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SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- Sexual violence is often used to achieve military, political and social objectives through, for instance, the targeting of specific ethnicities or terrorizing populations to force displacement. Data indicate that children are particularly vulnerable to sexual violence in and around refugee and internally displaced population settings, and when they are directly associated with armed forces and groups. Child survivors of sexual violence suffer both physical and psychological consequences, which are often debilitating. This is particularly true for girls who have been raped or forced to "marry" combatants, as well as for their children born of rape.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2012, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- Trial Chamber I accepted the approach taken by the Pre-Trial Chamber and suggested by the Special Representative, according to which both conscription and enlistment are forms of recruitment, in that they refer to the incorporation of a boy or a girl under the age of 15 years into an armed group, whether coercively or voluntarily. The Special Representative argued in her brief to the Court that the distinction between voluntary enlistment and forced recruitment was a distinction without meaning, as even the most voluntary of acts could be a desperate attempt to survive by children with a limited number of options. In such circumstances, any consent given by a child could not be regarded as truly voluntary in the full sense of the word. Whether the child enlisted or was conscripted, the line between voluntary and involuntary recruitment was legally irrelevant and practically superficial in the context of children’s association with armed forces or armed groups in times of conflict.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2012, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- [Reparations for children and the restoration of children’s rights]: Reparations programmes should bear in mind that victims who were children at the time of the commission of the violation may face stigmatization or marginalization as former child soldiers or forced wives, leading to the social exclusion of, in particular, girl child soldiers. Community members may also resent former child soldiers, who they feel are being rewarded for having taken part in hostilities, thus reinforcing existing divisions. The child perpetrator dilemma tends to be confusing for both the child and those who may have been their victims. Reparations, however, could also assist in signalling that past modes of operation will no longer be tolerated and could contribute to dismantling the relationship between former commanders and their victims. A public statement by community leaders on the legal findings of responsibility, followed by an intensive awareness-raising campaign on the judgement and a declaration to the effect that child victims of recruitment should not be held legally or morally responsible for their actions as combatants during the conflict, would be the best guarantee of non-repetition.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2016, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- The effect of armed conflict on children during the reporting period was unyielding, with the Central African Republic, Israel and the State of Palestine, Libya, South Sudan, the Syrian Arab Republic and Yemen serving as regrettable examples where the situation worsened to a significant degree or saw no improvement. In the Central African Republic, a breakdown in law and order led to more intense violence between armed groups and the large-scale forced displacement of children, particularly since September. Nearly 2,000 children have been separated from armed groups by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and its partners in the Central African Republic in 2015. These children are now at risk of being re-recruited owing to the persistent instability and lack of appropriate reintegration programmes. In South Sudan, witnesses and survivors of government offensives between May and August 2015 gave horrifying accounts of children being thrown into burning houses, run over by military vehicles and hanged from trees, and of girls being killed if they resisted rape. In several instances, boys were reportedly found castrated and killed after attacks. In Yemen, heavy aerial bombardments and ground operations since the end of March 2015 have dramatically increased the number of child casualties and had a devastating impact on access to education in an already highly precarious environment. Nearly all parties to the conflict on the ground in Yemen have engaged in widespread child recruitment, with information indicating that four times as many children were recruited in the six-month period from March to September 2015 than in the whole of 2014. In the Syrian Arab Republic and Iraq, the increasingly complex conflict and persistent violations of international law are taking an ever-increasing toll on the civilian population, as evidenced by rising displacement and refugee outflows. Libya is also facing worsening instability, violence and localized conflicts, and the rising tensions and violence in the State of Palestine and Israel show no signs of abating at the end of the reporting period.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2014, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- Early consideration of children's issues in peace-making processes can also facilitate the planning and mobilization of resources. For instance, the release and reintegration of children associated with armed forces or groups is strongly linked to security arrangements in peace processes. It is also an integral part of the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration process, which requires a specific focus on provisions for children, in particular girls. In that regard, the Special Representative commends the General Assembly for its continued call to States and regional organizations to support the inclusion of such commitments in peace agreements (see resolution 68/147). However, this aspect often remains neglected.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2015, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- During the reporting period, extreme violence rose to an unprecedented level. The impact on children has multiplied in a number of countries, such as Afghanistan, Iraq, Nigeria and the Syrian Arab Republic. Children were victims of grave violations and were often forced to witness or take part in beheadings, immolations and summary executions. They were also indoctrinated, recruited and forced to be suicide bombers or human shields. Girls were subjected to additional abuses, including sexual slavery, abduction and forced marriage. The violations often took place in the context of mass abductions. Such brutal tactics had severe repercussions on children, which will have lasting effects for generations to come.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2015
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- Education has a unique potential to generate an environment where attitudes condoning violence can be changed and non-violent behaviour can be learned. Schools are well placed to break patterns of violence and provide skills to communicate, to negotiate and support peaceful solutions to conflicts. However, this potential is in marked contrast with the daily reality of millions of children. Within and around educational settings, both girls and boys continue to be exposed to violence, including verbal abuse, intimidation, physical aggression, and in some cases sexual abuse. At times they are also victims of gang violence and assault.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Education
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 108
- Paragraph text
- Violence is a frequent dimension of children's lives. It occurs in various forms and contexts and has serious and long-lasting consequences on their well-being and development. Prevention and elimination efforts need to address those dynamics and invest in the social inclusion of girls and boys at special risk, for whom the multiple dimensions of deprivation go hand in hand with a cumulative exposure to violence. Enhancing families' capacity to protect and care for their children and preventing child abandonment and placement in residential care remain crucial dimensions of that process.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Families
- Girls
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 121
- Paragraph text
- Violence is a frequent dimension in children's lives. It occurs in various forms and contexts and has serious and long-lasting consequences on their well-being and development. Prevention and elimination efforts need to address these dynamics and invest in the social inclusion of girls and boys at special risk, for whom the multiple dimensions of deprivation go hand in hand with a cumulative exposure to violence. Enhancing families' capacity to protect and care for their children, and preventing child abandonment and placement in residential care remain crucial dimensions of this process.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Families
- Girls
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 31b
- Paragraph text
- [The urgency of safeguarding children's freedom from violence has certainly not diminished and the magnitude of this phenomenon remains high and deeply distressing. Significant United Nations reports illustrate this well:] In the past few years there has been a marked increase in trafficking in children. From 2007 to 2010, numbers rose from 20 to 27 per cent; in some regions more than 60 per cent of detected victims are children, as indicated in the UNODC 2012 Global Report on Trafficking in Persons and girls are particularly affected. Child trafficking is a serious form of violence; but it is also a source of incidents of abuse, as children are enslaved into prostitution, sold into marriage, coerced to work in plantations or deep-sea fishing, forced to beg on the street, or recruited by criminal networks.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 31c
- Paragraph text
- [The urgency of safeguarding children's freedom from violence has certainly not diminished and the magnitude of this phenomenon remains high and deeply distressing. Significant United Nations reports illustrate this well:] Exploitation through labour remains particularly worrying. As stressed by the International Labour Organization in the 2013 report Marking progress against child labour - Global estimates and trends 2000-2012, 168 million children worldwide are involved in exploitative work; almost half of them are of primary school age and more than 11 million are girls involved in domestic work, often exposed to excessive working hours and hazardous tasks, as well as to violence, abuse and exploitation.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 31d
- Paragraph text
- [The urgency of safeguarding children's freedom from violence has certainly not diminished and the magnitude of this phenomenon remains high and deeply distressing. Significant United Nations reports illustrate this well:] Early and forced marriage affects countless children around the world. Girls are particularly at risk. According to the 2014 UNICEF publication Ending Child Marriage: Progress and Prospects, more than 700 million women worldwide were married before their eighteenth birthday; and more than one third entered into union before the age of 15. Girls living in rural areas or belonging to the most impoverished families face the highest risk.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 24b
- Paragraph text
- [The agenda of the Special Representative has been guided by four strategic priorities: consolidating progress in and mainstreaming the implementation of the recommendations of the United Nations study; enhancing awareness and consolidating knowledge on violence against children; reinforcing regional processes and national implementation efforts; and addressing emerging concerns. The following significant results have been achieved:] Enhanced awareness and consolidated knowledge to prevent and respond to violence against children through international expert consultations, the development of research and the release of thematic studies on strategic topics such as violence in schools and in the justice system, restorative justice for children, the rights of girls in the criminal justice system, and child-sensitive counselling and reporting and complaint mechanisms, as well as reports on the protection of children from harmful practices and from armed violence and organized crime and on opportunities and risks associated with information and communications technologies. Child-friendly materials were also produced to inform and empower children about their right to freedom from violence, most recently in Braille;
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- Developed by the Southern African Development Community Parliamentary Forum, the Model Law has the potential to inform action to end child marriage. This is an area where incremental progress is being achieved, for example with recent legislative developments in the Gambia and the United Republic of Tanzania. In 2015, Malawi adopted the Marriage, Divorce and Family Relations Act, which raised the minimum age of marriage to 18 years. The social mobilization around that process and the important partnership developed with traditional leaders helped to raise awareness of the new law and achieve important results, including a landmark initiative led by a female traditional chief that resulted in the initial annulment of 330 child marriages in a single district and since then has broken up 850 child marriages and banned the sexual initiation of girls.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Girls
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2017, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- This is no time for complacency. Around the world, millions of girls and boys of all ages continue to be exposed to appalling levels of violence, in their neighbourhoods, in their schools, in institutions aimed at their care and protection, and also within the home.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Girls
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2016, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- This is no time for complacency. Around the world, millions of girls and boys of all ages continue to be exposed to appalling levels of violence, in their neighbourhoods, in schools, in institutions aimed at their care and protection and within the home.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Girls
- Année
- 2016
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2011, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- In her previous reports, the Special Representative has consistently noted with concern the increasing trend of attacks on education. Such acts include the partial or total destruction of schools and other education facilities and threatened or actual targeting of education personnel. Attacks on education undermine the establishment of a protective environment for children and their chances for a better future. In addition, violent attacks on girls and targeted attacks on their education undermine their role in society and prevent them from exercising their rights.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2011
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2010, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- Beyond the destruction of educational facilities through deliberate targeting or as collateral damage during armed confrontation, attacks against education also present other faces. For instance, there are reports of the use of acid and gas on girl students on their way to or at school, as well as shootings and suicide bombings in school premises. In some contexts, schools are a prime recruiting ground of children by armed groups. Elsewhere, school buildings are used as training centres or as military bases, turning them into high-value military targets.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Education
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2011, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- Data and research are indispensable if we are to expose the hidden face of violence and address its root causes; understand perceptions and attitudes regarding this phenomenon, including among girls and boys of various ages and social backgrounds; identify children at greater risk and effectively support them; and assess the economic costs of violence and the social gains that can be achieved through steady investment in prevention. These are areas where consolidated partnerships and the acceleration of efforts will remain of the essence.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2011
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 136
- Paragraph text
- Recognizing the relevance of that area, the Special Representative welcomes the call by the sixty-ninth session of the General Assembly for a global study on children deprived of their liberty, and remains fully committed to contributing to its development. The global study will provide a strategic opportunity to prevent girls' deprivation of liberty, and associated risks of stigmatization and violence; safeguard girls' rights as victims, witnesses and alleged perpetrators; and promote their long-lasting recovery and reintegration.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2015
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- Young victims are often the target of these practices. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, between 2011 and 2012 there was a 70 per cent increase in child sexual abuse material focused on girls under the age of 10 years, and abuse material involving toddlers or babies is not uncommon. Once online, child abuse images can circulate indefinitely, alongside the risk of perpetuating victims' harm. The circulation of such images contributes to the hypersexualization of children and in turn fuels the demand for sexual abuse material.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Infants
- Youth
- Année
- 2014
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2012, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- The Chamber also decided to apply a broad interpretation of the term “participate actively in hostilities” to ensure justice and protection for all children associated with armed forces or armed groups. The Court held that the term included a wide range of individuals, from those on the front line (who participated directly) to the boys and girls who were involved in multiple roles that supported the combatants. The Court further refined that interpretation, using a case-by-case determination and adopting a double test: whether support was given and whether the support provided to the combatants exposed the child to real danger as a potential target. The Chamber made a clear distinction between the term “direct participation in hostilities”, which determines combatant status under international humanitarian law, and the term “actively participating in hostilities”, which is the criteria applicable to the use of children in hostilities, holding that the latter was to be interpreted broadly, and without conferring combatant status on those children.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2013, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- If a peace agreement exclusively refers to the separation of child combatants, many children and youth, especially girls and those serving in so-called support functions, in particular victims of sexual violence, are at risk of being excluded from adequate reintegration assistance. Peace agreements should acknowledge the special needs of girls and provide for the establishment of rehabilitation programmes, health-care and counselling services for all boys and girls separated from armed forces and groups. Specific consideration should also be given to concerns regarding the protection of vulnerable children, such as refugee and internally displaced children, children separated from their families, unaccompanied minors and children orphaned by war.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2013
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2015, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- Extremist groups have benefited from advances in technology, which have facilitated their rapid growth and led to the expansion of their territorial control, often across national borders. The military response to the threat has also raised protection challenges for children. Children caught in the middle of counter-terrorism operations have been killed and maimed and their homes and schools destroyed. In some cases, State-allied militias have been mobilized, resulting in boys and sometimes girls being used in support roles and even as combatants. Despite international calls for due process and respect for the rule of law, counter-terrorism operations often lack those elements. The Special Representative recalls that efforts to counteract extremist groups must be carried out in full compliance with international humanitarian, refugee and human rights law and must ensure that children are treated primarily as victims.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2015
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2015, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- Sexual violence continues to be a prominent violation of children's rights in most situations of conflict, affecting both girls and boys dramatically. Rape and other forms of sexual violence are committed in the context of attacks against the civilian population and children are usually targeted due to their vulnerability and frequently because of their ethnicity. Violations are also committed in the context of recruitment and use of children and abductions. Girls are particularly vulnerable to abduction or recruitment by armed groups to be used for sexual purposes. Parties to conflict use sexual violence against children as a tactic to instil fear so as to assert control over people and land. It is also an increasing trend used by extremist groups to terrorize populations. For example, Boko Haram has been abducting girls from schools, and reports indicate that those girls have been forcibly married to local commanders.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2015
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- This is an area where urgent action is required. Existing data sets on children provide a basis to build upon, but they need to be integrated beyond sectors and individual disciplines, promoting a holistic consideration of the child. Gaps in child protection areas need to be addressed and monitoring tools and indicators expanded, including to consider boys and girls of all ages and in all settings, and to address those at greatest risk. Moreover, those efforts need to incorporate children's views and perspectives, and capture their experience, and dynamic and evolving free agency. This is crucial to understand the hidden face of violence and effectively address its root causes.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2010
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- The Special Representative participated in key policy discussions to promote the consideration of violence against children as a cross-cutting concern on the United Nations agenda. This included cooperation with UNODC on violence against children in the justice system, during the thematic debate held by the Human Rights Council, and with UN-Women on gender-based violence and the legal protection of girls from violence and harmful practices, during the Commission on the Status of Women and in the lead-up to the International Day of the Girl Child. Strategic cooperation was also pursued with United Nations partners to prevent and minimize the impact of armed and gang violence on children, including through policies that help to reduce the availability of and access to small arms.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Année
- 2012
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Violence against girls and boys is also a concern echoed by the Secretary-General in his report mentioned in paragraph 3 above.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Gender
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Girls
- Année
- 2015
Paragraphe
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2017, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- An important dimension of the Graça Machel study was the attention given to the distinct effects of armed conflict upon girls as compared to boys. In the past 20 years, there has been progress in addressing the impact of conflict on girls, including through developments in the normative framework and enhanced accountability efforts for the crimes of rape and other forms of sexual violence. However, a significant number of the challenges that were identified in the study two decades ago still remain, as the Human Rights Council acknowledged during the reporting period when it expressed outrage at the persistence and pervasiveness of all forms of violence against girls worldwide.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Girls
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2011, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- For vulnerable groups of children, including girls, children with disabilities, children belonging to minority or indigenous groups, and children affected by HIV and AIDS, these efforts must be redoubled. Such children face particular challenges in gaining access to schooling and in remaining in school. They are more likely to be subjected to violence or to be disregarded when they seek advice about or report incidents of violence. As a result, they may end up choosing not to report violence for fear of drawing attention to themselves.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Girls
- Persons with disabilities
- Année
- 2011
Paragraphe