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Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- When administrative or national quasi-judicial mechanisms do not exist or are not able to successfully resolve a dispute, the right to an effective remedy requires that people whose rights to water and sanitation have been affected be able to turn to a court. A right of judicial review as a last resort is sometimes indispensable. In this context, it is critical that judicial systems uphold the justiciability of the human rights to water and sanitation in line with international human rights law.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- The number of States with a regulatory framework for water and sanitation services is increasing and so is the contingent of regulatory actors. However, there is no universal regulatory model. Regulation should be adapted to local circumstances, needs and challenges. International human rights law does not prescribe a particular choice of regulatory framework. What is essential from a human rights perspective is that those carrying out regulatory functions be immune to pressures from any illegitimate interests and that the main objectives of regulation be aligned with the human rights to drinking water and sanitation.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Regardless of the regulatory model chosen, currently most water and sanitation regulatory frameworks typically incorporate aspects of economic regulation (asset management planning and tariff-setting), of quality of service regulation and of drinking water quality regulation. Some may also include aspects of environmental regulation, mainly water abstraction and wastewater discharges, of user interface regulation or of legal and contractual regulation. The fact that different forms of regulation have been adopted for specific purposes without explicit mention of the human rights to water and sanitation standards or principles does not necessarily mean that those forms of regulation do not take into consideration at least partially these standards and principles. In this context, it is essential to emphasize a distinction between fully incorporating the human rights to water and sanitation into regulatory frameworks and choosing some selected aspects of it to comply with. For States to fulfil their human rights obligations, the whole human rights to water and sanitation framework must be reflected in States’ regulatory norms and activities.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- In some countries, regulatory frameworks include the model of self-regulation, whereby public service providers regulate their own activities, set tariffs and quality standards and monitor their own performance. Many countries with public service providers have not seen the necessity of creating a separate regulatory function for the water sector. In El Salvador, the National Water Mains and Sewers Administration, the main service provider in urban areas, sets its own quality of service standards, while the Ministry of Health monitors the quality of drinking water and the Ministry of Economics approves changes to water rates (see A/HRC/33/49/Add.1, para. 25). In Tajikistan, the Ministry of Energy and Water Resources has the overall responsibility for guaranteeing the national drinking water supply and coordinating relevant actors in the water sector (see A/HRC/33/49/Add.2, para. 10). It is also responsible for the adoption and implementation of State programmes for the development of drinking water supply systems, the establishment and regulation of water tariffs and the provision of public information.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- Pursuant to Human Rights Council resolutions 27/7 of 2014 and 33/10 of 2016, the Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation, Léo Heller, was mandated to work on identifying challenges and obstacles to the full realization of those rights, as well as protection gaps, good practices and enabling factors. The subject of the present report is the regulation of water and sanitation services in the context of realization of human rights and the report aims to discuss the essential role that regulatory frameworks can play in the implementation of these human rights at the national level. In this respect, it outlines the legal obligations and responsibilities of States, regulatory actors and service providers in progressively realizing the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation through regulatory frameworks.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- The incorporation of the human rights to water and sanitation into national legal frameworks can be done at different levels and using different instruments, including the constitution, legislation, policies and regulations. States have an immediate and legally binding obligation to take deliberate, concrete and targeted steps to the maximum of their available resources to achieve progressively the full realization of these human rights (see art. 2 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights). This includes the obligation to adopt legislative measures, as explicitly stipulated in the Covenant, and the obligation to take steps to establish regulatory frameworks informed by the standards and principles that underpin those rights.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 8
- Paragraph text
- The analysis carried out is based on a framework that focuses on aligning the life cycle of development cooperation with the human rights to water and sanitation. The Special Rapporteur proposes the concept of a “human rights development cycle”, as presented in the figure below. In this hypothetical framework, stages are identified where funders can place guarantees and safeguards to ensure that their development cooperation will fully incorporate human rights. Within the human rights development cycle, it is expected that funders entrench the human rights principles and standards in each particular stage and in an integrated fashion throughout all stages. The framework constitutes a non-linear approach, since stages are not necessarily sequential. Notably, assessment and monitoring play a key role in feeding back into previous stages of the cycle and improving funders’ capacity to contribute to the progressive realization of the human rights to water and sanitation.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- Improvements to partner States’ water and sanitation services funded through development cooperation, even when provided without an obligation for full repayment, often entail an increased need for revenues from tariffs or taxes to keep those services operational and sustainable in the long term. Some funders request or even impose an obligation on partner States to fully or partially recover the costs to operate and maintain such systems through tariffs. Consequently, depending on how tariffs for water and sanitation services are set upon completion, these projects can have an impact on affordable access to services. When funders impose conditionalities requiring full cost recovery through tariffs and the result is higher service fees for users, the affected users must be able to petition the amount of the tariff and seek recourse. If they are not able to do so, the public authorities are therefore not protecting users from the adverse impact of unaffordable services, and the funder shares responsibility for facilitating the creation of such circumstances.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Economic Rights
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- One project, in which the funder provided budget support to the partner State, consists of maintaining dialogue among government authorities with the aim of supporting sector reform. However, the process seemed to apply a non-participatory approach as relevant stakeholders, including local governments and civil society organizations, were apparently excluded from the discussion of key decisions. That may be a source of future conflict and could jeopardize the legitimacy of the agreements that will be made. The human rights to water and sanitation require funders to take measures to ensure meaningful participation by all stakeholders and to support partner States in developing methods to promote participation (for example, multi-stakeholder dialogues involving the authorities concerned, civil society organizations, private sector entities and marginalized groups). Such dialogues can contribute to building political will, to planning a more appropriate restructuring in the sector recognizing the diverse needs of various groups and their rights, and to creating opportunities to hold public authorities accountable.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Similar to the broad conclusion reached in the first report (A/71/302, paras. 41-44), the Special Rapporteur finds that the explicit commitment to human rights in the six funders’ policies constitutes a heterogeneous patchwork. While some funders’ policies consider the human rights framework, particularly the human rights to water and sanitation, others are only sporadically aligned with those rights and reveal varying degrees of clarity regarding their application to development cooperation. However, even in cases where the human rights framework was adequately incorporated in funders’ policies, the Special Rapporteur observed significant gaps in the application of this framework during project implementation. The root causes of such gaps are varied, including non-implementation of applicable policies at the project stage, non-integration of the human rights framework in the funder’s policies and tools and the absence of a human rights approach in the project selection and design stages.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- In the context of development cooperation, the right to participation is relevant at two stages. First, the participation of a diversity of stakeholders is relevant during the processes of planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation and assessment (A/71/302, para. 17). Such participatory processes should involve input from national stakeholders and people whose rights are affected that can meaningfully affect the decision-making process in all aspects of development cooperation activities. Second, establishing participatory processes between the funder and the beneficiaries at the level of project implementation is key. If the knowledge and expectations of beneficiaries are not incorporated into those processes, cooperation will never improve their access to water, sanitation and hygiene in a manner consistent with their cultural values and human rights principles (ibid.).
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- UNICEF has in place several policies and relevant strategic plans for water and sanitation that are based on the human rights framework. UNICEF has adapted those policies and strategies to meet the Sustainable Development Goals. That has important implications for its approach to development cooperation in the water and sanitation sector, as it determines the service levels that UNICEF will uphold and aim to implement.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- Furthermore, the intervention framework establishes targets for an intended number of beneficiaries through projects and defines a proportion of projects or funding to support relevant elements of the human rights to water and sanitation (for example, to ensure that 50 per cent of all projects funded have a positive impact on gender).
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- Monitoring is essential for understanding current levels of access to water and sanitation services — by focusing on issues such as affordability and water quality, identifying barriers to access for unserved or underserved populations, and ensuring that participatory processes are inclusive. National and local monitoring processes gather information that helps identify drivers and bottlenecks, highlight gaps, and assess strengths and challenges, and as such are essential for the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 91b
- Paragraph text
- [In the project selection, design and implementation stages, the Special Rapporteur reiterates the importance of measures and safeguards with the specific aim of ensuring human rights compliance (ibid., para. 74 (b)) and recommends that funders:] Ensure that the selection, design and implementation of projects apply the framework for the human rights to water and sanitation, notably prioritizing those people in the most vulnerable situations;
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- Regulatory frameworks are essential for the implementation of the human rights to water and sanitation and must support the State’s obligations with regard to these rights. International human rights law does not call for a particular choice of regulatory framework. What is essential from a human rights perspective is that those carrying out regulatory functions be immune to pressures from any illegitimate interests and that the main objectives of regulation be aligned with the water and sanitation human rights standards and principles. Regulation plays a key role in monitoring service providers’ compliance with the normative content of the human rights to water and sanitation and in ensuring accountability. Identifying and avoiding violations of these rights and retrogressions in their progressive realization is also key for the regulation of water and sanitation services. As public bodies, regulatory actors are bound by States’ international human rights obligations, and their functions should go beyond mere policing and include supporting and influencing policy changes in line with the human rights framework.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- The State of Palestine reports that in its territory informal providers are not only present but are essential to ensure some communities’ access to water. This delivery is the only effective option for many communities, hence it is considered a public service. Currently, different governmental institutions are collaborating in order to ensure regulation and supervision of these informal providers. Efforts are being made to license and certify them. The Government’s long-term strategy is to fully connect local communities to public water distribution networks, but in the short term the strategy is to regulate this service and facilitate the mutual support between the local communities and informal service providers.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- In the projects assessed herein, most funders did not demonstrably ensure that a sustainable financing strategy would be established for long-term service provision. In only one project were community committees created that were tasked with setting tariffs for piped water services that were being extended to their neighbourhoods. Another project entailed immediate affordability concerns as it required households to pay for connection costs to a piped water network; the national regulation established a maximum discount of 60 per cent of that cost for users in situations of poverty. Overall, in the projects reviewed, little evidence exists indicating that funders support governments and service providers in developing specific schemes to ensure reconciliation between economic sustainability and access to services for users with insufficient economic means.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- In 2014, France adopted legislation on international development that reaffirms its commitment to promote human rights and related principles. That legislation designates water and sanitation as a stand-alone sector in the country’s development cooperation agenda. The three priority areas designated in the legislation focus on assistance in creating national sector frameworks, including standards for water quality; sustainable water resource management; and sustainable, high-performance water and sanitation services. Those priorities partially overlap with certain elements of the normative content of the human rights to water and sanitation, but the legislation does not incorporate the full framework of those rights.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- One project, aimed at benefiting populations in small towns, supported rehabilitating and expanding piped drinking water systems but built only a handful of public sanitary facilities while training local artisans to produce slabs required for latrines and stimulating a micro savings scheme for residents to purchase those building materials. In that project, support to sanitation was framed through the community-led total sanitation methodology aiming to mobilize communities to completely eliminate open defecation without any external financial input. Thus, it is based on spurring demand creation and behavioural change from users. However, without adequate, continuous guidance and financial assistance, some users may sacrifice essential resources in adopting service levels that are actually unsafe and do not represent a real gain from a human rights perspective.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Gender
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- Outcomes in ex post human rights assessments should inform several characteristics of beneficiaries gaining access to services, allowing impacts to be assessed for populations living in conditions of poverty or vulnerability and identifying reductions in inequality. In particular, those data must go beyond limited assessments of access and availability of services (for example, the number of houses connected to a piped network) and should include ways of identifying discrimination and inequalities, collection time and other barriers to physical access, water quality, safety, acceptability and affordability.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- A variety of operational tools was observed among the different funders, some with greater relevance to the human rights to water and sanitation than others. The extent to which those tools can guarantee that development cooperation projects will have positive impacts on human rights depends on at least two factors. First, tools based explicitly on the human rights framework will naturally be more apt to incorporate all relevant standards and cause minimal negative impacts. Recognizing that water and sanitation projects are parts of broader, dynamic contexts that can limit a given project’s results, such tools must ensure adaptability in order to maximize the progressive realization of the human rights to water and sanitation and other related rights. Second, mainstreaming the use of such tools by operational teams involved in project implementation will avoid the risk of standards being applied selectively.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Service regulation and human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- Similarly, formal sanitation service providers, whether urban or rural, typically do not report data to regulatory authorities. While a regulatory framework and standards for sewerage networks are generally available, they are not always effectively put in place and monitored. Sewerage systems often raise affordability concerns for the State, the service provider and the user and require careful monitoring. Connection charges may prevent poorer households from making use of this service, unless appropriate regulation is in place to ensure affordability.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- Assessing a project’s contribution to the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation requires a set of methods balancing quantitative and qualitative assessments and covering the full range of the normative content of the human rights to water and sanitation and human rights principles. Among several ways of assessing a particular project, process assessments and output and outcome indicators can be applied to assess a funder’s capacity to contribute to the progressive realization of human rights through their activities.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- Furthermore, the Framework outlines four major goals and lines of action to be pursued by IADB over a three-year period (2014-2017). Notably, one of those major goals consists in reinforced governance in the sector and an emphasis on State action in the sector under the framework for the human rights to water and sanitation. Specific lines of action include encouraging IADB member States to develop and implement policies to achieve universal coverage and incorporate the concept of the human rights to water and sanitation in their legislation, regulatory processes and political strategies; creating and/or strengthening regulatory agencies, with particular attention to small cities and rural areas; and supporting reliable information systems.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- Integrating human rights throughout the development cycle (see figure) helps to ensure that the needs of those living in the most vulnerable situations are prioritized, that services are provided in a safe and affordable way and that providers guarantee participation, access to information and accountability. This approach is the best way to achieve targets 6.1 and 6.2 of the Sustainable Development Goals. Otherwise, those targets will most likely not be achieved through the traditionally technocratic way that the water and sanitation sector is usually managed. Such traditions also extend to development cooperation practice and often reflect how projects in this sector are selected, designed and managed.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- All
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- Within the framework of international human rights treaties, all levels of government, including development cooperation agencies, have obligations to adopt specific policies aimed at the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation in legislative form or in other measures (Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, general comment No. 3 (1990) on the nature of States parties’ obligations, paras. 6-7). Outside of the human rights treaty framework, myriad funders have expressed their commitment to realizing human rights through various international instruments. For instance, in the 2008 Accra Agenda for Action, most funders committed themselves to establishing and implementing development cooperation policies and programmes that respect human rights.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- Before projects are completed, at times, some are extended with subsequent phases. The related negotiations for those subsequent phases can draw attention away from the current project’s implementation and shift it to the propositions related to the subsequent phases. Funders often require new and/or additional targets for a second phase, which can broaden the scope of the project instead of concentrating efforts on existing objectives. A longer-term commitment from funders — far beyond the limited time frame of projects — would provide lasting improvements to local authorities’ and different stakeholders’ capacity to provide water and sanitation services in a way that is consistent with the human rights framework.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- The World Bank Environmental and Social Framework (2016), complemented by 11 key operational policies and associated safeguard procedures, is the most relevant executive policy umbrella for the Bank’s development cooperation activities in the water and sanitation sector. The Framework’s vision statement alludes to the Bank’s intention to help member States progressively realize their human rights commitments. Yet it maintains the Bank’s long-standing tradition of excluding any explicit commitment to comply with the human rights framework from its policy framework.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe
Development cooperation and the human rights to water and sanitation 2017, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- The UNICEF Strategy for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (2016-2030) integrates the full normative content of the human rights to water and sanitation in its vision for the sector and targeted outputs. The strategy outlines multiple “programming principles” — aspirational, outcome-based objectives to be considered throughout project design and implementation — that incorporate several human rights principles. Some of those programming principles include reducing inequality, delivering quality services at scale and strengthening accountability at all levels.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Personnes concernées
- N.A.
- Année
- 2017
Paragraphe