Situation of human rights of Rohingya Muslims and other minorities in Myanmar A/RES/80/221 dignified and sustainable return of all refugees and forcibly displaced persons, including Rohingya Muslims, Expressing deep concern at the indiscriminate use of violence and ongoing escalation and expansion of the conflict, as well as the declaration, maintenance and extension of martial law in parts of the country, which seriously undermines the enjoyment of human rights in Myanmar, especially those of women, children, older persons and persons with disabilities, as well as those of persons belonging to ethnic and religious minorities, including Rohingya Muslims, owing to the heavy militarization of Myanmar aggravated by the continued access to arms from abroad that increases the ability of the Myanmar military to commit serious violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law, including attacks against civilians and civilian objects and seriously undermines the enjoyment of human rights, especially by Rohingya Muslims and other minorities, Expressing grave concern at the continuing use of Rohingya Muslims as human shields and the forcible conscription of Rohingya Muslims, which are escalating intercommunal tensions between Rakhine communities and Rohingya Muslims, and at reports of the destruction of religious sites of all religions and the use of Muslim places of worship, including mosques and madrasas, as military outposts, Expressing concern at the role of the Myanmar military and other armed actors, including the Arakan Army, in sustaining cycles of violence in Rakhine State, including through targeted attacks against Rohingya Muslims, obstruction of humanitarian access and actions that exacerbate ethnic tensions, Noting with concern that, due to the escalation in fighting between the Myanmar military and the Arakan Army and the continuing human rights violations and abuses against Rohingya Muslims, humanitarian access remains severely restricted for the international community in northern Rakhine State, which has caused United Nations agencies and international partners to relocate elsewhere in Myanmar, Expressing deep concern at the most recent reports of grave human rights violations and abuses against Rohingya Muslims in Rakhine State by the Myanmar military and other armed actors, including the Arakan Army, including the widespread burning of villages, the forced displacement of over 200,000 individuals and the deliberate targeting of civilians, forced conscription and arbitrary detention, which have led to heightened insecurity and intercommunal tension, and condemning strongly the escalating violence in Maungdaw and other areas, which continues to severely worsen the already fragile humanitarian conditions in Rakhine State, Expressing deep concern also at the continuing reports of forced displacement taking place due to the ongoing conflict in Rakhine State, compelling over 150,000 Rohingya Muslims to flee to Bangladesh and many thousands to other countries of the region since November 2023, Gravely alarmed by the tragic deaths of at least 427 Rohingya Muslims, including women and children, in early May 2025, in separate maritime incidents while fleeing by sea from the violence and persecution in Rakhine State, according to reports by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, recalling that nearly 1 in 5 Rohingya Muslims who have attempted sea crossings in 2025 have died or gone missing, and emphasizing that these maritime tragedies highlight both the desperation of the Rohingya people and the failure of the international community to provide adequate protection and address the root causes of displacement, Expressing grave concern at the forcible conscription by the Myanmar military of men aged 18 to 35 years and women aged 18 to 27 years, including Rohingya Muslims, which has had severe consequences for the civilian population, especially 25-20983 3/21