A/HRC/RES/41/16 provide guidance on achieving the effective implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 4 and meeting the related targets on education for all, including for persons belonging to ethnic minorities, internally displaced persons and refugees, Reiterating the commitments to strengthen the means of implementation, including Goal 17 of the Sustainable Development Goals and the commitments under each Goal, and the actions outlined in the Addis Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International Conference on Financing for Development for ensuring the full realization of the Sustainable Development Goals, Reiterating also the importance of early childhood development as a valuable foundation of the entire basic education system, Strongly condemning the recurring attacks on students, teachers, schools and universities, which impair the realization of the right to education and cause severe and longlasting harm to individuals and societies, Recognizing the negative impact of climate change, natural disasters, conflict and crisis on the full realization of the right to education, the fact that a large proportion of the world’s out-of-school population lives in conflict-affected areas, and that crises, violence and attacks on and the military use of educational institutions, natural disasters and pandemics continue to disrupt education and development globally, as noted in the Incheon Declaration, Recognizing also that girls are disproportionately represented among out-of-school children and that women are disproportionately represented among illiterate adults owing to, inter alia, discrimination based on race, colour, age, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status, early marriage or pregnancy, the lack of appropriate sanitary facilities, gender stereotypes, patriarchal social norms, and on economic grounds when education is not free, Reiterating the contribution that access to new information and communications technology, including the Internet, plays in facilitating the realization of the right to education and in promoting inclusive quality education, Reaffirming the rights to non-discrimination and equality of educational opportunity as central to the full realization of the right to education as enshrined in the Convention against Discrimination in Education of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Welcoming the steps taken to implement the right to education, such as the enactment of appropriate legislation, adjudication by national courts, the development of national indicators, and ensuring justiciability of this right, and aware of the role that communications procedures can play in promoting the justiciability of the right to education, Noting the development by experts of guiding principles and tools for States, such as the Abidjan principles on the human rights obligations of States to provide public education and to regulate private involvement in education, 1. Calls upon all States to take all measures to implement Human Rights Council resolutions on the right to education with a view to ensuring the full realization of this right for all; 2. Urges all States to give full effect to the right to education by, inter alia, complying with their obligations to respect, protect and fulfil the right to education by all appropriate means, including by taking measures such as: (a) Developing adequate standards and regulations for the involvement of private educational actors and institutions in education, and providing the resources necessary to implement them; (b) Supporting the compliance of applicable standards and regulations by private educational institutions through such measures as appropriate advice and management assistance and support tools; (c) Considering setting an accountability framework that is aligned with human rights law and standards for both public education and private involvement in education; 2