminate discriminatory practices against documented migrants, especially women, children and the elderly;
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 8.33
- Paragraph text
- The international community should mobilize the human and financial resources required to reduce the rate of transmission of HIV infection. To that end, research on a broad range of approaches to prevent HIV transmission and to seek a cure for the disease should be promoted and supported by all countries. In particular, donor and research communities should support and strengthen current efforts to find a vaccine and to develop women-controlled methods, such as vaginal microbicides, to prevent HIV infection. Increased support is also needed for the treatment and care of HIV-infected persons and AIDS patients. The coordination of activities to combat the AIDS pandemic must be enhanced. Particular attention should be given to activities of the United Nations system at the national level, where measures such as joint programmes can improve coordination and ensure a more efficient use of scarce resources. The international community should also mobilize its efforts in monitoring and evaluating the results of various efforts to search for new strategies.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 8.27
- Paragraph text
- All countries, as a matter of some urgency, need to seek changes in high- risk sexual behaviour and devise strategies to ensure that men share responsibility for sexual and reproductive health, including family planning, and for preventing and controlling sexually transmitted diseases, HIV infection and AIDS.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 8.25
- Paragraph text
- In no case should abortion be promoted as a method of family planning. All Governments and relevant intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations are urged to strengthen their commitment to women's health, to deal with the health impact of unsafe abortion as a major public health concern and to reduce the recourse to abortion through expanded and improved family-planning services. Prevention of unwanted pregnancies must always be given the highest priority and every attempt should be made to eliminate the need for abortion. Women who have unwanted pregnancies should have ready access to reliable information and compassionate counselling. Any measures or changes related to abortion within the health system can only be determined at the national or local level according to the national legislative process. In circumstances where abortion is not against the law, such abortion should be safe. In all cases, women should have access to quality services for the management of complications arising from abortion. Post-abortion counselling, education and family-planning services should be offered promptly, which will also help to avoid repeat abortions.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Families
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 8.22
- Paragraph text
- All countries, with the support of all sections of the international community, must expand the provision of maternal health services in the context of primary health care. These services, based on the concept of informed choice, should include education on safe motherhood, prenatal care that is focused and effective, maternal nutrition programmes, adequate delivery assistance that avoids excessive recourse to caesarean sections and provides for obstetric emergencies; referral services for pregnancy, childbirth and abortion complications; post-natal care and family planning. All births should be assisted by trained persons, preferably nurses and midwives, but at least by trained birth attendants. The underlying causes of maternal morbidity and mortality should be identified, and attention should be given to the development of strategies to overcome them and for adequate evaluation and monitoring mechanisms to assess the progress being made in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity and to enhance the effectiveness of ongoing programmes. Programmes and education to engage men's support for maternal health and safe motherhood should be developed.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 7.36b
- Paragraph text
- [The objectives are:] To ensure that women and men have access to the information, education and services needed to achieve good sexual health and exercise their reproductive rights and responsibilities.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 7.31
- Paragraph text
- All health-care providers, including all family-planning providers, should be given specialized training in the prevention and detection of, and counselling on, sexually transmitted diseases, especially infections in women and youth, including HIV/AIDS.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Women
- Youth
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 7.29
- Paragraph text
- The objective is to prevent, reduce the incidence of, and provide treatment for, sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, and the complications of sexually transmitted diseases such as infertility, with special attention to girls and women.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Girls
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 7.24
- Paragraph text
- Governments should take appropriate steps to help women avoid abortion, which in no case should be promoted as a method of family planning, and in all cases provide for the humane treatment and counselling of women who have had recourse to abortion.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 7.14e
- Paragraph text
- [The objectives are:] To increase the participation and sharing of responsibility of men in the actual practice of family planning;
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 6.7c
- Paragraph text
- [The objectives are:] To encourage children, adolescents and youth, particularly young women, to continue their education in order to equip them for a better life, to increase their human potential, to help prevent early marriages and high-risk child-bearing and to reduce associated mortality and morbidity.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Education
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Adolescents
- Children
- Women
- Youth
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 5.7
- Paragraph text
- 5.1. Families are sensitive to strains induced by social and economic changes. It is essential to grant particular assistance to families in difficult life situations. Conditions have worsened for many families in recent years, owing to lack of gainful employment and measures taken by Governments seeking to balance their budget by reducing social expenditures. There are increasing numbers of vulnerable families, including single-parent families headed by women, poor families with elderly members or those with disabilities, refugee and displaced families, and families with members affected by AIDS or other terminal diseases, substance dependence, child abuse and domestic violence. Increased labour migrations and refugee movements are an additional source of family tension and disintegration and are contributing to increased responsibilities for women. In many urban environments, millions of children and youths are left to their own devices as family ties break down, and hence are increasingly exposed to risks such as dropping out of school, labour exploitation, sexual exploitation, unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 5.2c
- Paragraph text
- [The objectives are:] To promote equality of opportunity for family members, especially the rights of women and children in the family.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 4.25
- Paragraph text
- The objective is to promote gender equality in all spheres of life, including family and community life, and to encourage and enable men to take responsibility for their sexual and reproductive behaviour and their social and family roles.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 4.2
- Paragraph text
- Countries should develop an integrated approach to the special nutritional, general and reproductive health, education and social needs of girls and young women, as such additional investments in adolescent girls can often compensate for earlier inadequacies in their nutrition and health care.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Adolescents
- Girls
- Women
- Youth
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 4.14
- Paragraph text
- Programmes to meet the needs of growing numbers of elderly people should fully take into account that women represent the larger proportion of the elderly and that elderly women generally have a lower socio-economic status than elderly men.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personnes concernées
- Older persons
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 4.7
- Paragraph text
- Governments and employers are urged to eliminate gender discrimination in hiring, wages, benefits, training and job security with a view to eliminating gender-based disparities in income.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Personnes concernées
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 4.6
- Paragraph text
- Governments at all levels should ensure that women can buy, hold and sell property and land equally with men, obtain credit and negotiate contracts in their own name and on their own behalf and exercise their legal rights to inheritance.
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Personnes concernées
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 4.4f
- Paragraph text
- [Countries should act to empower women and should take steps to eliminate inequalities between men and women as soon as possible by:] Eliminating discriminatory practices by employers against women, such as those based on proof of contraceptive use or pregnancy status;
- Organe
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 1994
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe