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30 Listé sur un total de 274 Entités
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2019
- Code du document
- A/HRC/40/62/Add.2
Document
Défenseurs des droits de l’homme s’occupant de questions relatives à l’albinisme
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2022
- Code du document
- A/HRC/52/36
Document
Droit des personnes atteintes d’albinisme au meilleur état de santé possible
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2017
- Code du document
- A/HRC/37/57
Document
Élimination des obstacles comportementaux que rencontrent les personnes atteintes d’albinisme
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2021
- Code du document
- A/76/166
Document
Femmes et enfants touchés par l’albinisme
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2019
- Code du document
- A/HRC/43/42
Document
Impact du changement climatique sur les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2023
- Code du document
- A/78/167
Document
L’albinisme dans le monde
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2019
- Code du document
- A/74/190
Document
Les personnes atteintes d’albinisme en situation de déplacement
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2022
- Code du document
- A/77/199
Document
Mesures prises, résultats obtenus, problèmes rencontrés et voie à suivre : aperçu général des travaux accomplis dans le cadre du mandat
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2020
- Code du document
- A/HRC/46/32
Document
Normes internationales applicables en matière de droits de l’homme et obligations connexes susceptibles de remédier aux problèmes que rencontrent les personnes atteintes d’albinisme
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2017
- Code du document
- A/72/131
Document
Plan d’action régional concernant l’albinisme en Afrique (2017-2021)
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2017
- Code du document
- A/HRC/37/57/Add.3
Document
Pratiques préjudiciables et crimes de haine visant les personnes atteintes d’albinisme
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2022
- Code du document
- A/HRC/49/56
Document
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism
- Organe
- Expert indépendant sur l'exercice des droits de l'homme par les personnes atteintes d'albinisme
- Status juridique
- Droit souple non-négocié
- Type de document
- Rapport des procédures spéciales
- Année
- 2016
- Code du document
- A/71/255
Document
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- Over the centuries and across the world, myths about albinism have been developed and have taken deep root in various cultures. Widespread and long-term ignorance about the condition has given birth to myths, some of them age-old and most of them erroneous. Such myths can be found in various regions of the world, as evidenced in the pejorative names used for persons with albinism across cultures and continents, including "dry pigeon peas", "ghost", "chicken", "strange being", "monkey", "fake white man", "goat" or the "devil in person".
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Harmful Practices
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- Some myths seek to explain albinism and address the reason why a person has the condition. Others attribute specific powers to persons with albinism, demonstrating fear of the unknown and the desire to distance oneself from them. Another group of myths presents ostracism, exclusion and discrimination against persons with albinism as a natural necessity. A number of these myths are highly concerning, as they seek to strip persons with albinism of their humanity and represent them as a means to an end as opposed to an end in themselves.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 6
- Paragraph text
- Albinism is a condition that results in a significant or near total lack of pigmentation in any or all of the skin, hair and eyes. The most significant human rights issues have emerged from myths linked to the form of albinism involving a lack of pigmentation in the skin. This is also the most visible form of albinism. All forms of albinism are together understood as rare, non-contagious, genetically inherited and occurring in both sexes, regardless of ethnicity, in all countries of the world. However, in most communities around the world, albinism is not fully understood.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 7
- Paragraph text
- Myths about albinism include the belief that a child with albinism is a curse meted out on the mother or family of the child. It is also sometimes believed that children with albinism are the result of their family's or parent's evildoing and they are therefore considered a punishment to the whole family and community. In most cases, the blame for having a child with albinism is often attributed to the mother because the curse is believed to be matrilineal, transmitted by the mother's side of the family. There are also beliefs that women who give birth to children with albinism are unclean, or even in some cases witches. A similar myth is that the mother of a child with albinism stepped onto something evil, leading to a curse on the whole family.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Harmful Practices
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Women
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 8
- Paragraph text
- Similarly, myths accuse the mothers of children with albinism of having been unfaithful, specifically for having extraconjugal affairs with a white man, with a ghost or with a spirit such as the tokolosh (a malevolent spirit in the Shona tradition). There is also a myth that children with albinism are the product of incest.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Harmful Practices
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- Further, it is also sometimes believed that albinism can be contracted by being in contact with albinism. The same myth is extended to things that have been touched by persons with albinism. There are also beliefs that if a pregnant woman looks at a person with albinism, even unintendedly, her unborn child will be born with albinism, unless she spits to neutralize the "curse". Persons spit at the person with albinism, on the floor, inside their shirts or on their stomachs in the case of pregnant women. One mother of a child with albinism reported that she gave birth to a child with albinism for having herself stared too hard at a person with albinism while fetching water during her pregnancy.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Harmful Practices
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Women
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Other myths seek an explanation in existing traditional beliefs associated with childbirth. It has been reported, for example, that the birth of children with albinism could be linked to the "snake inside the woman" turning away from that pregnancy. The snake is considered the protector of the pregnancy, monitoring it. Other explanations are that a child born with albinism was conceived when a woman had intercourse while she was menstruating. Further, some mythological beliefs seek to explain the condition by advancing that the mother of the child with albinism was struck by lightning or that albinism occurs when a mother does not consume enough salt in her diet.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Harmful Practices
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Women
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- The lack of understanding of the condition is also illustrated by myths that persons with albinism cannot have children who do not have albinism, or that they are sterile. Furthermore, it is often believed that persons with albinism can only be found within one`s proximate race; consequently, the worldwide status of the condition is often not generally known. This narrow understanding of the frequency of albinism feeds into myths which present the condition as a particular problem supernaturally aimed at specific women and families.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Women
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- It is evident that none of these myths are true, yet they demonstrate the lack of understanding of the genetic nature of albinism. This absence of scientific knowledge and the resort to myths to provide explanations concerning albinism lead to discrimination against persons with albinism and their families, mothers in particular. However, this should not lead to the conclusion that public education alone will eradicate these myths. Evidence shows that even where the truth and the scientific basis of albinism are known, they can co-exist with myths. Scientific explanations of the origins of albinism can answer the question "why?". But they fail to answer particular, localized and personal questions such as "why in this particular person?" and "why at this particular time and place?". The inability of science to answer these questions means that many turn to explanations proposed by supernatural beliefs such as witchcraft, and its practitioners, also known as witchdoctors.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Education
- Harmful Practices
- Personnes concernées
- Families
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- Myths attributing special powers or qualities to persons with albinism tend to dehumanize persons with albinism. Such myths do not seek to provide an explanation for the condition but aim to single out persons with albinism by imputing non-human or superhuman features to them.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- This is the case, for example, in the myths that persons with albinism cannot see during the day but have excellent vision at night, that desirable minerals such as mercury and gold flow through their veins or that they float on water and cannot drown. Other myths seeking to dehumanize persons with albinism include those portraying them as cannibals or monstrous creatures in certain folktales, literature and films, or claiming that they can communicate with non-earthly or extraterrestrial beings.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Environment
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- Furthermore, myths also portray children with albinism as symbols of evil spirits that need to be chased away. To do so, it appears that rituals are conducted whereby the child is forced to drink a potion or go through other ritual ceremonies and trials by ordeal.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Harmful Practices
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- Most potent is the belief that persons with albinism can be used in money-making rituals and for good luck charms and amulets. The crux of this belief is the notion that the body parts of persons with albinism - their skin, hair, genitals and limbs - can generate financial and other desirable gains when used for witchcraft rituals, practices and paraphernalia.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Harmful Practices
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- There is also the myth that intercourse with female persons with albinism can cure infertility, sexually transmitted infections and, in particular, HIV/AIDS. This has led to the rape and forced prostitution of women and girls with albinism, some of whom end up contracting various infections. Cases have been reported of young girls with albinism being prostituted by their family to customers who thereby expect to be cured of HIV/AIDS. It is believed that cases of this sort are underreported owing to various factors, including a pre-existing context of myth-led discrimination against persons with albinism, the stigma of reporting rape and the likelihood of further abuse. Such lack of reporting is bound to aggravate the already oppressed and disenfranchised situation of women and girls with albinism.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Harmful Practices
- Health
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Girls
- Women
- Youth
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- Beliefs that attribute supernatural qualities to persons with albinism serve only to dehumanize them. Such beliefs deify or demonize persons with albinism, and present as natural the exclusion, stigma and discrimination they face. This is the case, for example, in the widespread myth that persons with albinism do not die, but simply disappear. This myth is particularly disturbing because it justifies any sudden and inexplicable disappearance of a person with albinism from his or her community. This belief poses a strong risk to persons with albinism by proactively providing an acceptable explanation to the community for the disappearance of a person with albinism after an attack. Further, the existence of such a myth supports the hypothesis that violations of the life and security of persons with albinism predate the contemporary attention given to the issue.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- The myth that persons with albinism naturally have a short lifespan is also prevalent. It appears to supply an explanation for the relatively high frequency of early deaths among persons with albinism. Such early deaths, which particularly correlate with the myth that persons with albinism disappear, also appear to be strongly linked to the prevalence of skin cancer and the high number of early to midlife fatalities recorded among them on account of this preventable disease. There is an urgent need to address this disease through the provision of both preventive and curative measures that are accessible and affordable or free, particularly in rural areas.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Health
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
Preliminary survey on the root causes of attacks and discrimination against persons with albinism 2016, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- Similarly, myths that persons with albinism are destined to experience poor fortune and cannot do well in life are also a reflection of the discrimination they face on a daily basis. Unfortunately, too often, given the myth-driven historical context of discrimination, there is a disproportionately small number of persons with albinism able to disprove this myth with the example of their lives. Other beliefs, that persons with albinism are unable to learn or are mentally challenged, illustrate the particular discrimination they face regarding access to education, including persistent bullying and the absence of reasonable accommodation for the vision impairment that is often part of albinism.
- Organe
- Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons with albinism
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personnes concernées
- All
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe