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Rights of rural women 2016, para. 39d
- Paragraph text
- [States parties should safeguard the right of rural women and girls to adequate health care, and ensure:] The systematic and regular monitoring of the health and nutritional status of pregnant women and new mothers, especially adolescent mothers, and their infants. In case of malnutrition or lack of access to clean water, extra food rations and drinking water should be provided systematically throughout pregnancy and lactation;
- Organe
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Adolescents
- Girls
- Infants
- Women
- Année
- 2016
- Type de paragraphe
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraphe
Effects of pesticides on the right to food 2017, para. 107e
- Paragraph text
- [States should:] Enact safety measures to ensure adequate protections for pregnant women, children and other groups who are particularly susceptible to pesticide exposure;
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Women
- Année
- 2017
- Type de paragraphe
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraphe
Right to food and nutrition 2016, para. 99m
- Paragraph text
- [With a view to respecting, protecting and fulfilling the right to adequate food and nutrition, the Special Rapporteur recommends that:] The Human Rights Council endorse the WHO guidance on ending the inappropriate promotion of foods for infants and young children, presented at the World Health Assembly in May 2016.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Youth
- Année
- 2016
- Type de paragraphe
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraphe
Sustainable Development Summit: Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 2015, para. 2.1
- Paragraph text
- By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round
- Organe
- United Nations General Assembly
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Infants
- Année
- 2015
- Type de paragraphe
- Goal
Paragraphe
Sustainable Development Summit: Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 2015, para. 2.1
- Paragraph text
- By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round
- Organe
- United Nations General Assembly
- Type de document
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Infants
- Année
- 2015
- Type de paragraphe
- Goal
Paragraphe
Rights of the child: The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations, to combat all forms of malnutrition and to support the national plans and programmes of countries to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, up to the age of 2 years, and to reaffirm the rights of everyone to have access to safe and nutritious food, consistent with the right to adequate food and the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger so as to be able to fully develop and maintain their physical and mental capacities;
- Organe
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2013
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
Right to food 2012, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes which are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and children and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of two years;
- Organe
- United Nations General Assembly
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2012
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
The rights of the child 2008, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Expresses grave concern at the worsening of the world food crisis, which seriously undermines the realization of the right to food for all, including mothers and children, and also expresses grave concern that this crisis threatens to further undermine the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and stresses that solutions need a comprehensive and multifaceted approach requiring short-, medium- and long-term and sustained actions;
- Organe
- United Nations General Assembly
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2008
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
The right to food 2016, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and in children, and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of 2 years;
- Organe
- United Nations General Assembly
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2016
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
Right to food 2013, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes which are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and children and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of 2 years;
- Organe
- United Nations General Assembly
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2013
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
The right to food 2012, para. 43c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of countries to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of two years;
- Organe
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2012
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
The right to food 2014, para. 33c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of countries to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of 2 years;
- Organe
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2014
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
Right to food 2014, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and children and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of 2 years;
- Organe
- United Nations General Assembly
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2014
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
The right to food 2013, para. 30c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of countries to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of 2 years;
- Organe
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2013
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
The right to food 2016, para. 36c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, where appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of States to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of 2 years;
- Organe
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2016
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
Right to food 2015, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon all States and, if appropriate, relevant international organizations to take measures and support programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers, in particular during pregnancy, and in children, and the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, in particular from birth to the age of 2 years;
- Organe
- United Nations General Assembly
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2015
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
The right to food 2015, para. 35c
- Paragraph text
- [Calls upon all States and, where appropriate, relevant international organizations:] To support the national plans and programmes of States to improve nutrition in poor households, in particular plans and programmes that are aimed at combating undernutrition in mothers and children, and those targeting the irreversible effects of chronic undernutrition in early childhood, from gestation to the age of 2 years;
- Organe
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Type de document
- Resolution
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Poverty
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2015
- Type de paragraphe
- OP
Paragraphe
The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health 2013, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- Among the key determinants of children's health, nutrition and development are the realization of the mother's right to health and the role of parents and other caregivers. A significant number of infant deaths occur during the neonatal period, related to the poor health of the mother prior to, and during, the pregnancy and the immediate post-partum period, and to suboptimal breastfeeding practices. The health and health-related behaviours of parents and other significant adults have a major impact on children's health.
- Organe
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Families
- Infants
- Année
- 2013
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
The right to an adequate diet: the agriculture-food-health nexus 2012, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- Premature deaths resulting from non-communicable diseases linked to bad diets are deaths that can be avoided, and States have a duty to protect in this regard. By implementing the Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding and the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, as well as the Political Declaration of the High-level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases, States are not only making political commitments but also discharging their duty under international human rights law to guarantee the right to adequate food.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2012
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
Article 6: The right to life 1982, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- Moreover, the Committee has noted that the right to life has been too often narrowly interpreted. The expression “inherent right to life” cannot properly be understood in a restrictive manner, and the protection of this right requires that States adopt positive measures. In this connection, the Committee considers that it would be desirable for States parties to take all possible measures to reduce infant mortality and to increase life expectancy, especially in adopting measures to eliminate malnutrition and epidemics.
- Organe
- Human Rights Committee
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Infants
- Année
- 1982
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
The right to an adequate diet: the agriculture-food-health nexus 2012, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- First, it is troubling that the 1981 International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and subsequent World Health Assembly (WHA) resolutions remain under-enforced, despite the wide recognition that exclusive breastfeeding for the six first months and continued breastfeeding, combined with safe and adequate complementary foods, up to 2 years old or beyond is the optimal way of feeding infants, and reduces the risk of obesity and NCDs later in life. Countries committed to scaling up nutrition should begin by regulating the marketing of commercial infant formula and other breast-milk substitutes, in accordance with WHA resolution 63.23, and by implementing the full set of WHO recommendations on the marketing of breast-milk substitutes and of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children, in accordance with WHA resolution 63.14.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2012
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
Vision of the mandate 2014, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- In general, food and nutrition security policies continue to treat women primarily as mothers, focusing on the nutrition of infants and young children or pregnant women, rather than addressing constraints on women's economic and social participation. Teenage mothers, women without children and women of post-reproductive age with specific nutritional needs are generally not considered within those policies, and this must change.6
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Adolescents
- Children
- Infants
- Women
- Année
- 2014
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
The right to adequate food (Art. 11) 1999, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Appropriate United Nations programmes and agencies should assist, upon request, in drafting the framework legislation and in reviewing the sectoral legislation. FAO, for example, has considerable expertise and accumulated knowledge concerning legislation in the field of food and agriculture. The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) has equivalent expertise concerning legislation with regard to the right to adequate food for infants and young children through maternal and child protection including legislation to enable breastfeeding, and with regard to the regulation of marketing of breast milk substitutes.
- Organe
- Committee on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights
- Type de document
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Youth
- Année
- 1999
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
The right to an adequate diet: the agriculture-food-health nexus 2012, para. 8
- Paragraph text
- Like undernutrition, micronutrient deficiency or "hidden hunger" is a violation of a child's right to a standard of living adequate for the child's physical and mental development, and to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health, recognized under article 6, paragraph 2, and article 24, paragraph 2 (c), of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The environment, not genetics, explains differences in child development between regions. The WHO Child Growth Standards demonstrate that infants and children from geographically diverse regions of the world experience very similar growth patterns when their health and nutrition needs are met, so that all children have in principle the same development potential. States, therefore, have a duty to support exclusive breastfeeding for six months and continued breastfeeding, combined with adequate complementary foods, until the second birthday of the child; and to establish food systems that can ensure each individual's access not only to sufficient caloric intake, but also to sufficiently diverse diets, providing the full range of micronutrients required.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2012
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
Vision of the mandate 2014, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- The first five years of life are the most important period of human development, with the first 1,000 days requiring special attention. Ensuring that a child receives adequate nutrition during that window of 1,000 days can have a profound impact on his or her ability to grow. It can also shape the long-term health, stability and prosperity of a society. Stunting, caused by chronic undernutrition early in a child's life, affects some 165 million children around the world. It was estimated that in 2011 more than one in every four children under five years of age in the developing world was stunted. Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia are the two regions where stunting continues to be highly prevalent, with low-income countries experiencing the highest levels. Undernutrition magnifies the effects of every disease, including measles and malaria, while malnutrition can also be caused by certain illnesses which reduce the ability of the body to convert food into usable nutrients.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2014
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
Vision of the mandate 2014, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- A right-to-food approach requires that States fulfil their obligation to ensure that safe, nutritionally adequate and culturally acceptable food is available; they must also respect and protect consumers and promote good nutrition for all. The Voluntary Guidelines, in particular Guidelines 9, on food safety and consumer protection, and 10, on nutrition, can guide States in the establishment and maintenance of effective food and nutrition policies, thereby increasing the protection of the most vulnerable from unsafe food and inadequate diets, while helping to combat overweight and obesity. The Convention on the Rights of the Child indicates that access to adequate nutrition, including family support for optimal feeding practices, is a right that should be supported for every child. The Special Rapporteur believes that increased focus must be placed on mother and child nutrition as the core of a healthy start in life, with the correlation between infant and young child feeding and food security being treated as a priority in all global food and nutrition security programmes and with formal recognition at the international and national level, including in legal frameworks.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2014
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
Vision of the mandate 2014, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Although issues of undernutrition are often framed in terms of disability prevention, good nutrition is also vital for those who already live with a disability. Infants and children with disabilities suffer the same ill-effects of undernutrition as those without: poorer health outcomes; missing or delayed developmental milestones; avoidable secondary impairments; and, in extreme circumstances, premature death. The exclusion of children and adults with disabilities from nutritional outreach efforts on the basis of the incorrect belief that preserving the life of a child or adult with a disability is of lower priority than preserving the life of someone who is not disabled must be addressed by tackling such discriminatory social and cultural norms which advocate this.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Persons with disabilities
- Année
- 2014
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
Right to food and nutrition 2016, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- WHO recommends breastfeeding within one hour of birth and exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods should be introduced at 6 months of age, together with continued breastfeeding up to 2 years of age or beyond. Yet only about 36 per cent of infants between 0 and 6 months old are exclusively breastfed. In high-income countries, fewer than one in five infants are breastfed for 12 months, and only two out of three children between 6 months and 2 years of age receive breast milk in low- and middle-income countries. These rates have not improved in two decades. In addition, few children receive nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods. A total of 823,000 children's lives could be saved yearly if all children between 0 and 23 months were optimally breastfed. One of the major obstacles to breastfeeding is the misleading marketing by baby food companies of breast milk substitutes and the lack of corporate accountability for the adverse consequences of such abuses.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Année
- 2016
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
Effects of pesticides on the right to food 2017, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- One of the most catastrophic incidents involving pesticides occurred in 1984 in Bhopal, India, where approximately 45 tons of methyl isocyanate gas leaked from a Union Carbide plant as a result of negligence, immediately killing thousands of people and resulting in serious health issues and premature deaths for tens of thousands living in the vicinity. Epidemiological studies conducted soon after the accident showed significant increases in pregnancy loss, infant mortality, decreased fetal weight, chromosomal abnormalities, impaired associate learning and respiratory illnesses.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Infants
- Année
- 2017
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe
Vision of the mandate 2014, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- Despite global efforts to eradicate child deaths due to malnutrition, more than 2 million children under age five die every year as a result of poor nutrition, and many of those deaths are associated with inappropriate feeding practices. Undernutrition among pregnant women in developing countries causes one out of six infants to be born with low birth weight, which is not only a risk factor for neonatal deaths, but may also lead to disability and learning difficulties.
- Organe
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Type de document
- Special Procedures' report
- Thèmes
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personnes concernées
- Children
- Infants
- Women
- Année
- 2014
- Type de paragraphe
- Other
Paragraphe