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Right to health in early childhood - Right to survival and development 2015, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- Low birth weight, lack of breastfeeding, undernutrition, overcrowded living conditions, indoor air pollution, unsafe drinking water and food and poor hygiene practices are the main immediate risk factors for pneumonia and diarrhoea. However, while such diseases are proximate causes of death and are duly reflected in statistics, poverty and inequalities are the root causes, or underlying social determinants. Poverty increases young children's exposure to risks such as poor nutrition, violence, inadequate sanitation, lower levels of maternal education, inadequate stimulation in the home, increased maternal stress and depression and, at the same time, limits access to health and other services. In 2013 the under-5 mortality rate in low-income countries was more than 12 times the average rate in high-income countries. There are also significant disparities in under-5 mortality and morbidity within countries, driven by poverty, gender and other inequalities. Low levels of literacy and poor access to education among women correlate strongly with high rates of under-5 mortality.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Health
- Poverty
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Women
- Youth
- Année
- 2015
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
The right to social security (Art. 9) 2007, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- The right to social security plays an important role in supporting the realization of many of the rights in the Covenant, but other measures are necessary to complement the right to social security. For example, States parties should provide social services for rehabilitation of the injured and persons with disabilities in accordance with article 6 of the Covenant, provide child care and welfare, advice and assistance with family planning and the provision of special facilities for persons with disabilities and older persons (article 10); take measures to combat poverty and social exclusion and provide supporting social services (article 11); and adopt measures to prevent disease and improve health facilities, goods and services (article 12). States parties should also consider schemes that provide social protection to individuals belonging to disadvantaged and marginalized groups, for example crop or natural disaster insurance for small farmers or livelihood protection for self-employed persons in the informal economy. However, the adoption of measures to realize other rights in the Covenant will not in itself act as a substitute for the creation of social security schemes.
- Organe
- Committee on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Thèmes
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Older persons
- Persons with disabilities
- Année
- 2007
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
The right of persons with disabilities to social protection 2015, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- Fifth, the eligibility criteria of social protection programmes should not include factors that could directly or indirectly exclude persons with disabilities. For instance, in many countries child nutrition programmes operate only at childcare centres and schools. Since children with disabilities have fewer opportunities to attend school, many of them lack access to nutrition programmes. Older persons with disabilities are also usually excluded from receiving disability benefits owing programmes are targeted towards the poor. Social protection programmes target persons with disabilities either as a separate group through disability-specific programmes; by explicitly incorporating them within the targeting criteria of mainstream programmes; or by including them within groups at risk of poverty. Programmes can also either target all persons with disabilities, only certain age groups, or focus on a particular level or type of impairment. to their age, yet pensions and other available benefits may not fully address disability-related needs. Therefore, States must take into account the situation of persons with disabilities when targeting specific age groups.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Older persons
- Persons with disabilities
- Année
- 2015
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- Migration can aggravate such a situation. In affected countries, many children live with only one or without any parent and in many cases deprivation is pervasive, with high rates of child poverty and limited access to social services to prevent and respond to violent incidents.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2015
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- One of the lessons from the Millennium Development Goal process is that, despite important progress made, countries affected by violence tend to lag behind. In these countries there is a higher risk of poverty and malnourishment, higher levels of child mortality, poorer health and higher rates of children out of school.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2014
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- Third, violence does not take place in a vacuum. Indeed, children's vulnerability, as well as genuine opportunities for preventing violence and for responding to it are strongly affected by such important factors as poverty and vulnerability, climate change and natural disasters, and armed violence and organized crime.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Environment
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2012
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- Nonetheless, the births of nearly 51 million children were not registered in 2007. Children from the poorest households are twice as likely to be unregistered at birth as children from the richest households.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2010
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- Domestic violence, the absence of one or both parents and poverty mean that it is no longer the case that families always constitute a reference point and safe haven for children.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Année
- 2010
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- [Poverty takes an especially heavy toll on children, as evidenced by the following figures cited by UNICEF:] 101 million children are not attending primary school, with more girls than boys missing out.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Année
- 2010
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- [Poverty takes an especially heavy toll on children, as evidenced by the following figures cited by UNICEF:] 1 billion children are deprived of one or more services essential to survival and development;
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2010
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- [Thanks to these efforts, more data are now available on long-term trends and specific aspects of some types of sale and sexual exploitation of children, including:] The exacerbation of these phenomena due to poverty, the HIV/AIDS pandemic, conflicts, large-scale natural disasters and displaced persons;
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Environment
- Health
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2010
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- A target on providing social protection to reduce the vulnerabilities of the poor, including marginalized groups, including migrants, is essential. Indicators could include the proportion of migrants with access to, and cross-border portability of, earned social benefits (e.g. pensions). Under article 9 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, States recognize the right of everyone to social security. In its general comment No. 19, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights defined the right to social security as encompassing "the right to access and maintain benefits, whether in cash or in kind, without discrimination in order to secure protection, inter alia, from (a) lack of work-related income caused by sickness, disability, maternity, employment injury, unemployment, old age, or death of a family member; (b) unaffordable access to health care; (c) insufficient family support, particularly for children and adult dependents". It went on to say that "the right to social security includes the right not to be subject to arbitrary and unreasonable restrictions of existing social security coverage, whether obtained publicly or privately, as well as the right to equal enjoyment of adequate protection from social risks and contingencies".
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2014
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Homelessness as a global human rights crisis that demands an urgent global response 2016, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- Homelessness disproportionately affects particular groups, including women, young people, children, indigenous peoples, people with disabilities, migrants and refugees, the working poor, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people, each in different ways, but with common structural causes. These include: (a) the retreat by all levels of government from social protection and social housing and the privatization of services, infrastructure, housing and public space; (b) the abandonment of the social function of land and housing; (c) the failure to address growing inequalities in income, wealth and access to land and property; (d) the adoption of fiscal and development policies that support deregulation and real estate speculation and prevent the development of affordable housing options; and (e), in the face of urbanization, the marginalization and mistreatment of those who are most precariously housed in informal settlements, living in temporary overcrowded structures, without access to water, sanitation or other basic services and living under the constant threat of eviction.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Youth
- Année
- 2016
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
The implementation of the right to social protection through the adoption of social protection floors 2014, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- This reading is reinforced by the fact that the earlier provisions of Goal 1 seek to resolve the competition between the two ways of measuring poverty by endorsing both, but in very different terms. Target 1.1 follows the World Bank by calling for the eradication, by 2030, of "extreme poverty for all people everywhere, currently measured as people living on less than $1.25 a day". Given that this is a very low standard, the aspiration is a limited one. But when it comes to "men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions", the aim in target 1.2 is only to "reduce at least by half the proportion" by 2030. In other words, that target implies acceptance that as many as half of those currently living in extreme poverty, as measured by the multidimensional approach described above, will continue to do so beyond 2030. For a planet with immense wealth and one that is able to mobilize vast resources very rapidly for projects that further the interests of the elites, that is a shameful goal and one that is clearly inconsistent with the recognition that all persons are entitled to at least the minimum core of economic and social rights.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Men
- Women
- Année
- 2014
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
The right of persons with disabilities to social protection 2015, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- As a foundation for any national social protection system, these floors must ensure, at a minimum, access to essential health care (including maternity care) and to a basic level of income security for (a) children - including access to food, education, care and other necessary goods and services; (b) persons of active age who are unable to earn sufficient income, including persons with disabilities; and (c) older persons. The ILO recommendation concerning national floors of social protection, 2012 (No. 202) identifies as priority areas of attention the prevention and alleviation of poverty, vulnerability and social exclusion, and sets forth guidelines for implementing and monitoring national strategies that are participatory, country-led, sustainable and regularly reviewed. It also provides guidance to States on progressively providing higher levels of protection to as many people as possible and as soon as possible, reflecting States' economic and fiscal capacities. The recommendation also recognizes the principles of non-discrimination, gender equality and responsiveness to specific needs, and emphasizes that any initiative should support people with special needs and other potentially disadvantaged groups.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Older persons
- Persons with disabilities
- Année
- 2015
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Indigenous children and their rights under the Convention 2009, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- The Committee notes with concern that disproportionately high numbers of indigenous children live in extreme poverty, a condition which has a negative impact on their survival and development. The Committee is furthermore concerned over the high infant and child mortality rates as well as malnutrition and diseases among indigenous children. Article 4 obliges States parties to address economic, social and cultural rights to the maximum extent of their available resources and where needed with international cooperation. Articles 6 and 27 provide the right of children to survival and development as well as an adequate standard of living. States should assist parents and others responsible for the indigenous child to implement this right by providing culturally appropriate material assistance and support programmes, particularly with regard to nutrition, clothing and housing. The Committee stresses the need for States parties to take special measures to ensure that indigenous children enjoy the right to an adequate standard of living and that these, together with progress indicators, be developed in partnership with indigenous peoples, including children.
- Organe
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Families
- Année
- 2009
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention 1999, para. 6
- Paragraph text
- Recognizing that child labour is to a great extent caused by poverty and that the long-term solution lies in sustained economic growth leading to social progress, in particular poverty alleviation and universal education, and
- Organe
- International Labour Organization
- Type de document
- International treaty
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 1999
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Children in street situations 2017, para. 8
- Paragraph text
- Causes, prevalence and experiences of children in street situations differ within and between States. Inequalities based on economic status, race and gender are among the structural causes of the emergence and exclusion of children in street situations. These are exacerbated by material poverty, inadequate social protection, poorly targeted investment, corruption and fiscal (tax and expenditure) policies that reduce or eliminate the ability of poorer people to move out of poverty. Abrupt destabilization, caused by conflict, famine, epidemic, natural disaster or forced eviction, or events leading to displacement or forced migration, further compound the effects of structural causes. Other causes include: violence, abuse, exploitation and neglect at home or in care or educational (including religious) institutions; the death of caregivers; child relinquishment (including through HIV/AIDS); unemployment of caregivers; precarious families; family breakdown; polygamy; exclusion from education; substance abuse and mental ill-health (of children or families); intolerance and discrimination, including against children with disabilities, children accused of witchcraft, former child soldiers rejected by families and children cast out from families as a result of questioning their sexuality or identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex or asexual; and families’ inability to accept children’s resistance to harmful practices, such as child marriage and female genital mutilation.
- Organe
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Thèmes
- Movement
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- LGBTQI+
- Année
- 2017
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
Extreme poverty and human rights on universal basic income 2017, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- Unconditional cash transfers, although without strings attached, differ from basic income schemes in several respects. First, they are generally paid to households and may vary accordingly. Second, unconditional cash transfers often target the poor or other categories such as children or the elderly. Third, the amount of the unconditional cash transfers often differs, depending on the recipient’s situation.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Older persons
- Année
- 2017
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- Violence associated with gangs, including extortion, physical violence, homicides and disappearances, has a shattering effect on childhood and adolescence. It compromises access to education and health services, recreation and social support; it is associated with lower levels of school enrolment and retention and higher levels of poverty; and it aggravates the risk of domestic violence and the vulnerability of children.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2015
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- Violence compromises social progress and is often associated with poor rule of law, weak law enforcement, high levels of organized crime and homicide rates, and also with a culture of impunity. For children, violence goes hand in hand with deprivation, with high risks of poor health, poor school performance and long-term welfare dependency.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2014
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- Violence compromises social progress. It is often associated with poor rule of law and weak enforcement, high levels of organized crime and homicide rates, and a culture of impunity. For children, violence goes hand in hand with deprivation, high risks of poor health, poor school performance and long-term welfare dependency, and hampers the enjoyment of their rights.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Health
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2014
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- One lesson from the past years has been that, despite important progress made in the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals, countries affected by violence tend to lag behind: in these countries, there is a higher risk of poverty and malnourishment, higher levels of child mortality, and higher rates of children out of school.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2014
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2014, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- The most vulnerable children are at the greatest risk of violence, including girls, children with disabilities, children who migrate, children who are confined to institutions, and children whose poverty and social exclusion expose them to deprivation, to neglect and, at times, to the inherent dangers of life on the streets.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Girls
- Persons with disabilities
- Année
- 2014
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- This situation is at times aggravated by the impact of migration. As highlighted during the Special Representative's visit to El Salvador, in June 2013, 40 per cent of Salvadoran children live with only one or even without any parent, as a result of migration or abandonment by their family. In many cases, deprivation is the norm at home, with one in every two children living in poverty, and with limited access to social services of quality to prevent and respond to violence.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Movement
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Année
- 2013
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- Violence associated with gang violence, including extortion, physical violence, homicides and disappearances, dramatically hamper childhood and adolescent development. It compromises access to education and health services, recreation and social support, and is associated with lower levels of school enrolment and retention, and higher levels of poverty. In turn, deprivation aggravates the risk of increased levels of domestic violence and children's vulnerability.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Education
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Adolescents
- Children
- Année
- 2013
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 107
- Paragraph text
- Lethal violence and lack of security also compromise human development, being associated with higher levels of poverty and hunger, lower primary education enrolment and higher infant mortality rates. This pattern compromises the safeguard of children's safety and wellbeing, contributes to increased levels of domestic violence and may disrupt access to health services, education and social support, deepening children's vulnerability and deprivation.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2013
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 103
- Paragraph text
- Uncertainty associated with displacement, reduced options to escape hardship and pressing needs to secure survival and generate family income are some important factors behind violence, psychosocial distress, sexual abuse and the economic exploitation of children. Weakened protection in times of disaster, such as floods or earthquakes, may increase children's vulnerability to abandonment, sale or trafficking and place adolescents at increased risk of recruitment into gang activity and urban violence.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personnes concernées
- Adolescents
- Children
- Année
- 2013
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 95
- Paragraph text
- The relationship between poverty and violence is multifaceted and also strongly interconnected. Humiliation, bullying, stigmatization and exploitation are frequent components of the daily life of children growing up in poverty. Violence and deprivation have a cumulative impact on their development, with high risks of poor health, poor school performance and long-term welfare dependency.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2013
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 94
- Paragraph text
- Children are at the heart of the Millennium Declaration and Development Goals. Progress in their achievement contributes to a protective and safe environment for children and is essential for children's harmonious development; at the same time, violence remains a serious factor which hampers the effective attainment of the goals, especially for the most excluded children, including as a result of poverty, disability, HIV or gender.
- Organe
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Type de document
- SRSG report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Année
- 2013
- Date ajouter
- 19 août 2019
Paragraphe