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Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- Cluster responsibilities at the global and national level have brought more predictability and helped to close gaps in the humanitarian response to internally displaced persons. In particular, UNHCR, as the cluster lead for the protection of internally displaced persons in conflict settings, emergency shelter, and camp management has taken on considerable responsibilities, including the role of "provider of last resort". In order to live up to these new commitments, UNHCR has increased its operational engagement and provided for institutional and budgetary amendments. However, the capacities of UNHCR, as well as those of its partners, in particular as regards training and adequate staff numbers, as well as the capacity to provide guidance in the area of protection, are still very limited compared to the overall needs of the displaced. A more robust and decisive engagement will be required.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- International mechanisms to protect internally displaced persons in situations of natural disasters are often not effective due to lack of understanding, knowledge and the capacity to address threats arising in disaster settings. OHCHR, UNHCR and UNICEF are still struggling to develop the capacity on the ground to match the commitment to leading on protection in disaster settings that they assumed during the course of the 2005 humanitarian reform initiative. The Representative therefore welcomes the expressed commitment of UNHCR to fill this gap within the IASC framework and in consultation with UNICEF and OHCHR, and hopes that its capacities will be enhanced accordingly. The Representative also encourages OHCHR and UNICEF to reinforce their efforts to increase capacity at headquarters and on the ground.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 87a
- Paragraph text
- [Durable solutions constitute the ultimate form of protection for internally displaced persons. At the same time, the Representative sees some of the greatest problems in this area. Short-sighted political calculations often create protracted displacement situations, which are particularly difficult to transform into durable solutions. Despite some advances, donors and development actors are still not providing enough support for durable solutions, especially crucial investments in early recovery. The Representative recommends that member States:] Reinvigorate processes to resolve ongoing or frozen conflicts, while allowing the internally displaced to normalize their living situation as far as possible;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 96a
- Paragraph text
- [The Representative calls on all Member States to shape a rule-based framework to international humanitarian assistance, taking into account the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement as well as the Guidelines for the Domestic Facilitation and Regulation of International Disaster Relief and Initial Recovery Assistance and, in particular to:] Explicitly recognize in relevant national laws, policies and administrative and military instructions, the right of internally displaced persons and others affected by conflict or disaster to request and receive humanitarian assistance, in an equal and non-discriminatory manner; and the corresponding obligation of the State to ensure assistance, including by facilitating international assistance, especially where locally available resources are insufficient;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- In at least 35 countries internally displaced persons find themselves in protracted situations, meaning that processes to find durable solutions for them have stalled and the displaced are marginalized, and their rights, in particular economic, social and cultural rights, are not protected. Internally displaced persons in protracted situations often live in inhumane conditions and have no realistic chance of accessing opportunities to earn a living. The Representative has consistently found that the most likely victims of protracted displacement are the most vulnerable within the displaced population and include the elderly, people with disabilities, female-headed households and minorities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- However, States fail to respect their obligations if they reject assistance offered without providing any reasons or if the reasons are based on errors in fact (for example, a denial of humanitarian needs without a proper assessment). States also act arbitrarily if they deny access for reasons that are not in line with their international obligations, for example, if a State rejects assistance offered in line with the humanitarian principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence despite being unable to ensure the necessary assistance through other resources.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- States must refrain from selectively denying consent to offers of humanitarian assistance with the intent or effect of discriminating against a particular group or section of the population. In the case of internally displaced persons in need, the Guiding Principles stipulate against such discrimination on the basis, inter alia, of race, sex, legal status, religious belief, political or other opinion, or ethnic or social origin (see Guiding Principle 4, para. 1). An example would be a Government that systematically rejects offers of humanitarian assistance to crisis-affected regions populated by ethnic groups perceived as favouring the political opposition.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- Similarly, insurgents, de facto authorities and other non-State actors controlling a part of the territory may not withhold consent to the provision of humanitarian assistance on the basis that they do not have sovereign rights regarding the territory to which the assistance is destined. Article 7, paragraph 5 (g) of the Kampala Convention therefore specifically prohibits armed groups from "impeding humanitarian assistance and passage of all relief consignments, equipment and personnel to internally displaced persons".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- In 2007, based on a request from the Emergency Relief Coordinator and after extensive consultations, the Representative released the pilot version of the Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons. The Framework provides guidance on how to support such solutions and establishes criteria for assessing to what extent a durable solution has been achieved. Feedback from the field provided the basis for a further review of the Framework, which is presented to the Human Rights Council in its final form (A/HRC/13/21/Add.4). The Framework, endorsed by the IASC, is primarily aimed at guiding international and non-governmental humanitarian and development actors on how to work with governments in supporting durable solutions. As it also provides a response to the requests by the Council for ways to strengthen durable solutions and benchmarks for assessing when displacement ends (resolution 6/32, para. 7), the Framework should also be useful to member States affected by internal displacement and to donors.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- Climate change is arguably already acting as "an impact multiplier and accelerator". In addition to its negative impact on social and economic rights, which will itself provoke some displacement, climate change, interacting with other pressures or social and political factors, will exacerbate the risk of conflicts, which could then act as a driver of further displacement. Climate-related displacement is therefore likely to be characterized by multiple causalities, such as conflicts due to competition over resources or the loss of livelihoods. This was more recently highlighted during the Security Council debate of 20 July 2011 on the possible security implications of climate change, in which it was noted that climate change could aggravate or amplify existing security concerns and give rise to new ones, particularly in already fragile and vulnerable nations. It could also sharply intensify human displacement, bringing communities into increasing competition for finite natural resources with global repercussions for global economic stability.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 32b
- Paragraph text
- Higher temperatures in water and air, and increasing acidity of seas;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 84b
- Paragraph text
- [Millions of people are being newly internally displaced every year as a result of conflict and violence. Disasters displace even more people and the effects of climate change will exacerbate this trend. Development-induced displacement is also on the rise. With international attention focused on camps of internally displaced persons, many other displaced remain invisible, because they stay with host families, are dispersed in urban areas or their existence is officially denied. Some vulnerable groups within the displaced population are also regularly overlooked. Host families and communities are often heavily affected by displacement, but they are often neglected. The Representative urges member States and humanitarian and development actors to expand their scope of action and recommends that they:] Increase efforts to protect and assist the urban displaced, including through development efforts and measures to assist host families as well as displacement-affected communities generally;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- The close cooperation with the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, on the basis of institutionalized arrangements, and access to resources beyond the regular support provided to a special procedure mandate holder by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, have been indispensable to taking up the array of tasks that the Representative has been mandated to carry out. The ability to work closely with institutions and non-governmental organizations outside the United Nations system has also reinforced the capacity of the Representative to carry out the responsibilities of the mandate.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- The above changes in our environment and climate are predicted to increase displacement and to alter its patterns, as people move to locations, predominantly within their own countries, which offer them greater human security and livelihoods. In some instances, for example when planned relocation is unsuccessful or when the spontaneously displaced congregate in urban centres already under pressure, secondary displacements may ensue. Indeed, secondary or cyclical displacements may become a by-product of ineffective adaptation strategies to address original displacement situations, as well as a consequence of the failure to sufficiently plan ahead in areas such as food security, urban planning or resource management - all of which may be put under additional pressure by the effects of climate change.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- In 2008, the Human Rights Council, in its resolution 7/23, requested OHCHR to undertake a study, in consultation with States and other key stakeholders, on the relationship between climate change and human rights. The study (A/HRC/10/61) provides an overview of the effects of climate change for human rights, including its impact on specific rights, vulnerable groups of persons, forced displacement and conflict, and examines the human rights implications of response measures to climate change. Importantly, it outlines relevant national and international obligations under international human rights law, including those relating to the progressive realization of economic, social and cultural rights and access to information and participation in decision-making. The study concludes that measures to address climate change should be informed and strengthened by international human rights standards and principles.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- Other actors have also enriched the discussion by focusing on specific rights or the impact of climate change on particular groups. In addition to posing a direct threat to the right to life, the effects of climate change are expected to have negative implications for basic rights relating to food (A/HRC/7/5), housing (A/64/255), water and health, and affect the overall right to an adequate standard of living (A/HRC/10/61, paras. 21-38). Some of these analyses have highlighted the link between the lack of access to these rights and displacement. In the context of climate change, internally displaced persons are also a growing category of persons considered to be especially at risk, given the adverse material, social and psychological consequences commonly associated with displacement. These risks are heightened by the fact that the most serious effects of climate change, including displacement, are predicted to disproportionately affect poor regions and countries and populations already in a vulnerable situation owing to poverty and other factors.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- Guiding Principles 6(c) and 7(1)(3) provide for specific standards and criteria that must be met when displacement is envisaged in a non-emergency context, such as with regard to the mitigation measures mentioned above and large-scale development projects. In the context of mitigation measures to address climate change, it will be important to assess the potential displacement likely to result from such measures and to strengthen guidelines, applying the standards in the Guiding Principles and a human rights-based approach.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- The mandate intends to continue to actively engage with African States on the ratification and implementation of the Kampala Convention in a number of ways, including: by holding regional consultations and workshops with concerned States; providing technical advice and assistance in the formulation of national policies and legislation implementing the Convention; and by developing generic tools on the Convention intended to provide guidance on specific aspects related to its domestic implementation. The latter could include annotations and commentary to the Convention, which can render more explicit the content and implications of its provisions and in this manner also assist its application and interpretation by States. A fuller description of the content of the Kampala Convention could also draw on the link between the Guiding Principles and the Convention, as well as its integration and references to international humanitarian, criminal and human rights law.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Although much attention has been devoted to the scientific evidence of climate change and the preventive and mitigation measures necessary to stop or manage this phenomena, relatively little attention has been paid to date on the human rights implications of climate change and even less to finding durable solutions to climate-induced forced displacement. Yet, as pointed out by an OHCHR report in 2009, very tangible rights are potentially impacted by climate change including, inter alia, the right to life, water, food, health, and housing. In this context, internally displaced persons remain entitled to the range of human rights, including protection from arbitrary displacement, and to rights related to housing and property restitution which are so vital to durable solutions. It is estimated that many millions of people may be forcibly displaced due to climate change in the coming decades.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- Assistance to displacement-affected communities may however, require a different approach to humanitarian assistance, so that the concept of assistance extends to include early recovery and development interventions, such as those related to the rehabilitation of key infrastructure necessary for basic services, such as water, sanitation, health and education. In the same vein, communities of return, resettlement or local integration will often require similar assistance in addition to efforts related to livelihoods and reconciliation measures. Situations characterized by mass destruction and displacement either due to conflict or natural disasters, such as the case of Haiti, are examples of the need to think beyond camps and to support all displacement-affected communities; a strategy which will also avoid situations of protracted displacement where IDP residents are unable to leave for lack of alternatives, and where impoverished neighbours sometimes join the camp in order to have access to the basic services that it provides.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- However, a study undertaken a few years later, in 2003, found that while considerable efforts had been made in a number of countries, the United Nations approach to protecting the rights of internally displaced persons continued to be largely ad hoc and suffered from insufficient political and financial support, which had undermined efforts in the field. The General Assembly reiterated the need to further strengthen inter-agency arrangements and the capacities of the United Nations and other relevant actors in order to meet the immense challenges of internal displacement and stressed the importance of an effective, accountable and predictable collaborative approach (resolution 58/177, para. 13). This led to the adoption by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee of a policy which sought to reinforce the collaborative response, but which was subsequently superseded in 2006 by the cluster approach, an arrangement aimed at creating more predictable and accountable leadership in nine sectors of humanitarian response.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- At the global level, the Heads of State and Government assembled in New York for the 2005 World Summit unanimously recognized the Guiding Principles as an important international framework for the protection of internally displaced persons (General Assembly resolution 60/1, para. 132), a recognition subsequently echoed by the Human Rights Council in its resolutions 6/32 and 20/9, and the General Assembly in resolution 66/125. The General Assembly further welcomed the fact that an increasing number of States, United Nations agencies and regional and non-governmental organizations were applying them as a standard, and encouraged all relevant actors to make use of the Guiding Principles when dealing with situations of internal displacement (resolution 62/152, para. 10). In addition, it has also recognized that the protection of internally displaced persons has been strengthened by identifying, reaffirming and consolidating specific standards for their protection, in particular through the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement (resolution 66/165, tenth preambular paragraph).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- The Protocol on Internally Displaced Persons served as an impetus for the African Union to draft the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (the Kampala Convention). A watershed in international law for the protection of internally displaced persons, the Kampala Convention was adopted by the African Union at its first ever Special Summit on Refugees, Returnees and Internally Displaced Persons, held in Kampala in October 2009. Developed over a five-year period, a process to which this mandate contributed at the request of the African Union, the Kampala Convention incorporates the Guiding Principles and sets out obligations for States parties, the African Union and humanitarian agencies in relation to all phases of displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- Throughout the past 20 years of its existence and the various humanitarian reform initiatives that have taken place, the mandate has maintained a unique position and advocacy function concerning the human rights of internally displaced persons, in a context where there is no lead or single United Nations agency designated to be the voice for the internally displaced or to have an overall mandate for them. It has undertaken advocacy functions at all levels, international, national and regional, including more recently with respect to the ratification of the Kampala Convention. Drawing on its legacy of the Guiding Principles, it has worked to give practical effect to them through the development of normative standards and guidance intended to assist Governments and the humanitarian and development communities to operationalize different aspects of the Guiding Principles at different stages of displacement (A/HRC/13/21/Add.4).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- Recognizing the primary responsibility of the State for protection and assistance to internally displaced persons, a key focus of the mandate has been to support States in meeting that responsibility. It has done so through country visits and a strong tradition of follow-up visits, as well as other forms of continued practical engagement with States, such as participation in national workshops; the provision of technical guidance and support in the development of national legal and policy frameworks, as in the case of Kenya and Afghanistan more recently; and through training programmes such as the annual San Remo Course on the Law of Internal Displacement. Over the course of its existence, the mandate has visited over 30 countries, many repeatedly through follow-up visits, a key feature of the mandate's working methods intended to promote a process of continued dialogue with and support to States in the implementation of the mandate's recommendations and other initiatives on behalf of internally displaced persons.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- In many instances, internally displaced persons may live in compact settlements or camps, which present a number of further concerns, including concerns for personal safety, and in particular sexual and gender-based violence; the pull factor related to the provision of assistance in the camps; and the fact that camps may sustain a humanitarian assistance situation for too long at the expense of early recovery and durable solutions. As levels of displacement rise in the context of climate change, the urgency of finding long-lasting solutions for affected populations and avoiding the precariousness, marginalization and instability associated with situations of protracted displacement, will become a national, and potentially regional, security imperative.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- In order to be successful, adaptation measures addressing internal displacement must provide durable solutions strategies in the form of return, local integration or resettlement in another part of the country. However, in the context of climate change, durable solutions are likely to be more complex and less static or one-dimensional. They may combine a number of solutions, including movements which are seasonal or temporary, or solutions which include continuity with the place of origin as well as integration in a different part of the country (for example, part of the family returns to the place of origin permanently or on a seasonal basis, while the breadwinner works in another location). Strategies addressing internal displacement should therefore be sufficiently flexible to include and support various scenarios of human adaptation, and ensure that durable solutions are based on free and informed consent.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- This call was in large part due to the efforts of a group of non-governmental organizations, which in 1990 undertook a joint campaign to highlight the gaps in the international system with respect to internally displaced persons and to advocate for the development of relevant international standards and the appointment of a United Nations representative on internally displaced persons. In 1992, the then Commission on Human Rights adopted resolution 1992/73, in which it called upon the Secretary-General to appoint a representative on internally displaced persons, who was tasked as one of his first activities to examine the applicability of international human rights and humanitarian and refugee law to the protection of internally displaced persons. Francis Deng, a scholar and diplomat from the Sudan, was appointed Special Representative and, together with a team of international legal experts and institutions, set out to fulfil this mandate, including through extensive consultations over several years.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- In addition to displacement into cities, natural disasters, violence and conflict are also likely to cause complex intra-city displacement, such as was the case in Haiti in the aftermath of the 2010 earthquake. By virtue of the concentration of populations, resources, assets and services in cities, the impact of damages to cities due to conflict or natural disasters can be especially debilitating, including to humanitarian and recovery efforts. In such situations, an approach which addresses IDP-specific needs, as well as wider community needs (e.g. infrastructure and basic services needs) through a neighbourhood- or community-based approach, as has been advocated by this mandate, will likely be the most beneficial.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- While IDPs living in both camp and non-camp settings are greatly affected by relations with host communities, non-camp IDPs are particularly entwined with their hosts, as in many cases, they may not be able to rely on other actors such as international organizations or aid groups. In one analysis of IDP trends, it was found that in the majority of countries reviewed, most IDPs in non-camp settings had no assistance beyond that provided by the host community or host family. Better understanding of the role and specific assistance provided by host communities may therefore suggest ways of supporting them in their effort to assist the displaced living among them.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- The Cancun Adaptation Framework recognizes the need to support adaptation measures which are "country driven, gender sensitive, participatory and fully transparent […] taking into consideration vulnerable groups [and] communities" (FCCC/CP/2010/7/Add.1, decision 1/CP.16, para. 12). It further recognizes the need for measures to enhance understanding and cooperation with regard to climate change-induced displacement and planned relocation and the need to undertake impact vulnerability and adaptation assessments, including on the social and economic consequences of climate change adaptation options and response measures (paras. 14 (b) and (f) and preamble to section III.E). While complementary, the Guiding Principles and the Framework for Durable Solutions provide more specific and detailed guidance on standards related to participatory and procedural rights of internally displaced persons.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- The State has the primary responsibility to protect and assist persons displaced within its borders. At the same time, in the context of climate change-induced displacement and the disproportionate burden imposed on poor regions and countries, shared international responsibility has also been acknowledged. Where State capacities and resources are insufficient, international cooperation and partnerships should help support the cost of adaptation measures. This is consistent with human rights standards and principles (A/HRC/10/61, para. 87) and recognized in the Cancun Adaptation Framework, which invites Parties to enhance action on adaptation, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and capacities as well as their priorities and circumstances (FCCC/CP/2010/7/Add.1, decision 1/CP.16, para. 14).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- Climate change has served to crystallize the impact of actions by individual States which go beyond the State to affect the rights of people and communities around the globe. Climate change knows no State or generational boundaries. Effective systems of international cooperation and responsible domestic governance are thus required to address it in line with human rights obligations and to support adaptation strategies to deal with the various human rights challenges, such as displacement, that it presents to the international community as a whole.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 59 G
- Paragraph text
- [In view of the above, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Within the framework of IASC, initiate a process to consider the existing practices, gaps and relevant issues relating to IDPs outside camps, with a view to the development of strategies and mechanisms to strengthen related humanitarian and development responses. Suggested steps could include: The undertaking by agencies, on a voluntary basis, of a stocktaking exercise or survey of their programmes and practices which relate (or extend) to IDPs outside camps and host communities;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 59 G
- Paragraph text
- [In view of the above, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Within the framework of IASC, initiate a process to consider the existing practices, gaps and relevant issues relating to IDPs outside camps, with a view to the development of strategies and mechanisms to strengthen related humanitarian and development responses. Suggested steps could include: The collection of good practices in this regard, and an analysis of existing protection and assistance gaps which hinder the institutional response by the humanitarian and development communities;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 67h
- Paragraph text
- Support actors within the international humanitarian and human rights system, including the Inter-Agency Standing Committee and members of the cluster system, to take the above challenges fully on board, and ensure that related policies and decisions specifically include and address the displacement-specific protection, assistance and durable solution needs of internally displaced persons; advocate for and support development actors in ensuring full respect for the human rights of internally displaced persons in the implementation of development projects; further integrate the human rights of internally displaced persons into the work of the universal periodic review process and of human rights treaty bodies;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Many elements of this complex issue cannot be tackled herein. In particular, while the Special Rapporteur focuses on development actors and durable solutions in the context of peacebuilding, he also acknowledges the need to actively support durable solutions for internally displaced persons uprooted by natural disasters (see A/HRC/16/43/Add.5) and the need to focus future work on the role of donor and recipient States in tackling internal displacement through development and to strengthen the capacity of States to support durable solutions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 59m
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to:] [International organizations, including humanitarian, development and peacebuilding actors, as relevant] Support national authorities to include displacement-specific aspects in their own planning, programming and activities that directly support durable solutions or the development of conditions conducive to solutions. In this context, national and international actors, including donor States, are urged to support such initiatives through capacity-building, technical support and, in particular, by programmatic support in implementing relevant national policies or legislation;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 59n
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to:] [International organizations, including humanitarian, development and peacebuilding actors, as relevant] Ensure that the post-2015 development agenda benefits those people, including internally displaced persons, who live in fragile States, and serves as a foundation for increasing their resilience to crisis, including through the achievement of solutions to displacement that are based on a human rights approach;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 61m
- Paragraph text
- [Durable solutions remain available options for internally displaced persons, including those in urban settings. The very nature of urban displacement, however, tends to lend weight to local integration as the viable choice preferred by internally displaced persons in urban areas. Informed by the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons, the Special Rapporteur reiterates his recommendations made in his previous reports (A/HRC/19/54 and A/68/225) and adds the following recommendations to:] [National and municipal authorities] Develop incentives for return and resettlement to rural areas, accompanied by livelihood schemes and the development of rural areas as an alternative to urbanization;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 61n
- Paragraph text
- [Durable solutions remain available options for internally displaced persons, including those in urban settings. The very nature of urban displacement, however, tends to lend weight to local integration as the viable choice preferred by internally displaced persons in urban areas. Informed by the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons, the Special Rapporteur reiterates his recommendations made in his previous reports (A/HRC/19/54 and A/68/225) and adds the following recommendations to:] [National and municipal authorities] Establish integrated planning informed by displacement dynamics, with urban development plans, poverty reduction plans, general urban planning and upgrading, including slum upgrading, to include aspects specific to internal displacement and settlements and be carried out within government frameworks where possible, or alongside State actors;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- Persistent barriers hinder cooperation between humanitarian, development and peacebuilding actors in support of durable solutions. They include different planning cycles, time frames, mandates, operational systems, terminology, vocabulary and approaches to working with Governments; use of different criteria to evaluate success and lack of common operationalizable benchmarks or indicators to measure progress towards durable solutions; lack of systematic, comprehensive and collaborative data collection and analysis, in addition to monitoring and evaluation exercises; disconnects between policies and priorities at the field and headquarters levels; inadequate engagement of the wide range of relevant ministries, international organizations (including development banks) and non-governmental organizations with roles to play in supporting solutions; failure to maximize the relative strengths of actors; lack of national and international ownership of the issue and lack of focused or coordinated leadership in support of solutions; lack of technical capacity and sustained support for solutions at the local, national and international levels; inadequate access to long-term funding, in particular to scale up successful pilots and integrate initiatives designed to support solutions into broader development programmes; that donors have separate funding streams for humanitarian and development programmes and struggle to ensure cooperation and coordination between them; insufficient consideration of durable solutions issues in transition and mission drawdown plans; failure to engage the private sector in developing innovative solutions; and insufficient awareness and inadequate integration of displacement considerations into development, peacebuilding and human rights capacity-building efforts.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- Gender-sensitive responses to internal displacement require the full and equal participation of women in decision-making at all stages of displacement and in peacemaking processes. Such participation is essential to effectively promoting and protecting human rights, preventing rights violations, achieving durable solutions, and supporting sustainable peace processes, post-conflict reconstruction and development. Ongoing participatory needs assessments and "bottom-up" participatory planning processes are essential to overcoming the "implementation gap" between gender policies and effective practice, and ensuring that nationally and internationally supported protection interventions complement women's self-protection strategies and respond to their evolving needs and concerns.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Throughout the Convention, States parties are reminded of their obligation to consult internally displaced persons and allow them to participate in decisions relating to their protection and assistance (for example, art. 9 (2)), including in decisions relating to durable solutions. States must also take measures to ensure that displaced persons who are citizens of their country of habitual residence may enjoy their civil and political rights, particularly in relation to public participation, such as the right to vote and the right to run for public office. With regard to development projects, article 10 (2) requires States parties to ensure that the stakeholders concerned will explore feasible alternatives, with full information and consultation of persons likely to be displaced by projects.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- The preparation phase aims at, inter alia, defining key notions, gathering data on internal displacement, and deciding on the appropriate legal framework to address internal displacement and the support needed from relevant stakeholders. In the case of Kenya, in February 2011, a strategic planning workshop was convened by the Parliamentary Select Committee, where perspectives on the key concerns with regard to internal displacement were addressed by government ministries and the National Protection Working Group on Internal Displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- During the organization phase, a government body should be designated to lead the process. Experience shows that it is important that the Government lead have political clout, financial and human resources and knowledge of internal displacement issues. The Special Rapporteur reiterates the need to consult a wide range of national actors, including internally displaced persons and displacement-affected communities themselves. All the relevant tools for the development and drafting of the instrument should be identified - such as the above-mentioned manuals, the Inter-Agency Standing Committee Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons and the Operational Guidelines on the Protection of Persons in Situations of Natural Disasters so that the lead Government entity can then organize the drafting and consultation process.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- To monitor the implementation of the Kampala Convention, States parties are required to establish a Conference of States Parties (art. 14). States parties are also required to cooperate upon the request of a concerned State party or the Conference of States Parties, which is to convene regularly under the facilitation of the African Union (art. 14.2),to protect and assist internally displaced persons (art. 5.2). To date, the Conference of States Parties has never convened despite the provision in article 14 (2). The Special Rapporteur has repeatedly expressed his wish for the Conference of States Parties to be established in the near future.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- The pursuit of durable solutions raises a range of concerns for IDW. Although the choice of a durable solution is, in principle, an individual matter, in practice decisions concerning durable solutions are usually made by families or communities, often marginalizing women's preferences. For example, particularly when they have been the targets of SGBV, IDW may be deterred from returning due to traumatic associations or fear of further attacks. Yet, in some instances families or other actors may pressure women to return despite these concerns.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur reiterates the overall importance of profiling as a collaborative information-gathering process, which is indispensable for advocacy on durable solutions, policymaking and, most notably, planning and implementing durable solutions. Profiling is often more complex in urban settings, where internally displaced persons and displacement-affected populations live in informal settlements, usually without personal documentation, and where basic data are sometimes non-existent. Settlements for internally displaced persons, for example in Darfur, are not always static, whether in size or in location. In Mogadishu, which hosts one of the world's largest urban populations of internally displaced persons, the number of settlements has often increased uncontrollably and some settlements have shifted, as a whole or in part, on account of evictions or other secondary displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- Given that national censuses often omit informal settlements or internally displaced persons for lack of documentation, there may be little knowledge of the size or profile of the urban internally displaced population. National censuses, as conducted in Cote d'Ivoire in 2014, must be designed to identify internally displaced persons and their location. Experience shows, however, that, when confronted by outsiders asking questions, internally displaced persons feel threatened, especially if they fear eviction or if they are asked questions relating to the informal sector.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- In recent years, increased attention has been devoted to rising rates of displacement linked to the effects of climate change and the particularly adverse effects of climate change on potentially vulnerable groups, including women. It is now widely acknowledged that climate change impacts on men and women differently at all stages from preparedness to reconstruction. As recognized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), inequitable gender roles may exacerbate women's exposure to harm, while at the same time women may make "very significant, active contributions … [to] coping with and adapting to extremes". Women often experience higher rates of mortality than men in natural disasters and may experience particularly deleterious effects on health, exacerbated gender inequality and reduced access to education and livelihood opportunities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- Causes of displacement are manifold, and in some situations they are not clear-cut but overlap. States can benefit from putting in place monitoring and early warning systems to help prevent displacement. Specialized monitoring bodies can collect data and carry out risk assessments to map potential displacement threats. In countries where displacement has already taken place, trends and patterns can be recurrent and new internal displacement events can potentially be foreseen. These bodies can alert the Government and other actors of the likelihood of displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- National human rights institutions, as independent human rights actors, have an essential role to play in preventing conflict-induced displacement and development-induced displacement in particular. One of the roles of national human rights institutions is to closely monitor the human rights situation and, in many cases, human rights violations precede and can trigger waves of internal displacement. In countries where displacement has already taken place and is likely to occur again, for example, countries vulnerable to cyclical disasters or where political instability or conflict has been ongoing for some time, national human rights institutions are valuable in preventing, preparing for and mitigating the consequences of renewed internal displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The Kenya National Commission on Human Rights has been active in displacement issues since becoming operational in 2003 (A/HRC/19/54/Add.2). It established regional offices and field monitors and has the responsibility, inter alia, to investigate allegations of human rights violations against internally displaced persons, to advocate on their behalf and to monitor the situation of internally displaced persons living in different settings. As co-chair of the National Protection Working Group on Internal Displacement, the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights played a major role in advocating for the development and adoption of an national policy on internally displaced persons policy.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- In Colombia, an early warning mechanism was introduced in 2002, under the Office of the Ombudsman. This system was created to monitor conditions that could trigger conflict-induced displacement, human rights violations or other type of violence. When an imminent risk is detected, the Office of the Ombudsman sends a report to the Inter-Ministerial Committee for Early Warning, which would make the final decision whether to issue an early warning notice. However, while the practice is a good one, the Inter-Ministerial Committee has reportedly failed to respond quickly and effectively enough to reports issued by the Office of the Ombudsman warning of displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- Such a body could coordinate at the national level the responsibilities of each line agency or ministry. It would also be responsible for maintaining a clear division of institutional roles and responsibilities between government bodies. This body should be composed of representatives of different ministries with sectoral responsibilities for internally displaced persons, key national and international agencies and representatives of internally displaced persons. Such mechanisms are essential to ensure holistic, cross-agency responses that recognize, for example, the important relationship between housing and employment and livelihood, which requires cooperation across agencies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- States affected by displacement should establish effective legal framework to provide fair compensation or other forms of reparation, where appropriate, to internally displaced persons for damage incurred as a result of displacement, in accordance with international standards. In certain cases, truth and reconciliation commissions have been involved in displacement issues and linkages between such mechanisms and durable solutions can be made. The mechanisms can contribute to ensuring durable solutions, notably by acknowledging and embracing internally displaced persons' narratives and experiences, fostering better relations between displaced populations and displacement-affected communities and making specific recommendations relevant to the pursuit of durable solutions with respect to housing, land, property restitution and similar issues.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- In Sri Lanka, the Commission of Inquiry on Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation was established in 2010. Its final report, published in 2011, contains chapters focusing specifically on internally displaced persons. The Commission acknowledged that without medium- and long-term durable solutions for internally displaced persons, a sustainable and all-inclusive reconciliation process could not be achieved. During his visit to Sri Lanka in December 2013, the Special Rapporteur supported the conclusion of the Commission and its recommendation that a uniform State policy be adopted aimed at the resettlement of internally displaced persons and/or integrating them into host communities, reiterating the need to raise awareness among internally displaced persons about the options available to them and to respect their final decision (A/HRC/26/33/Add.4).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- According to the Inter-Agency Standing Committee Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons, a durable solution can only be achieved when internally displaced persons no longer have any specific assistance and protection needs that are linked to their displacement and can enjoy their human rights without discrimination on account of their displacement. A durable solution can be achieved through either (a) sustainable reintegration at the place of origin (return); (b) sustainable local integration in areas where internally displaced persons take refuge (local integration); or (c) sustainable integration in another part of the country (settlement elsewhere).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- Authorities at all levels can take a number of measures to establish adequate disaster risk reduction and management systems. Some countries have established specific legal and policy frameworks on disaster risk reduction and management with a strong focus on displacement risk. Where disaster risk reduction systems already exist, they should be reviewed to ensure that they adequately integrate displacement issues. Disaster risk reduction and management strategies should also be mainstreamed across government bodies and forums established at the national and local levels to build awareness about disaster risk and disseminate specific information.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- During his joint visit to the Central African Republic in February 2015, the Special Rapporteur deplored the living conditions of nearly 500 members of the Peulh minority group, trapped in an enclave in Yaloke. According to reports, the food being distributed in Yaloke does not meet the cultural and nutritional needs of the Peulh minority group. The Peulh, living largely on a diet of beef and milk from cattle, are not used to the rice and beans that humanitarian agencies distribute. As of December 2014, over 40 Peulh had died from malnutrition and other diseases, the majority of them children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- IDPs frequently lose access to health care and medicines and rely heavily on humanitarian health-care assistance. The situation is particularly acute in the least developed countries where health-care provision is generally poor and in rural areas where facilities are sparse. In cases of large-scale displacement, the capacity of existing health-care services is often inadequate to respond to the psychological and physical health-care needs of IDPs. In urban settings, the challenges are also acute and include lack of capacity of health-care services, and challenges relating to documentation and possible discrimination. The costs of services and medicines frequently put adequate health care out of the reach of IDPs.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- Médecins Sans Frontières has highlighted the health-care challenges facing IDPs, especially in the context of conflict, noting that "while programmes exist to provide surgical and other care to these victims, the vast majority will not receive the care they need because they live in regions where the health-care system has collapsed and where it is too dangerous for independent aid agencies to operate". To achieve that target "for all at all ages", requires resolving the health-care and well-being challenges experienced by IDPs.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- During his visit to Azerbaijan in May 2014, the Special Rapporteur highlighted the difficulties IDPs encountered in accessing health services due to limited availability and supplies in IDP communities. Limited access to reproductive health services was also raised. During his visit to Ukraine in September 2014, the Special Rapporteur learned that IDPs lacked access to essential medicines, which were not available free of charge. Those IDPs requiring urgent medical care or maternal health care and those with chronic health conditions are particularly vulnerable. Congested or cramped living conditions, poor hygiene and sanitation breed and spread diseases. The psychological impact of displacement and proximity to conflict often requires specialist care, rarely available to IDPs.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- For many children in displacement situations, exclusion from education can be a long-term problem. Particularly in less developed countries, lack of resources, buildings, teachers and education materials may all create barriers to education. Lack of documentation, including birth certificates, may be a factor in States in which students must demonstrate their citizenship or residence in a region to have access to services. Discrimination may also be a factor, with schools and local authorities being reluctant to accept displaced children from different ethnic, linguistic or religious groups.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- During his visit to Haiti in July 2014, the Special Rapporteur noted that one of the main obstacles in the search for durable solutions for IDPs remained the extreme poverty from which a large portion of the population suffered and which particularly affected those displaced by the 2010 earthquake. In that context, the Special Rapporteur further reaffirmed the primary responsibility of the Government to work towards rights-based development approaches to alleviating poverty that incorporated durable solutions for IDPs.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- A 2014 European Commission paper on "Development, refugees and IDPs" states: While refugees and IDPs frequently benefit from humanitarian assistance, they are often excluded from programmes and activities carried out by development actors, with the result that their developmental needs may be neglected and efforts to achieve sustainable solutions receive inadequate attention. At the same time, host populations might not benefit from humanitarian assistance provided to refugees and IDPs, paving the way to potential conflicts between the two communities. In addition, the development needs of returnees and long-term strategies to address them have often been overlooked once back in the country or area of origin.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- IDPs frequently face gross and persistent inequality that significantly worsens their displacement and hampers their ability to integrate fully into new or host societies. Reducing inequality and discrimination within countries helps prevent displacement as well as contributing to achieving durable solutions for IDPs. Respect for the principle of equal rights ensures the well-being of IDPs. Social, economic and political inclusion of all, including IDPs, is thus key to the prevention of displacement by achieving equality within and among countries. For some ethnic, religious or national minorities, their government is the perpetrator of violence, their homes are not safe and integration into new localities may be particularly difficult.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- Effective and accessible mechanisms for justice and reconciliation should be established, with a legal mandate and the capacity to provide internally displaced persons with effective remedies for violations they may have suffered, including those committed by non-State as well as State actors. These should be geographically, culturally and economically sensitive, with simplified procedures to allow victims, regardless of their education, social status, gender and age, to pursue their claims. They should also be sensitive to specific obstacles that internally displaced persons can face, such as loss of documentation, trauma and fear of further victimization. To that end, the Special Rapporteur held joint sessions with the truth, justice and reconciliation commissions in Kenya and Côte d'Ivoire to hear testimonies from internally displaced persons during his official missions in September 2011 and July 2012, respectively.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- In situations of conflict-induced displacement, the challenges to achieving durable solutions may also include return and reintegration of internally displaced persons to former conflict areas and communities in which different ethnic or religious groups were in conflict. In Iraq, which he visited in May 2015, the Special Rapporteur noted that the return of some minority communities to their homes would require carefully managed and monitored processes of justice, reconciliation and rebuilding of trust between communities in the short, medium and long term, which could require specially trained units, police and other public officials to avoid problems and tensions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- During his follow-up visit to Kenya in May 2014, the Special Rapporteur noted that, although progress had been made in supporting durable solutions for those displaced following the post-election violence of 2007/08, significant obstacles to achieving that goal remained, most notably regarding socioeconomic and political integration. In accordance with the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the IASC Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons, he recalled that IDPs should be able to exercise their right to participate in public affairs at all levels and without discrimination on the basis of their displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- Examples of positive governance structures include dedicated ministries, departments or units responsible for IDP issues and for ensuring that attention to IDPs is mainstreamed across relevant governmental and other bodies in areas such as education, employment, health, housing and development policy. Such bodies can work to ensure that greater attention to IDPs is paid by development actors, and should be appropriately resourced and funded. High-level leadership, for example specialist bodies under the office of the president or prime minister, can ensure that IDPs are given and maintain high priority at the national level and by development actors.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- Clear references to IDPs should be included in the post-2015 goals and targets. While explicit references to IDPs may be lacking, many proposed goals and targets have the potential to directly or indirectly have a positive impact on IDPs at the national level. Nevertheless, it is essential to look beyond international cooperation and focus on the importance of national implementation. The report of the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals states that "targets are defined as aspirational global targets, with each government setting its own national targets guided by the global level of ambition but taking into account national circumstances" (A/68/970, para. 18). National authorities are responsible for providing protection and development for all and for implementing strategies and programmes to meet internationally agreed targets and goals. Countries affected by internal displacement must set their own national targets and include IDPs in national development strategies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Indicators to help to assess the implementation of the sustainable development goals at the international level are still under consideration at the time of writing. The Special Rapporteur strongly advocates the indicators to systematically address the specific situation of IDPs by mentioning them explicitly as beneficiary groups. Displacement, whether due to conflict or disaster, is truly a "global" issue, potentially affecting rich and poor countries, northern and southern States, and international indicators should consequently specifically address displacement. Equally, countries should develop their own national-level indicators, taking into account, where relevant, their actual or potential displacement situation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- [Putting the most vulnerable people first was a major Summit theme, with the objective of leaving no one behind, which was one of five key responsibilities identified in line with the 2030 Agenda. World leaders and other participants at the Summit agreed to "reach the furthest behind". It was made clear that this category includes displaced people globally. The Special Rapporteur was one of the high-level leaders at the round table in which core commitments that are directly relevant to internally displaced people were addressed. These are:] Core commitment 5. Commit to actively work to uphold the institution of asylum and the principle of non-refoulement. Commit to support further accession to and strengthened implementation of national, regional and international laws and policy frameworks that ensure and improve the protection of refugees and internally displaced persons, such as the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, the Kampala Convention and the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- In Africa, the evolution of a regional framework for internally displaced persons has helped to clarify the roles and responsibilities of States. The Kampala Convention requires States to incorporate its provisions into domestic law and to designate an authority responsible for coordinating activities aimed at protecting and assisting internally displaced persons and assign responsibilities to appropriate organs, including cooperation with international organizations or agencies. Ratifying States must adopt measures, strategies and policies on internal displacement at the national and local levels, taking into account the needs of host communities. They must provide funds for protection and assistance and incorporate principles of the Convention into peace negotiations and agreements aimed at finding sustainable solutions to internal displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- The massive displacement figures alone do little to reveal the devastating impact of conflict on civilians, particularly where international humanitarian law and human rights law are violated. Prevention and resolution of conflict are primarily the responsibility of national authorities. While, as recent experience of conflicts demonstrates, not all can be prevented or easily resolved, some conflict and violence can be prevented. It requires political will and leadership, but also concerted and timely action, strategic planning, institutional and governance structures and dedicated resources. With these in place, States can take effective steps in the area of prevention of conflict and internal displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- During the Special Rapporteur's visit to Sri Lanka in December 2013, he noted obstacles to durable solutions for IDPs in their lack of access to their original land, which prevented their return and their having sustainable livelihoods. He stressed that significant efforts were required to ensure that the livelihoods of IDPs were restored. During his visit to Ukraine in September 2014, the Special Rapporteur was informed of the difficulty faced by IDPs in finding employment and income-generating opportunities. Some IDPs described problems with their residence registration in their places of origin, their work records which remained with former employers, and discrimination when they identified themselves as IDPs.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- National and international development actors must engage with IDPs at the earliest stages of displacement and recognize that, even in cases where early return to places of origin or integration in host communities is possible and desired, the challenges facing IDPs are likely to be considerable and complex, requiring medium and long-term development-centred solutions. It may take years to fully rebuild displacement-affected communities or to integrate them fully into new communities to the extent that they achieve conditions of full equality, access to services and participation in the economic, social and public and political aspects of society.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- In December 2012, the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons (the Kampala Convention) entered into force. The first legally binding instrument specifically for IDPs, it sets obligations for States in their responses to internal displacement and aims to "establish a legal framework for preventing internal displacement, and protecting and assisting internally displaced persons in Africa". So far, 24 African Union member States have ratified and a further 37 have signed the Convention. The Special Rapporteur reiterates his call for all African States to ratify and implement the Convention, as a key step towards ensuring durable solutions for IDPs and their inclusion in development.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The plight of those in protracted displacement is relatively neglected. Failure to resolve protracted displacement accounts in large measure for the increasing populations of internally displaced persons at the global level, as new waves of displacement add to protracted layers of displacement. The longer the duration of displacement, the lower the prospect that durable solutions will be achieved. Equally, internally displaced persons outside camps are often assumed to have found their own solutions (see A/HRC/19/54). Most have not and some have chosen to remain invisible owing to protection concerns. Different methodologies are required, such as helplines and outreach programmes to identify and profile them, assess their needs in the overall context of the hosting communities and address such needs using humanitarian and development approaches. Addressing such internally displaced populations is essential to achieving national goals to solve and reduce internal displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- The relationship between humanitarian and development actors has been the subject of perennial discussion. In the Chair's summary, the Summit recognized that humanitarian needs can no longer be viewed in isolation from broader sustainable development efforts that tackle the root causes of prolonged and recurrent need. The Summit took an important step towards transcending the humanitarian-development divide while reinforcing the importance of respecting humanitarian principles and space. A commitment to action on collaborating in a new way of working was signed by the Secretary-General and eight United Nations entities and endorsed by the World Bank and the International Organization for Migration.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- National responses to internal displacement are often not integrated into national action or development plans. They are often ad hoc and conducted without clear time frames or long-term strategies or budgets in place. Attention may wane over time, resources may diminish and initial plans are revised or go unimplemented. In some cases displacement becomes protracted and transitional solutions become permanent. The political will and programme momentum may dissipate or disappear leaving internally displaced persons abandoned. Maintaining attention and resources through to the completion of durable solutions would benefit greatly from the establishment of national action plans under the framework of the Summit goal to reduce internal displacement by 2030.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- This target must be considered as a concrete commitment to action on a level with commitments and targets established under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. States affected by or facing the threat of internal displacement should consider strategic national action plans to resolve displacement, with clear time frames and monitoring and evaluation mechanisms in place, and with focused attention to achieve durable solutions. This should be done nationally and for each displacement scenario in view of the specificities of each situation and in full consultation with internally displaced persons.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- Recent displacement crises have demonstrated once again the links between internal displacement situations, the rights of internally displaced persons and the processes leading to refugee and migrant movements across borders. Internally displaced persons and refugees are often driven from their homes by similar circumstances and, for some people, internal displacement may be followed by cross-border displacement. Among the key reasons for further movement across borders are the failure of national protection systems and the lack of prospects for internally displaced persons to find solutions in their country of origin. While the nexus between internally displaced persons and refugees and that between internally displaced persons and migrants demand greater attention, it must be recalled that the majority of persons forcibly displaced by conflict and violence move and seek solutions within their countries, and internal displacement is a critical humanitarian issue in itself rather than the first stage in a migration journey.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- The nexus between internally displaced persons and refugees has been particularly evident recently in the context of the conflicts in the Syrian Arab Republic and Iraq. They have been characterized by extreme violence and disregard for the lives and human rights of civilian populations, including by ISIL, and the failure of Governments to fulfil their protection and assistance commitments. Other protracted conflict situations, including in Afghanistan, the Central African Republic, South Sudan and the Sudan have resulted in similar situations of protracted displacement, which contributes to cross-border flight.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- The primary responsibility of national Governments to take action towards achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons must be emphasized, and they must fulfil that responsibility through legal, policy and institutional frameworks and appropriate budgeting and development programme measures, including national development plans. Too often, there is an overreliance on international partners to initiate and maintain sustainable livelihood projects, for example, that should fall under the responsibility of line ministries. States are often slow to implement such programmes, and stronger steps must be taken to ensure that they meet their commitments according to international standards.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- A broad and inclusive approach to determining who is an internally displaced person is required under the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Kampala Convention. In addition to situations of armed conflict and disaster-induced displacement, both standards explicitly apply to those displaced by generalized violence. The prohibition of arbitrary displacement includes displacement based on policies of apartheid, ethnic cleansing, racial discrimination or other similar practices aimed at or resulting in altering the ethnic, religious or racial composition of the affected population, as well as displacement caused by other violations of human rights or used as a collective punishment.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- This is not often the case; compensation is often pitiful and unable to sustain livelihoods and the responsibility to ensure that development-induced displacement leads to a durable solution by relocation or settlement elsewhere in the country is avoided. Development-induced displacement and resettlement processes have resulted in landlessness, joblessness, homelessness, marginalization, food insecurity, increased morbidity and mortality, loss of access to common property and ancestral lands and social disintegration, and have a cumulative impact seen in massive impoverishment and even death.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- Many regions are affected by generalized violence resulting in internal displacement. For example, Central America, including the Northern Triangle countries of El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras, is deeply affected by generalized and gang-related violence. The Special Rapporteur visited Honduras in November 2015 and found that displacement as a result of gang-related (maras) and generalized violence is widespread and there is an "invisible epidemic" affecting whole communities and neighbourhoods. For many, the only option to escape threats, extortion and violence by the maras is to leave their homes and, often, their country. The Special Rapporteur commended the Government of Honduras for being the first in the region to publicly acknowledge the problem and to undertake an in-depth profiling to gain a better understanding of the situation. He urged it to put in place overdue protection measures for internally displaced persons.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- International law and standards and national laws are sometimes given scant regard when approving development projects or granting business concessions that result in internal displacement. Often, there may be only a symbolic recognition of such standards, including the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement. In other disturbing cases, development projects and agendas are pursued with the use of force and the forced displacement of communities from their lands and territories involving the use of military or paramilitary units, using threats, intimidation and killings.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 59j
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to:] [International organizations, including humanitarian, development and peacebuilding actors, as relevant] Ensure systematic and early engagement of humanitarian and development actors, and all other relevant sectors, to develop solution strategies and identify mechanisms to promote an integrated approach to solutions from the early stages of displacement onwards;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- Two other mechanisms for reporting on compliance are outlined in the Kampala Convention. States must report on the measures they have taken to give effect to the Convention whenever they present their reports under article 62 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (art. 14.4). States Members of the African Union that have joined the African Peer Review Mechanism (must also report on such measures when they present their reports under the Mechanism (art. 14.4).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- Other measures relevant to protection and assistance during displacement that the Convention requires States to take include, but are not limited to, support for registration and the provision or replacement of personal documentation (art. 13). The Convention stresses, however, that the failure to issue internally displaced persons with such documents should not in any way impair the exercise or enjoyment of their human rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- The mandate will seek to continue to dialogue and work with all relevant actors, including the members of the IASC, within which this issue was raised for discussion earlier this year, in order to improve the humanitarian response and the search for durable solutions for IDPs and displacement-affected communities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur recommends that States effectively address internal displacement on their respective territories and ensure that the Kampala Convention is implemented at the national, regional and international levels.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- The national institutional focal point has the critical role of planning, managing and coordinating protection-related activities and programmes, including the provision of immediate relief and assistance. While delivery of services on the ground will fall to other designated implementing actors, having an institutional focal point as the sole entity responsible for supervising all the efforts is critical.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] States: Provide gender-sensitive training to police, military forces, judiciary and social workers, including on preventing and addressing SGBV in displacement situations;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Humanitarian and development organizations: More concertedly integrate women of different ages, diverse capacities and socioeconomic backgrounds into consultation and participation processes, with a view to increasing community ownership of decisions and initiatives;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Humanitarian and development organizations: Identify and integrate lessons from past consultation and participation processes with IDW in order to improve participatory practices;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- Patterns of urban displacement are multiple and encompass displacement from rural to urban areas and inter-urban and intra-urban displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- Population displacements are likely to result from or be exacerbated by a number of different changes in our physical climate and environment, including:
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will continue and enhance work carried out under the mandate to ensure that internally displaced persons are not left behind, including in the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. While there is no specific target relating to internal displacement, the Special Rapporteur emphasizes that it is incumbent upon States experiencing internal displacement to establish national implementation programmes and plans that recognize that internally displaced persons are among the most vulnerable populations, who have multiple challenges and needs relating to development priorities — including in the areas of education, health, housing, land, livelihoods and poverty.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will continue essential work to promote the development and implementation of legal and policy frameworks that are key to addressing internal displacement at all levels. While her predecessors played a leadership role in developing key international, regional and national frameworks, including the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the IASC Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons, the Special Rapporteur will prioritize implementation and operationalization of these standards, in close collaboration with national governments, regional mechanisms and other relevant stakeholders. She will advocate for standards to be translated into domestic law and policy and will assist States and other organizations through direct engagement, recommendations, awareness-raising and mobilization of support. In line with this, the mandate holder will continue to co-chair, with UNHCR, the Global Protection Cluster’s task team on law and policy.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- Enhanced international attention has been given to large movements of refugees and migrants, including in the context of the United Nations Summit for Refugees and Migrants, held in New York on 19 September 2016, and of subsequent processes under way to adopt global compacts on safe, orderly and regular migration and on refugees by September 2018. The Special Rapporteur urges the international community to ensure that it maintains much-needed attention on the situation of internally displaced persons, recognizing that many who have crossed international borders as refugees or undocumented or trafficked migrants have initially been internally displaced in their own countries and have not been provided with the necessary protection and support allowing them to remain in their own countries if they so wish.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- At the national level, the Special Rapporteur has been deeply concerned by challenges experienced on the ground by humanitarian and development partners in the delivery of their essential services and assistance. These include challenges regarding access to persons and communities affected by internal displacement, due to security concerns or restrictions imposed by national governments, as well as by non-State armed groups and similar non-State actors, particularly in conflict situations. These obstacles seriously hamper their ability to provide essential and life-saving support. The Special Rapporteur will support and collaborate with United Nations agencies and bodies to advocate strongly for States to fulfil their obligations under international humanitarian and human rights law and standards to provide free and unfettered access to all communities in need of assistance. In this context, the Special Rapporteur would also like to give due attention to the role of non-State actors.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is alarmed by the inadequate levels of funding available for the essential work of humanitarian and development partners and civil society, especially those on the ground. She applauds the international donor community for its essential funding of humanitarian and development responses globally. She urges donors to maintain and expand essential funding, while incorporating the provisions of the Grand Bargain on humanitarian financing, including flexibility of funding to facilitate new approaches to humanitarian crises, and new ways of working to provide greater attention to durable solutions to internal displacement. A shortfall of funding by some national governments to adequately address their internal displacement situations, as well as mismanagement of funds, poor governance and lack of accountability, have, in some cases, created overreliance on the international community, which is unsustainable in the long term.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- The picture of internal displacement and the plight of internally displaced persons globally have offered little positive news in recent years. Massive and ongoing conflicts and displacement crises remain unresolved, and some have worsened or become entrenched. New conflicts have emerged and disasters struck, causing internal displacement numbers to rise relentlessly to record levels, which puts new pressure on an already overstretched international system of humanitarian response. Where conflicts have abated, internally displaced persons often do not achieve durable solutions for years after their displacement, if at all. The protracted nature of some conflicts and internal displacement all too often results in protracted humanitarian responses that fail to progress to recovery phases and towards durable solutions for internally displaced persons. In some cases, donor fatigue results in fewer resources being available to address expanding and complex caseloads of internally displaced persons.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- Indeed, the numbers of internally displaced persons globally are in fact likely to be significantly higher than those publicly stated by the United Nations and other international organizations, which only take into account the available data on conflict-induced and disaster-induced displacement. It is estimated that millions more are displaced annually by other causes and drivers of displacement, including development projects and generalized violence. It must also be recognized that there is a need for greater research and more data on internal displacement as a result of slow-onset disasters and climate change, in order to reveal the current and future internal displacement trends and to better meet these challenges. The Special Rapporteur will continue to raise awareness of these neglected areas of internal displacement concern, as well as to advocate for national and international action to protect the human rights of persons who have been internally displaced as a result of all causes of displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- During his tenure, the former Special Rapporteur focused on durable solutions as an essential pillar of the responses to internal displacement from the very onset of displacement. As durable solutions remain elusive and many internally displaced persons globally still live in protracted displacement, the Special Rapporteur is convinced that durable solutions must remain high on the agenda if all stakeholders are to address internal displacement in a comprehensive way. Promoting durable solutions for internally displaced persons will continue to be a primary focus of the work of the mandate, and new initiatives towards this goal will include focused thematic attention to strengthening the participation of internally displaced persons in decisions affecting them, and to ensuring that internally displaced persons are included fully in transitional justice, the restoration of housing, land and property, and peacebuilding processes, which are essential components of durable solutions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- The Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement establish that the prohibition of arbitrary displacement includes displacement “in cases of large-scale development projects, which are not justified by compelling and overriding public interests” (principle No. 6). While recognizing the significant benefits that development projects often bring to societies more widely, especially those in less developed countries, questions remain as to the appropriate criteria and parameters to be applied in cases where development could lead to internal displacement. The Special Rapporteur will consult with global and national development actors, including United Nations bodies and agencies, and other stakeholders, with the objective of clarifying the practices employed and the criteria applied at all phases of development processes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 94
- Paragraph text
- Internally displaced persons and others affected by armed conflict and disasters have a right to request and receive humanitarian assistance. The State has a corresponding obligation to ensure all necessary humanitarian assistance. This entails specific duties, including the duty to plan, coordinate, protect and not impede humanitarian assistance, as well as a duty not to arbitrarily withhold consent to offered humanitarian assistance.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- Ongoing efforts in the context of Security Council resolutions 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008 )and 1888 (2009), which seek, inter alia, to strengthen women's participation in decision-making and their agency in conflict prevention, early recovery and governance, as well as in ending conflict related sexual violence and impunity, are important in the context of internal displacement. Equally relevant to the situation of women and girls in internal displacement situations are a number of other instruments, including the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the fundamental guarantees provided for in international humanitarian law. Despite these frameworks, the international community has paid insufficient attention to the particular human rights situation and solutions for women and girls in the specific context of internal displacement. The Special Rapporteur proposes to devote particular attention to exploring the gender dimensions of internal displacement, including by strengthening links with the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the Committee on the Rights of the Child and other relevant bodies and organizations, in order to address the specific human rights violations and discriminatory practices which impact on women and girls at every stage of the displacement process, and by examining alternative solutions and prevention strategies which would be especially effective for them.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- The development of the Guiding Principles was an essential first step in establishing a normative framework providing international minimum standards for the treatment of internally displaced persons. A second wave of normative and operational advances which would translate the Guiding Principles into concrete programmes and legal and policy frameworks on the ground would eventually become possible thanks to the broad-based acceptance and growing authority of the Guiding Principles.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- Although the 1998 Guiding Principles already identify natural disasters as one of the causes of internal displacement, natural disasters and their human consequences were for a long time not considered through the lens of internal displacement. This changed in the wake of large-scale disasters such as the tsunami of 2004 and Hurricane Katrina in 2005, with the Representative emphasizing the relevance of the Guiding Principles to such situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- Such disregard for the human rights of those affected by natural disasters is not necessarily intentional, but often results from inappropriate policies, a lack of capacity to appropriately respond to the disaster and the challenges of reconstruction, or simple oversight. Therefore, it is necessary to use a human rights based approach to early warning, disaster contingency planning, disaster management and mitigation, and efforts to find durable solutions for the displaced.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- In rural settings, internally displaced persons often stay with host families or host communities. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, for instance, an estimated 70 per cent of internally displaced persons have been taken in by host families in keeping with African traditions of hospitality. Accessing and supporting these internally displaced persons and their hosts are often not given enough priority by national authorities and their humanitarian partners.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- The Representative is concerned that there are several States that host large numbers of internally displaced persons but do not recognize them as such - sometimes going to great lengths to re-label the internally displaced as "mobile and vulnerable populations", "dislocated people" or "internal migrants" despite international recognition of the description of internally displaced persons in the Guiding Principles (see above, paragraphs 11-14).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- The Representative is very concerned that the humanitarian space required to effectively protect and assist internally displaced persons is shrinking. Long-standing logistical difficulties in accessing people in crisis areas have been compounded by serious security concerns for humanitarian workers. In 2008, 260 humanitarian aid workers were killed, kidnapped or seriously injured in violent attacks, more than in any previous year on record.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- Achieving durable solutions depends to varying degrees on progress in responding to structural challenges. This includes ensuring that urban planning, environmental protection, security sector reform, natural resource management and tenure reform efforts are effective and consider the particular concerns facing internally displaced persons. Governments and other actors are sometimes eager to promote return as the preferred solution. Durable solutions strategies must, however, be cognizant of the ways in which structural challenges may affect the decisions of internally displaced persons. For example, urbanization of internally displaced persons during the displacement phase may render rural returns less viable. Durable solutions strategies must respect the rights to freedom of movement and residency of internally displaced persons and should take into account considerations such as political and geographical divides (including tensions between central and periphery regions) and environmental sustainability. Owing to the vulnerability that internally displaced persons often face (e.g. discrimination, impoverishment and marginalization in decision-making), they may be excluded from or negatively affected by development activities in regions emerging from conflict. For example, internally displaced persons may be forced out of informal urban settlements or peripheral areas to make way for the construction of schools and business ventures.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- Given that the Kampala Convention was drafted and negotiated with a view to its implementation, States should continue to cooperate in joint efforts to, on the one hand, ratify the Convention, and domesticate it, on the other. In this regard, and with the support of the African Union, a working group should be established to support the domestication of the Convention at the national level and to formulate a plan of action for the region.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 87a
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur also recommends that States Members of the African Union:] Adopt comprehensive and detailed national instruments, institutional and legal frameworks to address internal displacement, in accordance with the Kampala Convention and informed as relevant by the AU Model Law; and establish a coordination mechanism under the relevant ministry, involving all stakeholders, including civil society organizations, for the development of national policy;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Humanitarian and development organizations: Strengthen gender mainstreaming efforts, in particular by providing comprehensive gender training for staff at all levels, consistently conducting gender analysis and developing more precise indicators to assess implementation of mainstreaming policies; include senior management/decision-makers as well as operational staff in such training and outreach activities;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Humanitarian and development organizations: Strengthen support for national and international efforts to collect, update, analyse and disseminate both quantitative and qualitative data on IDPs (including those outside camps), displacement-affected communities, and communities at risk of displacement, which are disaggregated by age, sex, location and other relevant factors;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Humanitarian and development organizations: Ensure meaningful participation of IDW and girls in the development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of laws, policies, programmes and activities that affect their lives at all stages of displacement, through ongoing and direct engagement in identifying priorities and devising and implementing responses to them;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- Internally displaced persons in informal urban settlements typically reside in makeshift shelters, where they are barely protected from intruders and are exposed to the risk of sexual and gender-based violence. Urban displacement leads to changes in gender relations, thereby increasing risks of domestic violence, sexual and gender-based violence, survival sex, exploitation and forced labour. Access to protection and assistance for internally displaced women is vital.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- In its article 4 (6), the Convention calls upon States to ensure the individual responsibility for acts of arbitrary displacement perpetrated by State officials, as well as by non-State entities, including multinational companies or private security organizations. In particular, article 7 (4) of the Convention provides that States must hold members of armed groups criminally responsible for human rights abuses and violations of international humanitarian law.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 100
- Paragraph text
- An absence of legal protection and practical policy and programme responses is evident in many States experiencing internal displacement, whether owing to conflict, disasters, development or other causes. They should enact national laws in line with the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and other international standards, and institutional and policy frameworks to respond to internal displacement situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 91b
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Comply fully with international humanitarian law and human rights law and respect the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement. States affected by or at risk of internal displacement should adopt legislation and policy on internal displacement in line with international and regional law and standards;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 91f
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Based on international standards and the establishment of national targets and indicators, set time-bound and monitored objectives for the reduction of internal displacement in keeping with the Sustainable Development Goals, with particular attention given to situations of protracted displacement;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 101
- Paragraph text
- In order to achieve concrete results and establish stronger operational and accountability structures, greater focus must now be placed on policy and programme implementation at the regional, national and subnational levels. This requires enhancing actions and advocacy in regional and national level forums on specific adaptations measures to address climate change-related displacement, both internal and regional.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 67b
- Paragraph text
- [In view of the above, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to:] National authorities: Ratify and implement the Kampala Convention - for member States of the African Union; implement the Pact on Security, Stability and Development in the Great Lakes Region - for member States of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- The lack of a systemic, equitable and human rights based approach to IDPs outside camps frequently results in protracted, secondary or repeated waves of displacement, and the exacerbation of poverty and vulnerabilities for IDPs, those hosting them, and for the society as a whole in countries where mass and unassisted displacements are frequent.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 103
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] [Donor States] Increase the length of the funding cycle to allow actors to meet immediate and long-term needs, and consider bridging the gap in aid budgets between emergency relief and development aid to allow more comprehensive development-led responses to internal displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- These reconceptualizations are important to integrating displacement and durable solutions into national, regional and municipal development plans and peacebuilding and transitional justice strategies. In this context, it is essential to see durable solutions as options available to internally displaced persons, moving beyond viewing return as a litmus test for stability and recognizing that returnees may be affected by a range of socioeconomic and security concerns. To better understand the ways in which peacebuilding approaches may support durable solutions (including through strengthening civil society groups, analysing sectarian dynamics, managing conflict in return communities and facilitating dialogue between conflicted groups), it may be helpful for the Peacebuilding Support Office to undertake a thematic review of the issue. Such a review could promote more consistent engagement in support of solutions from within the peacebuilding community and help humanitarian and development actors to effectively integrate peacebuilding approaches into durable solutions interventions, with support from the Peacebuilding Fund and from the peace and development advisers jointly deployed by UNDP and the Department of Political Affairs of the Secretariat.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will continue to engage in global and regional initiatives and processes to identify, raise awareness of and concretely address the impact of slow-onset disasters and climate change and its implications on internal displacement. The Special Rapporteur considers that more attention needs to be given to this evolving issue, particularly to the links between climate change and internal displacement, and their implications in relation to human security and conflict.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- States must plan for the necessary resources to provide humanitarian assistance. A number of countries, such as Costa Rica and Madagascar, require all national authorities to earmark budget lines for disaster preparedness and response activities. Ethiopia established the National Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Fund, as well as the Emergency Food Security Reserve. In order to fulfil their responsibilities to ensure the survival and basic welfare of their population, Governments can, and should, also draw on the complementary capacities of such local actors as the national Red Cross or Red Crescent societies and of international humanitarian actors.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- The Representative considers that greater efforts have to be made on the part of the international community to work with national and local authorities in weak States and strengthen their capacities, instead of taking the easier short cut of substitution that often leads to a dead end. Encouraging the development of laws and policies on internal displacement can be a first step to engaging the relevant authorities. Laws and policies of course do not automatically result in action on the ground, but they are a necessary precondition for authorities to assume their expected role. If soundly drafted, they define responsibilities within government, establish coordination mechanisms and set priorities and activities to which national budget lines and earmarked donor funding can be tied.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 86c
- Paragraph text
- [Much of the internal displacement taking place today is linked to violations of international human rights and humanitarian law. Arbitrary displacement could be prevented, but too often those responsible act with impunity and no one is held accountable. The Representative recommends that member States:] Prevent and mitigate disaster-induced displacement by adopting and implementing early warning mechanisms and disaster risk reduction measures. States should make reparation where authorities negligently fail to take all necessary and reasonable measures to protect the population from natural or human made hazards;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 86d
- Paragraph text
- [Much of the internal displacement taking place today is linked to violations of international human rights and humanitarian law. Arbitrary displacement could be prevented, but too often those responsible act with impunity and no one is held accountable. The Representative recommends that member States:] Limit forced evictions to exceptional circumstances, ensure that all relevant due process guarantees are respected and provide the evicted with adequate compensation and alternative housing and livelihood opportunities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- The 2005 humanitarian reform initiative created an early recovery cluster, with UNDP as lead, thus acknowledging the importance of the transition between humanitarian action in emergency situations and steps towards full recovery. The Representative has on several occasions observed a gap between the phasing out by humanitarian actors and the arrival of development actors. He stresses the need for humanitarian and development actors to work hand in hand and to begin recovery activities as early as possible. Present weaknesses in early recovery activities are exacerbated by underfunding of the early recovery cluster and the lack of flexible funding mechanisms in this area.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- The Kampala Convention, for example, requires national authorities to request international assistance when available resources are inadequate to protect and assist internally displaced persons. The Great Lakes Protocol obliges States to "facilitate rapid and unimpeded humanitarian access and assistance to internally displaced persons" (article 3, para. 6). Colombia's law on internally displaced persons specifically recognizes the rights of the displaced to assistance and a corresponding right of the international community to provide humanitarian assistance.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- According to this Principle, which reflects the position of the Security Council, the General Assembly and regional organizations, States must exercise their sovereign rights in good faith and in line with the responsibilities sovereignty entails, including the human rights obligation to ensure the provision of necessary humanitarian assistance. Similarly, according to customary international humanitarian law applicable in situations of international as well as non international armed conflicts, parties to a conflict "must allow and facilitate rapid and unimpeded passage of humanitarian relief for civilians in need, which is impartial in character and conducted without any adverse distinction, subject to their right of control".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 85a
- Paragraph text
- [While the protection of internally displaced persons is the primary responsibility of national authorities, many of the countries most affected by internal displacement have weak State institutions with little capacity to assume this responsibility. The Representative urges all member States to show solidarity with the displaced and other crisis-affected populations and recommends that they:] Promote recognition of the Guiding Principles at the national level, including through domestic law and policies;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- The Representative has consistently emphasized that allowing internally displaced persons to normalize their living situation does not in any way extinguish their right to return. On the contrary, people who have regained control of their lives are in a much stronger position to eventually achieve a durable solution, while also posing less of a burden to local communities and social services. The Representative has engaged with the Governments of Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Serbia and Turkey on this issue and notes that this has led to some positive policy changes on the part of the Governments concerned.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- Modern peace agreements emphasize the right to return of all displaced, which is a positive trend. At the same time, there is a tendency to neglect those who are not willing or able to return. The Representative, sometimes with success, has suggested on several occasions to negotiators that they recognize the right of internally displaced persons to freely choose between return, local integration and settlement in another part of the country in accordance with the Guiding Principles. Involving all sectors of the displaced at least indirectly in peace processes, an issue on which the Representative has worked extensively, should ensure that peace agreements and peacebuilding efforts reflect the rights, needs and legitimate interests of the displaced.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Protracted displacement can also be the product of political indifference on the part of national authorities, development actors and donors. Internally displaced persons, who may have received generous humanitarian assistance at the height of a crisis, are often forgotten as soon as the guns fall silent or the flood waters recede. Without assistance in re-establishing their lives (and their livelihoods in particular) the displaced enter a vicious cycle of dependency on aid and protracted displacement. The continued failure of the donor community to adequately fund early recovery strategies and activities is particularly worrisome in this regard.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- Durable solutions for internally displaced persons - the very opposite of protracted displacement - are often simplistically equated with returns. It is important to emphasize that a durable solution can be achieved through (a) return and sustainable reintegration in the place of origin, (b) sustainable integration in local areas where internally displaced persons have taken refuge, or (c) settlement and sustainable integration in any other part of the country. There is no inherent hierarchy among these options. The internally displaced have the right to make an informed and voluntary choice as to the durable solution they would like to pursue.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- Building a durable solution is a complex process of gradually achieving a situation where the internally displaced no longer have any displacement-specific needs and can enjoy their human rights without discrimination related to their displacement. Families torn apart by conflict or disaster have to be reunited. Livelihoods, housing, land and property and public services have to be reconstructed so that internally displaced persons can enjoy an adequate standard of living. In cases involving arbitrary displacement and other serious violations, it is often also necessary to restore a sense of justice and provide the displaced with effective remedies for the violations they suffered (see also above in chapter III, section G).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 85e
- Paragraph text
- [While the protection of internally displaced persons is the primary responsibility of national authorities, many of the countries most affected by internal displacement have weak State institutions with little capacity to assume this responsibility. The Representative urges all member States to show solidarity with the displaced and other crisis-affected populations and recommends that they:] Incorporate the Guiding Principles into international monitoring mechanisms such as the universal periodic review of the Human Rights Council and regional instruments;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 87b
- Paragraph text
- [Durable solutions constitute the ultimate form of protection for internally displaced persons. At the same time, the Representative sees some of the greatest problems in this area. Short-sighted political calculations often create protracted displacement situations, which are particularly difficult to transform into durable solutions. Despite some advances, donors and development actors are still not providing enough support for durable solutions, especially crucial investments in early recovery. The Representative recommends that member States:] Closely cooperate with humanitarian and development actors, on the basis of the Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons, to establish processes and conditions to ensure that internally displaced persons can find a safe and dignified durable solution of their choice;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 87c
- Paragraph text
- [Durable solutions constitute the ultimate form of protection for internally displaced persons. At the same time, the Representative sees some of the greatest problems in this area. Short-sighted political calculations often create protracted displacement situations, which are particularly difficult to transform into durable solutions. Despite some advances, donors and development actors are still not providing enough support for durable solutions, especially crucial investments in early recovery. The Representative recommends that member States:] Ensure that the displaced are at least indirectly involved in peace processes so that peace agreements and peacebuilding initiatives reflect their rights, needs and legitimate interests;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 87d
- Paragraph text
- [Durable solutions constitute the ultimate form of protection for internally displaced persons. At the same time, the Representative sees some of the greatest problems in this area. Short-sighted political calculations often create protracted displacement situations, which are particularly difficult to transform into durable solutions. Despite some advances, donors and development actors are still not providing enough support for durable solutions, especially crucial investments in early recovery. The Representative recommends that member States:] Develop more appropriate funding mechanisms to bridge the gap between emergency funding and development funding, which results in the systematic underfunding of recovery activities. Funding mechanisms must be flexible enough to respond not only to the needs of internally displaced persons themselves, but also to the needs of all displacement-affected communities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- With the term of the Representative coming to an end in the late summer of 2010, the Council will have to decide about the future of the mandate. The Representative is of the opinion that the activities undertaken under the mandate have made a significant contribution to the promotion and protection of the human rights of internally displaced persons. The activities carried out under the mandate have contributed to the progressive development of the relevant conceptual, normative and institutional frameworks, and concrete improvements in respect of a number of specific country situations have been achieved.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- The nature of the mandate - situated at the heart of the United Nations system - and its access to many different agencies and offices, in particular all levels of the Inter-Agency Standing Committee, have been key features that have contributed to its effectiveness. It has also proven to be important that the Human Rights Council designated the Representative to mainstream the human rights of internally displaced persons and flagged thematic priorities for him to consider, such as the protection of the displaced in situations of natural disaster or their involvement in peace processes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur on the right to food for example, has analysed the adverse impact of extreme climate changes on livelihoods and food security. The impact of climate change on agricultural production in developing countries in particular, which has been well documented, will result in volatile markets and threaten the right to food for millions of people. It may be necessary to address and re-evaluate methods of agricultural production, in addition to addressing humanitarian assistance needs. Research and decisions made with regard to agricultural approaches and other measures to ensure food security and resource management will profoundly affect displacement patterns.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 96f
- Paragraph text
- [The Representative calls on all Member States to shape a rule-based framework to international humanitarian assistance, taking into account the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement as well as the Guidelines for the Domestic Facilitation and Regulation of International Disaster Relief and Initial Recovery Assistance and, in particular to:] Set out effective monitoring, quality control and complaint mechanisms to verify and guide the provision of humanitarian assistance, and allow independent monitoring;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- Measures to address these vulnerabilities and meet the challenges related to climate change-induced displacement should be informed and supported by a human rights-based approach which is applied at all phases of displacement and disaster response. The Nansen principles, developed at the Nansen Conference on Climate Change and Displacement (see para. 15 above), underscored the need for such an approach. Principle I states that "responses to climate and environmentally-related displacement need to be informed by adequate knowledge and guided by the fundamental principles of humanity, human dignity, human rights and international cooperation".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Holding a central place in this framework are the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement (see note 6 above), which are based on standards in international human rights and humanitarian law and, by analogy, international refugee law. While not legally binding as such, the Guiding Principles restate relevant hard law and have been affirmed by the international community as "an important international framework for the protection of internally displaced persons". They have served as an important normative standard for the protection of persons displaced in a variety of contexts including conflict, serious human rights violations, natural disasters, and development projects.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 100
- Paragraph text
- Increased international support is needed to strengthen local and national capacities and legal frameworks and policies to address displacement resulting from the effects of climate change. This cooperation and assistance, and the full implementation of paragraph 14 (f) of the Cancun Adaptation Framework, will be essential to support States in taking all necessary steps to respect, protect and fulfil the rights of affected persons in accordance with their international human rights obligations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- Adaptation measures to address climate change-induced displacement should be comprehensive in nature, so as to encompass disaster risk reduction and management; proactive strategies to prevent or minimize displacement; planned relocations, when appropriate; pre-emptive internal migration when this is based on sound national policies and used as a coping mechanism in the case of slow-onset disasters; and durable solutions. Such measures must be in line with international human rights obligations, and include the provision of humanitarian assistance and protection to affected persons during the displacement phase.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- The various climate change adaptation funds should incorporate support for adaptation measures related to climate change-induced internal displacement. They should support the efforts of national Governments in this regard as well as community engagement. Financing mechanisms should adopt a comprehensive approach to displacement-related adaptation measures, running the gamut from prevention to durable solutions as detailed above, and uphold safeguards with regard to forced displacements and planned relocations. Such mechanisms should keep abreast of relevant research and be consistent with normative developments in this field.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- The socio-economic impact of climate change is expected to have significant consequences for the enjoyment of human rights, for the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals and for human security (A/HRC/10/61) In this context, internal displacement represents a further challenge of adaptation to the effects of climate change. In its resolution 64/162 of 18 December 2009, the General Assembly recognized natural disasters as a cause of internal displacement and voiced concern about factors, such as climate change, that were expected to exacerbate the impact of natural hazards, and climate-related slow-onset events.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- The Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement were drafted and subject to a broad-based consultation process from 1996 to 1998, and finalized at a conference of 50 international experts in Vienna, hosted by the Government of Austria. In 1998, the Special Representative presented the outcome of this work to the Human Rights Commission, which unanimously adopted resolution 1998/50, in which it took note of the Guiding Principles and of the Special Representative's stated intention to use them in his ongoing dialogue with Governments and other relevant actors. An annotated version of the Guiding Principles published in 2000 further improved understanding of their legal foundations by detailing the provisions in hard law on which each of the Guiding Principles is based.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- As the first, and thus far only, legally binding regional instrument on internal displacement, the adoption of the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons (Kampala Convention) in October 2009 is a major achievement. It represents the will and determination of African States to address the problem of internal displacement in Africa, which is home to 12 million internally displaced persons, and over 40 per cent of all IDPs worldwide who have been displaced due to conflict or violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- According to experts, the very "concentration of resources, assets and services in cities can lead to more debilitating impacts of disasters, conflict and violence". This has drawn the attention of the humanitarian community and urban specialists to the particular impact on urban settings of climate change, with a focus on the increasing urban vulnerability gap, housing challenges and the need to move away from only focusing on humanitarian response and develop disaster prevention strategies specific to urban settings.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- Since its endorsement, a total of 29 of the 53 African Union Member States have signed the Convention and three States, namely Uganda, Sierra Leone and Chad, have ratified it. However, in order to enter into force and become legally binding, the Convention must be ratified by a minimum of 15 countries. The Special Rapporteur strongly urges all African States to ratify the Convention, even if they are not presently affected by displacement. The Convention will ensure that these countries too are prepared and can provide protection to their populations from forced displacement, as well in the event of a natural disaster. Moreover, it is now vital that African Member States follow through and conclude the process which began with the adoption of the Convention, by speedily signing and ratifying the Convention so that it may actually come into force.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- The Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement explicitly call on States to provide protection for women and girls, including by safeguarding them from gender-specific violence and by ensuring their rights to equal access to services and participation in assistance programs. Yet, we know that abuses against displaced women and girls continue to be perpetrated with impunity in many parts of the world, and that many do not have adequate access to key rights and services, or to adequate physical, legal or social protection. While efforts have been made to strengthen legal protection for displaced women who are survivors of sexual and gender-based violence, more needs to be done both at this level, as well as in terms of concrete assistance so that these women and their families can rebuild their lives and durable solutions be found together with them. Assistance without durable solutions will never be sufficient to improve their situation and their vulnerability to further abuse and human rights violations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- More recently, a study published in 2011 used the Framework for National Responsibility as a basis to examine the manner and extent to which national authorities were addressing internal displacement in 15 of the 20 countries most affected by internal displacement due to conflict, generalized violence and human rights violations. One of the study's main findings was that national human rights institutions can play a pivotal role in improving national responses to internal displacement. In particular, they have played an important role in raising awareness of internal displacement, monitoring displacement situations and returns, investigating individual complaints, advocating for and advising Governments on the drafting of national policies to address internal displacement, and monitoring and reporting on the implementation of national policies and legislation. The Special Rapporteur is pleased that an increasing number of national human rights institutions are integrating internal displacement into their work, and will continue supporting them in this critical role.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- According to recent estimates, at the end of 2011 the number of persons internally displaced owing to armed conflict, generalized violence or human rights violations stood at 26.4 million. This figure included new large-scale displacements in several regions, including in Africa and the Middle East. Protracted displacement, including long-standing situations in which one or more generations have grown up in displacement, were also a key feature of displacement trends in 2011, affecting an estimated 40 countries. The current figure of nearly 27 million internally displaced persons worldwide reflects a steady increase over the past 15 years due to new displacements but also to unresolved protracted displacement situations and ongoing internal conflicts. In the late 1990s this figure was less than 20 million.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- The majority of such displacements over the past four years have been due to a small number of large and megadisasters. Although megadisasters are relatively rare they have a great impact on internal displacement figures. In terms of the number of internally displaced persons, in 2011 the top 10 disasters continued to be in Asia, including multiple events in China, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Japan. In contrast to the visibility of large and megadisasters, many smaller disasters go relatively underreported. Yet, their impact on low-income households and communities, especially if they are recurrent, has the effect of undermining resilience and aggravating vulnerabilities or creating new ones. As such, they are an issue deserving of further attention by humanitarian and development actors alike.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- Although significant data and research exist with regard to displacement due to sudden onset hazards, slow onset natural hazards and disasters, for example drought and desertification, and their impact on internal displacement are a feature of climate change which is less understood and on which far fewer data are readily available. It is essential that work continue to be undertaken in this area in order to improve the monitoring of displacement patterns, the availability and quality of data collection, and appropriate prevention and response systems.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- In 1992, the United Nations Secretary-General noted that indeed there was no clear statement of the human rights of internally displaced persons and that international law in that regard consisted in a patchwork of customary and conventional standards (E/CN.4/1992/23, para. 103). He called for the elaboration of guidelines that would clarify the implications of existing human rights law for persons who were internally displaced, and fashion from existing standards one comprehensive, universally applicable body of principles which addressed the main needs and problems of such persons (ibid., para. 104).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- Other factors conducive to durable solutions include re-establishing local economies and livelihoods, encouraging self-reliance in affected communities and promoting their participation in all activities, from humanitarian assistance delivery to engagement with development actors. In the case of resettlement or relocation, strategies related to land, housing and livelihoods are essential, as is a community-based approach which takes account of the needs of receiving communities. Increased internal displacement will also require mechanisms to address possible integration challenges and tensions with receiving communities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- The term "host community" has been used to depict a community hosting a camp, or a non-camp population. However it has also become a "catch-all" term, which often obscures the complexity and variety of communities in which IDPs live. The kinds of host communities vary widely across contexts. In many cases, 'host communities' simply refers to communities in which relatives or friends take in a family member. At other times, they refer to communities in locations to which IDPs have fled and remain during their period of displacement. Often host communities and host families may be poor or living in precarious conditions themselves. They may lack physical security, adequate access to basic services, and may have been impacted by conflict or a natural disaster as well. In some cases host communities are receiving new arrivals while in others they may be reintegrating returnees. In other contexts, such as those subject to repeated or cyclical displacements, host communities may be made up of IDPs who have simply been displaced longer.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 59 A
- Paragraph text
- [In view of the above, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] While practices to assess the needs and assist IDPs outside camp and their host communities already exist among some international and national actors, greater efforts and more comprehensive and predictable systems are required. Towards this end, humanitarian and development actors (including the donor community) at the national and international levels, and with the participation of civil society and affected communities, should: Promote, develop and implement strategies which extend the concept of assistance to include early recovery and development interventions in order to strengthen basic services and infrastructures of affected communities, and enhance the achievement of durable solutions for IDPs outside camps;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 67g
- Paragraph text
- Continue to identify and address the various causes of internal displacement, emerging issues and areas which need to be strengthened through improved understanding, methodologies, approaches and responses. Such areas include, inter alia, the impact of global megatrends on internal displacement; responses to internally displaced persons outside of camps; frameworks and approaches to better promote the meaningful participation and empowerment of internally displaced women; strategies to revive practical and political action in protracted displacement situations; and bridging of the humanitarian/development gap by analysing and addressing the structural, institutional and operational factors which sustain it and impede early recovery and durable solutions;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 59 G
- Paragraph text
- [In view of the above, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Within the framework of IASC, initiate a process to consider the existing practices, gaps and relevant issues relating to IDPs outside camps, with a view to the development of strategies and mechanisms to strengthen related humanitarian and development responses. Suggested steps could include: Adequately taking into account IDPs outside camps in all relevant IASC work, including its task forces;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- The present report builds on the long history of efforts by the current mandate holder and his predecessors to support efforts to resolve displacement and reflects the Special Rapporteur's decision to make achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons a priority of the second term of his mandate. In this context, he welcomes the increasingly widespread recognition of the need for a paradigm shift that recognizes displacement not only as a humanitarian concern, but also as a development and peacebuilding challenge in the period after armed conflict. He is also pleased to note a number of important new opportunities to address this issue, including decision No. 2011/20 of the Policy Committee, in which the Secretary-General endorsed the preliminary framework on ending displacement in the aftermath of conflict (hereinafter "Secretary-General's Framework"), which establishes priorities and responsibilities to support the delivery of durable solutions for internally displaced persons and refugees returning to their country of origin; the Transitional Solutions Initiative by UNDP, UNHCR and the World Bank, which is aimed at ending the dependency of displaced persons on humanitarian assistance, creating sustainable livelihoods for them and improving conditions for the host communities; the negotiation of the post-2015 development agenda; the evolution of debates on early recovery, resilience and State fragility; and the piloting of new donor arrangements such as the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- Displacement in urban areas can stem from conflict in those areas. In some countries, such as Colombia or the Syrian Arab Republic, armed hostilities have taken place largely in urban, and hence densely populated, areas and therefore resulted in record numbers of internally displaced persons in urban areas. Sudden-onset natural disasters that struck urban centres, such as those affecting Tacloban, Philippines, Port-au-Prince or New Orleans, United States of America, had an enormous impact on the inhabitants and resulted in large-scale displacement. Such displacement is often lasting, as the Special Rapporteur witnessed himself in July 2014 during his visit to Haiti, where durable solutions remain distant for many. Many cities in areas prone to sudden-onset or slow-onset disasters - coastal and deltaic areas or riverine zones - face future risks of internal displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- Flight to urban areas following conflict or disaster in another part of the country is also a common feature of internal displacement today. Urban areas may promise more safety than rural areas as a result of the anonymity and invisibility that one can acquire there. For example, there are girls in Abidjan who were victims of sexual violence in places of displacement in rural areas or who became pregnant during displacement and moved to the city. A primary reason for flight to urban areas is family links, but the hope of finding alternative livelihoods is also a factor that influences the flight of internally displaced persons, who often lose their original livelihoods through displacement. Similarly, education opportunities and better services, such as special health care, regularly lead to flight to urban areas and peripheries. Urban areas may therefore allow internally displaced persons to better maintain their coping mechanisms and resilience, albeit at low levels.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Access to justice and accountability mechanisms remains limited and inadequate for most IDW. In some cases, women are constrained to use customary justice systems, which often discriminate against them and apply principles in contradiction with national and international standards. In others, formal justice mechanisms may also discriminate against women and therefore not provide the best outcome for IDW. The Special Rapporteur finds the most glaring gap to be in access to justice for survivors of sexual violence. Ensuring legal justice for survivors can be transformative because it sends a clear message rejecting impunity for this heinous crime. However, in some instances IDW not only lack access to effective remedies, but have themselves been charged when bringing forward allegations of rape by State security forces in camps. Conversely, legal aid, where available, has proven invaluable to IDW seeking access to justice for SGBV, as well as for other crimes and legal claims.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Furthermore, in the absence of rule of law that characterizes many conflict and post-conflict contexts and where women's access to formal justice mechanisms may be compromised by lack of documentation, illiteracy and absence of or restricted access to judicial structures, it is important for the humanitarian community to engage with alternative dispute resolution processes (including customary, religious and local governance structures) to promote women's access to land and housing and resolve disputes over central issues such as inheritance. International development actors also have a critical role to play in working alongside national actors to respond to these concerns and support more concerted efforts to evaluate interventions and identify best practices in this field.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- International and national actors should also be accountable to IDW for delivery of effective protection and assistance programmes, a challenge currently largely unmet. Integrating a stronger gender lens into initiatives such as the Humanitarian Accountability Partnership Standard in Accountability and Quality Management and more accessible and trusted complaints and response mechanisms at field level constitute important steps towards addressing this challenge. Increasing donor accountability towards IDW entails more effectively integrating gender issues into donorship practices, including through tools like the gender marker.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- The competent authorities have the primary duty and responsibility to establish conditions and means that allow internally displaced persons to attain durable solutions (see principle 28 of the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement). Very often, however, there is a lack of coordination between the national and municipal authorities when it comes to carrying out that duty at the level of policy formulation and implementation, which leads to policy gaps. Municipal authorities tend to prefer short-term measures of forcible eviction or return of urban internally displaced persons to their places of origin, if possible. This challenge can be dealt with through law and policy as tools for providing the basis for coordination and, as stated above, the mandate holders have given law and policy development support in specific instances of urban displacement, such as in Afghanistan, Kenya, Somalia and Yemen.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- Overall, the Special Rapporteur notes that discussions of gender issues within host and return communities and how particular durable solutions can backstop protection for IDW remain relatively nascent. Addressing them requires more concerted attention, as well as cooperation between humanitarian and development actors. The piloting of the Secretary-General's 2011 Framework for Ending Displacement in the Aftermath of Conflict represents an important opportunity to strengthen attention to the particular rights, needs and concerns of IDW in the pursuit of durable solutions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- In 2012 alone, an estimated 7.7 million people were displaced in the wake of natural disasters in countries that have signed or ratified the Kampala Convention, which explains the special attention drawn to natural and man-made disasters in it. The Convention requires States parties to take measures specifically to prevent and mitigate the effects of disasters, including by establishing early warning systems and implementing disaster risk reduction strategies, emergency and disaster preparedness and management measures in areas at risk.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- At the time of writing, 39 of 54 States Members of the African Union had signed the Kampala Convention, while 22 had ratified it. The Convention is an innovative agreement in that it provides guarantees against forced displacement and standards for the protection of and assistance for persons during displacement, as well as with regard to durable solutions. It also addresses the causes of displacement, which are not limited to situations of armed conflicts and human rights violations but also encompass situations of natural or human-made disasters. Moreover, the Convention is unique in that, in its article 2(d), it provides for the obligations and responsibilities of States parties, while also specifying the roles and responsibilities of non-State armed groups, private companies, humanitarian agencies and civil society organizations, the international community, internally displaced persons and communities affected by displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- As stated in the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, national authorities bear the primary duty and responsibility to provide protection and humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons within their jurisdiction (principle 3). This underscores that authorities at all levels - national and local - must show leadership in dealing with internal displacement issues, notably by being proactive and having adequate governance structures in place to better prevent, mitigate and respond to internal displacement crises. However, in many instances, there is a lack of clarity as to which institutions are mandated to deal with internal displacement, what their roles and responsibilities are, as well as the actions necessary to address the issue appropriately.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 87j
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur also recommends that States Members of the African Union:] Promote and facilitate the participation of internally displaced persons in political, reconciliation and peace processes that affect them, and establish the conditions necessary to enable them to have access to the durable solution of their choice and to rebuild their lives at the earliest opportunity, including the establishment of adequate conflict resolution mechanisms, including in relation to land disputes and civil status, for example birth registration, and property title registries, in accordance with the Kampala Convention;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 93
- Paragraph text
- Relevant actors should increase international support in order to strengthen local and national capacities and legal frameworks and policies to address displacement by means of specific programmes, including the transfer of know-how, secondment of expert staff and provision of technical support. In particular, all relevant actors should consider the opportunity of adopting a subregional approach (for example, with the Economic Community of West African States, whose approach is quite specific), as well as the importance of cooperating with United Nations agencies in relation to their respective expertise. At the same time, the capacity of the African Union and the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region should be strengthened to provide technical support to countries seeking to establish mechanisms for the protection of internally displaced persons that respond to country-specific issues and contexts.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- Line ministries should review their sectoral laws and policies to ensure that they include internally displaced persons and displacement-affected communities, including their specific rights, needs and vulnerabilities, and adapt laws and policies accordingly so that they are appropriately tailored to the situation. These ministries should review their planning and programming under sectoral laws and policies to ensure that internally displaced persons and displacement-affected communities are able to access and benefit from such programmes on an equal basis with the non displaced populations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- In decentralized or devolved systems, subnational, regional and local authorities often play an essential role in responding to internal displacement. These authorities are often the first point of contact with internally displaced persons and are the ones to which internally displaced persons turn first for assistance. It is therefore critical that local authorities be easily identifiable, have clearly defined responsibilities and be fully included in national coordination mechanisms. As the counterpart of national authorities at a specific location and of internally displaced persons communities themselves, local authorities should participate fully in all decision-making.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- A joint study on internal displacement in the region of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) found that in decentralized States, "coordination should be vertical as well as horizontal, in the sense that it should not only facilitate decision-making among the various relevant actors at the central level but also ensure that clear guidance, follow-up actions, and information flow smoothly between those actors and regional and/or local coordination bodies". National authorities must ensure that local authorities have the necessary resources and expertise to function efficiently and are not overburdened during the response.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Once internal displacement occurs, authorities can be quickly overwhelmed and can lack resources to respond adequately to the immediate needs. The international community has a complementary role, providing assistance to those in need where States are unable to do so. It is essential that Governments recognize their need for international assistance and facilitate that assistance as quickly as possible. This requires granting full access to humanitarian assistance to all regions affected by displacement and all communities of internally displaced persons. Barriers or restrictions have sometimes been imposed, in particular in conditions of conflict, which can jeopardize the protection of internally displaced persons.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- During times of emergency, coordination is critical to minimize gaps and overlaps in the delivery of assistance by humanitarian organizations. The cluster approach was introduced in 2005, after the reform of the humanitarian agenda, notably to enhance the response to the specific needs of displaced populations. The cluster system has been used in more than 30 countries and allows both United Nations and non-United Nations organizations to participate. It is essential that Governments be included in the cluster system and participate in relevant meetings so that once Governments are ready, the response can be handed over to them and the cluster system can step down.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- A durable solution cannot be said to have been achieved if internally displaced persons cannot enjoy physical safety and security and cannot benefit from the effective protection of national and local authorities, including protection from the threats that triggered the initial displacement or that may cause renewed displacement. It is essential that national and local authorities pay specific attention to the protection of internally displaced persons, maintain monitoring mechanisms to ensure that internally displaced persons are not victims of further violations in their place of return, local integration or resettlement and ensure accountability by receiving complaints and addressing them. The specific protection needs of internally displaced women and girls should be given dedicated attention and it may be useful to appoint trained gender focal points in different sectors of the police and other law enforcement bodies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 98
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that the international community:] Regional human rights mechanisms should establish regional standards on internal displacement and the rights of internally displaced persons. The establishment of regional working groups or regional rapporteurs on displacement should be explored to address and monitor displacement situations in the different regions. Finally, regional mechanisms should develop practical tools to assist national authorities in their responses to displacement, including in the area of displacement management.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- There is a danger of camps and their populations becoming "invisible" or an inconvenience that national authorities seek to remove by closure or demolition of facilities. Regrettably, some governments have taken the view that the closure of camps and/or the provision of cash grants to IDPs without linking the grants to livelihood and other sustainable strategies, constitute a solution to displacement that absolves them of further responsibilities. Such measures may be forced upon IDPs or accepted by them, since they are frequently unaware of their rights under international law.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Governance structures for internal displacement 2015, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- During his visit to Cote d'Ivoire, the Special Rapporteur was pleased to learn that an inter-ministerial technical committee had been established to address land issues. However, it was noted that a specific government focal point on land reform issues would have been more valuable to ensure coordination of national efforts and the participation of internally displaced persons in the process (A/HRC/23/44/Add.1). During his follow-up visit in 2014, he welcomed the efforts undertaken by the Government to resolve disputes over land issues.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- The Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals released its proposal on sustainable development goals in August 2014. The proposed goals are: (1) End poverty in all its forms everywhere; (2) End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture; (3) Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages; (4) Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all; (5) Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls; (6) Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all; (7) Ensure access to affordable, reliable and sustainable and modern energy for all; (8) Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all; (9) Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation; (10) Reduce inequality within and among countries; (11) Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable; (12) Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns; (13) Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts; (14) Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development; (15) Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss; (16) Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels; (17) Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- Hunger and food insecurity are frequently the most pressing problems for IDPs. Having lost access to lands and livelihoods, their ability to produce or purchase food may be limited, leaving them heavily reliant on humanitarian aid or the charitable donations of host families and communities, who may also face food insecurity. Where displacement becomes protracted, without durable solutions in place, food security and nutrition problems may be particularly pronounced, especially where humanitarian aid has diminished or ended. Often lacking adequate coping mechanisms, IDPs are amongst the most vulnerable communities in terms of food security.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Food & Nutrition
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- While humanitarian aid staples often consist of rice, beans, oil and tinned produce, as well as products to meet the nutritional needs of children, there is frequently a shortage of higher value or perishable foodstuffs, such as meat, fish and vegetables. A restricted diet over any significant period can result in inadequate nutrition and malnutrition, with a lasting effect on the health of individuals and their susceptibility to illness. In this respect, the Special Rapporteur stresses the importance of taking into account the specific needs of children, breastfeeding mothers and groups with specific dietary habits, such as nomadic peoples. Systematically implementing an approach to hunger and food security that recognizes the need for availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality, means also including IDPs.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- Secure access to safe water and sanitation can be a matter of life or death for IDPs. While national and international actors have achieved much in terms of emergency humanitarian provision of water, sanitation and hygiene for all, barriers to the provision of safe water and sanitation continue to create and exacerbate disease, illness and death among IDPs. Once humanitarian actors leave or step down their activities following conflict or disaster, the degradation of emergency water and sanitation systems remains a significant challenge for many IDPs.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- Humanitarian programmes have achieved essential results. In the Darfur region of the Sudan displacement has affected an estimated 2.7 million Darfurians since 2013. A 647 million euro project from April 2012 provided IDPs in targeted camps with 15 litres of safe water per day; established water collection points within safe walking distance; ensured access to adequate sanitation facilities and latrines; and ensured that targeted communities had knowledge of waterborne diseases and their prevention. Some 182,890 people were beneficiaries of the 12-month programme. While such results are impressive, the challenge remains to ensure sustainability and to transition from humanitarian responses to durable, development-led solutions as early as possible.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- The nexus between conflict and internal displacement is clear and it is evident that the most important measures that States can take to reduce internal displacement are measures to prevent conflict before it takes place and resolve ongoing conflicts. Numerous global leaders recognized the centrality of political will to effectively prevent and end conflicts, address root causes, reduce fragility and strengthen good governance; yet brutal conflicts continue to break out and fuel massive increases in internal displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- These requirements have resulted in a higher and increasing level of legal, policy and institutional developments in the African region. Numerous countries, including some in Europe, Asia and Latin America, have also adopted or are in the process of drafting national laws and policy documents on internal displacement. This is a positive trend but one which should be greatly enhanced as a measure of preparedness across all States in all regions. National laws and policies provide legal guarantees to internally displaced persons that are essential to the protection of their rights in practice, as well as establishing a legal framework for the allocation of budgets and funds dedicated to their assistance.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- The message of leaving no one behind has been at the core of international processes to address deficits in development and humanitarian action, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and now the World Humanitarian Summit. Identifying, reaching and assisting internally displaced persons and other most-vulnerable populations must be the highest priority for the present and future efforts to prevent and respond to humanitarian crises. This commitment demands that States and the international community pay new attention and take new and innovative action to protect those at risk of or experiencing internal displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- Internally displaced persons are some of the most vulnerable, having lost their homes, livelihoods, security and social and community networks and support. Many suffer from family separation during flight and trauma and health problems related to displacement and/or conflict or disasters. They may be at risk when they are present in or close to ongoing conflicts or disasters, or having to fend for themselves with little access to humanitarian or development assistance. The majority are outside of camps and difficult to reach. Innovative and creative approaches are needed to integrate their protection and assistance needs into development processes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- It is frequently some of the most marginalized and most vulnerable in societies, including national, ethnic or religious minorities, or indigenous peoples, who are at risk of displacement. Conflict or disaster may create a downwards spiral of vulnerability in which already marginalized populations face displacement which exacerbates their vulnerability and places them into highly perilous situations of insecurity and extreme poverty, usually driving them to informal settlements in urban areas in search of anonymity and livelihoods. Displacement may be combined with discriminatory attitudes or policies, including denial or deprivation of citizenship, and neglect of the primary responsibility for protection as required under international standards.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- Particular challenges face some people within internally displaced populations, including older persons, persons with disabilities, unaccompanied minors, or members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender community. Women are made particularly vulnerable by displacement, including to sexual or gender-based violence and other human rights violations, and consequently require specific protection measures. A key protection element is disaggregated data to provide an evidence base to build a profile of internally displaced persons and assess their needs according to their circumstances. Such data is often lacking and this gap reinforces the significance of the work carried out by bodies such as the Joint Internally Displaced Person Profiling Service (JIPS; see www.jips.org/en/home).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- LGBTQI+
- Older persons
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- The skills and abilities that exist within displacement-affected communities should be better utilized and developed. Recognizing internally displaced persons as economic agents offers new possibilities to employ the talent and capacity that exists within internally displaced populations as an essential component of the transition towards durable solutions. Assessment of their capacity for recovery is also key to engaging development partners based on evidence and data that demonstrates the potential to move beyond the emergency assistance phase.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- Strengthening the resources and capacity of national non-governmental organizations, community and faith-based organizations and others, including volunteer groups, helps to ensure that local partners are closely involved in achieving local- and area-based solutions. As stated by the Secretary-General "We must become better at supporting and strengthening national and local capacities rather than replacing them" (see A/70/709, para. 170). Not only is this valuable in the short-term, it helps to build national capacity to respond to long-term displacement challenges.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- As the Special Rapporteur highlighted in his report on his country visit to the Syrian Arab Republic (see A/HRC/32/35/Add.2), UNDP focused on building the resilience of the affected population in the Syrian Arab Republic to stabilize livelihoods and strengthen capacities to cope with the shocks and negative impacts of the crisis. In 2014, UNDP scaled up its early recovery and resilience interventions targeting 14 governorates. By March 2015, it was implementing over 100 recovery, resilience and livelihood projects, many in close collaboration with local partners.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- The primary responsibility of the State to protect and assist internally displaced persons extends to funding. While some States are among the poorest and require significant international support, others are middle income and must allocate appropriate resources from national budgets to meet their needs. The international humanitarian and development community should not be long-term primary deliverers in situations where the State can step up and bear the cost of its own responses. This helps to ensure that international support is targeted where it is needed and strengthens the capacity of the State to respond to ongoing and future displacement situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- To prevent and improve responses to internal displacement, it is imperative to have comprehensive and reliable information upon which to base both humanitarian and development interventions. This includes baseline data from which to make informed decisions, measure progress, create data tracking and monitoring mechanisms, and comprehensive trends analysis. Reliable data and evidence are a precondition for good policy and programming and are vital for strengthening coordination and collaboration between different actors. Many States lack accurate information about the number, profile and needs of internally displaced persons. Globally, the available figures on displacement do not reveal the full picture. As IDMC points out, current global estimates indicate only the scale of displacement caused by conflict and yearly estimates of disaster-induced displacement. Serious gaps exist in data on those displaced by disasters. Slow-onset disasters, development projects and generalized violence constitute significant data blind spots.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- The lack of reliable and comprehensive data on internal displacement hampers the ability to respond effectively and put in place immediate and longer-term measures to reduce displacement. Detailed profiling of situations of internally displaced persons is needed to ensure that information goes beyond simple numbers and basic needs to include population data disaggregated by sex, age, location and diversity, particular protection or other concerns, coping mechanisms and capacities within internally displaced populations as well as knowledge about host communities they live with and affect. Gathering data on those outside camps has proven difficult and there is a need to find creative solutions to ensure that they do not fall through protection and support nets, including by exploring new technology.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- Where States lack the capacity for data gathering and analysis they should collaborate with expert international partners. Among important data initiatives, the Special Rapporteur highlights JIPS, an inter-agency service helping Governments, humanitarian and development agencies to acquire, maintain and update reliable data and analysis on internal displacement situations, including disaggregated population data. The Service recognizes that informed solutions must be based on a more complete data picture of internally displaced persons. In Honduras, a Government-led profiling exercise supported by JIPS helped to build an evidence base and inform policy development on internal displacement providing a good example that could be replicated.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- While the onus is on States as the bearers of the primary responsibility to prevent and resolve crises and displacement, the message of "one humanity: shared responsibility" underpinned the Summit. Internal displacement must be understood as a global phenomenon with national, regional and international implications that should engage us all in new prevention strategies and in finding appropriate and durable solutions for those already displaced. Without protection, dignity and safety within their countries, today's internally displaced persons become tomorrow's refugees in search of safety, protection and assistance. To deal with this nexus and continuum, forging a new era of international solidarity to prevent, where possible, and to respond effectively to crises and their root causes is essential.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- Delivering better means learning the lessons and continuing to do what is done well while improving on it. It means being more strategic and collaborative, and working differently towards shared goals. Transcending the humanitarian-development divide will allow integrated action that invests in building self-reliance and resilience from the outset. To reduce displacement as a result of climate change, sudden and slow-onset disasters and conflict, we must act now and establish effective safeguards and benchmarks that will avoid future lost generations of displaced. No one should be left behind and the World Humanitarian Summit has taken important steps, but its commitments and promise must be realized in practice.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- In some situations of generalized violence, persecution or human rights violations, for example, the internal displacement of individuals, families or targeted communities may be slower, small-scale, dispersed and less obvious than in some conflict situations. There are those who flee their homes but do not identify themselves as internally displaced persons owing to a lack of understanding about their rights or out of fear or a desire to remain anonymous. Equally, State authorities can fail to identify those persons as internally displaced owing to a lack of understanding or neglect of their pertinent obligations to assist and protect those displaced by generalized violence. The challenge exists to ensure that those who are unlawfully forced or coerced to leave their homes are identified as internally displaced persons and receive necessary assistance and protection.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur has been struck by the vulnerability of indigenous peoples to internal displacement, including during his official visit to the Philippines, following which he highlighted the impact of displacement or threatened displacement on them. Indigenous peoples are severely affected by displacement given their ties to ancestral lands and may have more challenges in adopting coping mechanism for survival when displaced. The protection of the rights of indigenous peoples displaced or threatened by displacement must be strengthened in law and practice. Legal provisions on land rights and the rights of indigenous peoples should be fully implemented and specific provisions on the rights of indigenous peoples should be included in laws on internally displaced persons where appropriate.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- In conflict- and disaster-related scenarios of displacement, discrimination and marginalization may continue to be a factor that adversely affects access by internally displaced persons to safety, protection and humanitarian assistance and durable solutions in some cases. The Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons emphasized the centrality of non-discrimination to the concept and achievement of durable solutions. States, national human rights commissions and all humanitarian actors and development actors, and civil society, must ensure that all those in need are treated equitably and in a non-discriminatory manner, including with regard to access to protection and assistance, livelihood opportunities and the realization of durable solutions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- The Summit commitment to establish an annual update to review progress in taking forward and implementing its commitments will be an essential means to monitor progress in the reduction of internal displacement through durable solutions, as well as helping to maintain momentum on key objectives and commitments. A commitment to action platforms will be established and made publicly accessible, allowing alignments and individual and joint commitments made at the Summit to be reflected and participants to be held accountable for the commitments they have made.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- Of increasing use in the field is the International Organization for Migration displacement tracking matrix, a tool for tracking and monitoring displacement and identifying locations where internally displaced persons settle. In addition, the REACH initiative was created in 2010 by the non-governmental organizations IMPACT and ACTED and the Operational Satellite Applications Programme of the United Nations Institute for Training and Research to facilitate the development of information tools and products that enhance the humanitarian community's decision-making and planning capacity. REACH promotes better understanding of crisis-affected communities within settlements by collecting data in a systematic and comprehensive way, helping to provide the information required for designing, planning and evaluating aid- and evidence-based humanitarian action.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- In some situations, internal displacement disproportionately affects certain communities that, due to their characteristics, geographical location, poverty, discrimination or other unique circumstances, make them particularly vulnerable to internal displacement. Such groups may include indigenous peoples and ethnic, religious or other minorities, who are frequently numerically few relative to majority communities, among the poorest, and who may experience different forms of marginalization and commonly lack representation in political or other State bodies. In some cases they may face long-standing discrimination and violence targeted against them. Such population groups are often overrepresented in internally displaced person populations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Progress and challenges relating to the human rights of IDPs 2016, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- These and other factors may make certain marginalized communities vulnerable to violent displacement in situations of conflict and intercommunity or interfaith tensions or result in their being poorly equipped to resist efforts to displace them from their lands due to development or business activities. Greater research and data is required globally to reveal the full impact of displacement on such communities, as well as regional trends, patterns and dynamics of displacement. In particular, this makes it necessary to disaggregate data not only by sex and age but also by diversity categories, such as ethnicity and religion, that should be determined by contextual realities. Such information, fully adhering to international standards of data protection and use, would help to predict and prevent displacement targeted against certain communities and contribute to much needed displacement risk assessment and early warning mechanisms.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- As highlighted by the Special Rapporteur in his report to the General Assembly in 2011 (A/66/285), natural hazards, the majority of which are due to climate-related disasters, represent an increasingly important cause of internal displacement worldwide. In 2011, at least 61 countries were affected and a total of nearly 15 million persons were newly displaced owing to either a severe threat or the impact of disasters related to sudden onset natural hazards, the most severe effects of which were felt in Asia.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- From 1992, when the Secretary-General appointed his first Special Representative on internally displaced persons, to the subsequent appointment of his Representative, Walter Kälin (in 2004) and the appointment by the Human Rights Council in September 2010 of Chaloka Beyani as the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons, the mandate has successfully built on its partnerships, working methods, thematic expertise and normative standards.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 67a
- Paragraph text
- [In view of the above, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to:] National authorities: Adopt comprehensive national policy, institutional and legal frameworks to address internal displacement, in line with the Guiding Principles, including disaster preparedness and disaster management laws, and develop the necessary awareness, capacity, financial and administrative mechanisms and political willingness to implement them in practice;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 59e
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to:] [Donor States] Recognize the resolution of internal displacement as an essential element of effective transitions, conflict resolution and prevention, economic reconstruction, stabilization efforts, resilience-building, disaster risk reduction efforts and peacebuilding;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 59f
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to:] [Donor States] Advocate implementation of strategic donor leadership, recognizing the need to resolve displacement as an indispensable investment in development, resilience and peacebuilding. Cross-sectoral cooperation and planning should be encouraged through the provision of flexible, multi-year support for collaborative efforts in support of durable solutions;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 59g
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to:] [Donor States] Promote regional equity in access to development assistance to ensure that areas in which internally displaced persons seek a solution attract development support, thereby avoiding a gap when humanitarian assistance draws down;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- In addition to the above, the Special Rapporteur has identified a number of priority areas and themes for the initial part of his mandate. These include a regional focus on the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons, natural disasters and climate change, women and internal displacement, and internally displaced persons outside camp settings.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- Faced with the dimensions of the issue of internally displaced persons and the lack of defined institutional or operational frameworks to address it, the international community called not only for the development of normative standards on internally displaced persons but also for a review of the capacity and coordination arrangements within the United Nations system for humanitarian assistance.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 67i
- Paragraph text
- Support civil society and national human rights institutions in integrating the human rights of internally displaced persons into their national workplans, through increased awareness-raising and capacity-building;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 59 D
- Paragraph text
- [In view of the above, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Enhance mechanisms and understanding with regard to data collection and assistance methodologies, and factors permitting or inhibiting successful local integration in urban settings;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 59 D
- Paragraph text
- [In view of the above, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Promote specific research on patterns of internal displacement: into urban centres, including those resulting from sudden and slow onset disasters due to climate change; and secondary displacements from or within urban centres;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- The following sections provide a reflection on some elements of these pressing challenges.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- Collect, disseminate and apply good practices in engaging IDW in transitional justice processes and addressing their concerns, such as through gender-sensitive reparation processes;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- Support the development of more accessible and trusted complaints and response mechanisms at field level, particularly to eliminate sexual exploitation by humanitarians and peacekeepers;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- States should take all measures to combat impunity for SGBV, including by promptly investigating, prosecuting and punishing SGBV, and providing police, judicial officials (including legal aid providers) and the health sector with necessary training and tools such as SOPs;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Increase strategic support for education, training and safe and sustainable livelihoods for IDW at all stages of displacement, recognizing the critical contribution effective livelihoods make to protection, and to advancing and sustaining women's empowerment;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] States: Initiate gender-sensitive budgeting processes that ensure allocation of adequate resources to the needs and priorities of IDW;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] States: Support initiatives to increase the capacity of officials, particularly at local level, to adopt gender-sensitive approaches to policymaking, planning, budgeting and programme implementation on IDP issues;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur highlights the importance of adopting a human rights-based approach to internal displacement, which would enable all stakeholders involved in internal displacement to work hand-in-hand through its different phases.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Humanitarian and development organizations: Ensure that such data is not only collected but analysed in a gender-sensitive manner, that it is meaningfully reflected in programme design and implementation and that dissemination efforts include feedback to IDW;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will continue and strengthen the existing cooperation established between the mandate and United Nations organizations. She will continue to participate in and actively contribute to the work of the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) as a Principal, and will work to provide it with guidance and support on the subject of internally displaced persons. To that end, she participated in her first IASC Principals’ meeting in Geneva on 6 December 2016, which will be followed by the IASC Principals’ retreat scheduled for 28 April 2017. Moreover, she took part in an IASC Working Group meeting held in Rome on 5 and 6 April 2017, in which she provided an update on activities under a joint project between the Special Rapporteur and the Joint IDP Profiling Service and in collaboration with a broad group of development, humanitarian and peacebuilding actors to operationalize the IASC Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons. The project is aimed at developing tools, methodologies and guidance, for shared and comprehensive yet practical approaches to durable solutions analysis in displacement situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- In view of her strategic and thematic priorities, the Special Rapporteur has also begun to significantly strengthen cooperation and institutional relationships with the United Nations Development Programme, the International Organization for Migration and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), among others. In addition to conducting bilateral meetings with these entities, she is investigating practical measures for them to institutionalize their cooperation with the mandate, including through the establishment of focal points in such organizations relating to specific areas of collaboration. Furthermore, the Special Rapporteur will expand her collaboration with national human rights institutions, with a view to identifying positive practices in their work relating to internally displaced persons (see section IV. D. below).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur considers that internally displaced persons are frequently the least, the last and the lost in terms of national and international attention to their plight. It is a core priority of the mandate holder to promote visibility and effective protection for all internally displaced persons, including those who have become invisible or neglected, the most vulnerable, and those facing the greatest challenges resulting from their displacement. She will therefore take an impact-oriented and human rights-based approach to her work, focusing on building and strengthening constructive partnerships and collaborations with the objective of delivering effective assistance and protection on the ground. Her working methods will build on those established by her predecessors, while also emphasizing the identification of opportunities and entry points to engage directly and constructively with States and other stakeholders in emerging, ongoing and protracted internal displacement situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will continue to seek and conduct country visits in all regions to gather first-hand information on the situation of internally displaced persons and to engage directly and constructively with national authorities and other stakeholders. She will give high priority to those States with the most critical, challenging and persistent displacement situations, while also seeking visits based on her thematic priorities. She has sent initial requests for visits and encourages States to respond positively. The Special Rapporteur welcomes the positive responses received to date from the Government of El Salvador and the Government of Guatemala for her to conduct visits in 2017 and 2019 respectively. In conformity with the practice of the mandate, she will also conduct working visits and follow-up visits, at the invitation of a variety of stakeholders, including United Nations agencies, to consider internal displacement issues and to engage with a range of actors, including national authorities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will seek to continue her engagement with countries where generalized violence is the cause of internal displacement. In particular, the Special Rapporteur seeks to continue the mandate’s support to Honduras, visited by the former Special Rapporteur in 2015 and 2016, to examine the situation of violence-related internal displacement, and to maintain her support for the Government in its work to protect internally displaced persons, including through the adoption of a law on internally displaced persons. Furthermore, she thanks the Government of El Salvador and the Government of Guatemala for their positive responses to her requests for official visits to those countries, and will conduct an official visit to El Salvador in the second half of 2017 and to Guatemala in 2019.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- States have the primary responsibility for promoting and protecting the human rights of internally displaced persons. In December 2016, the Special Rapporteur wrote to Member States and requested their responses to a questionnaire. Among its objectives, the questionnaire sought to identify positive practices in the field of legal, policy and institutional frameworks and activities of States to protect and support internally displaced persons; it also sought to obtain information on measures taken to ensure the active participation of internally displaced persons as partners and not simply beneficiaries, in decisions affecting them and assistance measures. The Special Rapporteur sincerely thanks those States that responded and will study the information provided to inform her future work.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will continue to address the most critical situations regarding the internal displacement of persons, in all regions, and to promote durable solutions and advocate for the adoption of regional and national normative frameworks. In addition, she will bring new attention to other important internal displacement issues, including: strengthening the participation of internally displaced persons in responses to internal displacement; ensuring the inclusion of internally displaced persons in transitional justice processes; improving the protection of internally displaced children; enhancing the role of national human rights institutions in the protection of internally displaced persons; and providing increased attention to neglected drivers of internal displacement, including development-induced displacement and displacement as a result of generalized violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- Guiding Principle 25, paragraph 2, stipulates that: International humanitarian organizations and other appropriate actors have the right to offer their services in support of the internally displaced. Such an offer shall not be regarded as an unfriendly act or interference in a State's internal affairs and shall be considered in good faith. Consent thereto shall not be arbitrarily withheld, particularly when authorities concerned are unable or unwilling to provide the required humanitarian assistance.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Year after year, a large number of people are arbitrarily displaced in violation of international human rights and humanitarian law as restated in the Guiding Principles. One of the most effective ways to stop arbitrary displacement from occurring is for all relevant actors to scrupulously respect their obligations and to put an end to impunity, ensuring that those responsible for carrying out arbitrary displacement and other violations of the rights of the displaced are held accountable.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 95
- Paragraph text
- Research is encouraged on the potential displacement of persons through climate change mitigation and adaptation projects, such as those promoting clean energy. Such research should explore the scope and nature of such displacements, as well as further actions which may be necessary to ensure the human rights of those displaced by such projects, in line with the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and other applicable human rights standards and guidelines.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- Further guidance should be developed with regard to situations where relocation of populations is deemed necessary owing to the effects of climate change. Such guidance should be based on lessons learned and ensure that the rights of persons who must be relocated are guaranteed. In particular, issues of compensation, property rights, procedural rights, community and cultural identity, livelihoods and support to receiving communities should be addressed.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- The mandate has also played an essential role in mainstreaming the human rights of internally displaced persons within the United Nations system. Its participation in the Inter-Agency Standing Committee has been and continues to be a central platform for that mainstreaming role, as it continues to advocate for the integration of issues relating to internal displacement in Inter-Agency Standing Committee policies and operational strategies. Increased understanding and mainstreaming of those issues within the United Nations system has also been made possible through the mandate's partnerships and close engagement with United Nations agencies such as UNHCR, the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs and OHCHR, as well as the General Assembly and mechanisms of the Human Rights Council, such as other special procedure mandates and treaty bodies, for example, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and the Human Rights Committee. Through its thematic reports and inputs to those bodies, the mandate has regularly highlighted the specific human rights dimensions of internal displacement and raised new or neglected aspects of the rights of internally displaced persons, such as their participation in peace processes, the impact on their human rights of larger phenomena such as climate change (A/66/285), the protection of persons in situations of natural disasters (A/HRC/16/43/Add.5), and the situation of internally displaced persons outside camps (A/HRC/19/54).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- While common images of IDPs often portray them as living compactly in large camps, spontaneous informal settlements or collective IDP centres, the reality is that most IDPs live outside these clearly defined settings, or "outside camps". The expression IDPs outside camps in this report refers to IDPs who may live instead in a variety of settings or situations; they may be in urban, rural, or remote areas, renting, owning a housing, sharing a room, living with a host family, homeless, occupying a building or land that they do not own, or living in makeshift shelters and slums. A number of factors often result in the neglect and virtual "invisibility" of IDPs outside camps, thereby affecting their access to protection, assistance and durable solutions to their displacement. While the importance of the issue has gained increased recognition over the last several years, more concerted attention is necessary, including by the international community, in order to achieve a more equitable humanitarian response and lasting solutions for IDPs outside camps, as well as better support structures to communities which may be hosting them. Such an approach also ensures compliance with international law relating to IDPs, including international humanitarian and human rights law, regional instruments such as the Kampala Convention, and with international standards such as the Guiding Principles, which provide guarantees of non-discrimination and make no distinction between IDPs in or outside camps or other settings.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- Housing, land and property issues are among the most complex structural concerns that must be tackled in order to enable durable solutions. Dealing with the underlying structural sources of conflict, such as unequal access to land, insecurity of tenure for customary rights holders or in informal settlements and non-transparent decision-making regarding land use, can also be key to durable solutions. For example, restitution programmes intended to benefit internally displaced persons must be appropriately situated within broader efforts if they are to result in greater tenure security for displacement-affected communities. Poorly conceived responses to the housing, land and property concerns of internally displaced persons can have significant implications for gender equity, relations between displaced and non-displaced communities, susceptibility to land-grabbing and prospects for economic development. For example, in some instances, land belonging to internally displaced persons may have been purchased by others in good faith and/or investment and development activities may have been undertaken on the land in their absence. Identifying mutually beneficial ways to accommodate the rights and interests of internally displaced persons and investors or purchasers may be a critical step towards the sustainable resolution of displacement in many contexts.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Durable solutions for internally displaced persons: advancing the agenda: addressing the role of humanitarian and development actors in achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons through peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict 2013, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- Alongside the negotiation of the post-2015 development agenda, the 2012-2015 piloting of the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States affords an important opportunity to integrate durable solutions into the pursuit of development goals in fragile States, in particular because several pilot countries have major situations regarding internally displaced persons, including Afghanistan (where the Secretary-General's Framework is being simultaneously piloted), the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and South Sudan. The New Deal recognizes that constructive State-society relations and the empowerment of women, young people and marginalized groups as key actors for peace are at the heart of successful peacebuilding and state-building. Internally displaced persons should be acknowledged as an essential stakeholder group in the implementation of the New Deal, in particular because the peacebuilding and state-building goals at the core of the New Deal are directly relevant to durable solutions. They include legitimate politics (fostering inclusive political settlements and conflict resolution), security (establishing and strengthening people's security), justice (addressing injustices and increasing people's access to justice), economic foundations (generating employment and improving livelihoods) and revenues and services (managing revenue and building capacity for accountable and fair service delivery).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- Ensure livelihood programmes are based on market analysis and participatory assessments; are built around a graduated model of need, where beneficiaries are connected to services specific to their level of poverty; do not inappropriately perpetuate gendered divisions of labour; mitigate unintended protection consequences, including exposing women to increased SGBV; and are accessible to IDW both in and outside camps;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- In many displacement situations access to land, livestock and employment are essential elements of durable solutions and development that must be put in place to enable IDPs to reduce or eliminate their dependency on humanitarian aid. Furthermore, where large numbers of IDPs are sheltered within host communities they can be a heavy burden on the food security of such non-IDP communities, whose food resources must be spread further.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Food & Nutrition
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- The phenomenon of displacement is currently, more than ever before, a global crisis. As at December 2013, an estimated 33.3 million persons were internally displaced by conflict and violence globally. In addition, in 2013 alone, some 22.4 million people were newly displaced within their own countries by disasters. Given new and ongoing crises, these figures are likely to have increased in 2014, with displacement at its highest level since the Second World War.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 91a
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Invest in peace and peacebuilding efforts, taking necessary steps to prevent and resolve conflicts and remove the conditions and triggers for conflict as part of their good governance, human rights and development obligations. Addressing factors including inequality, discrimination, poverty, injustice and corruption, are essential factors to prevent and reduce displacement;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur emphasizes that, to offer durable solutions for internally displaced persons and the communities in which they live, cash interventions should be accompanied by income-generating or other livelihood activities, which also benefit the community, such as the development of small businesses and legal support in housing, land and property matters to facilitate length and security of tenure. In addition, those interventions should be accompanied by measures ensuring access to basic services for the benefit of the entire community. For example, in Bogota, the mayor's development plan for the city, which seeks to a create "a more humane Bogota", puts at its core the promotion of the human rights of victims of the armed conflict who fled to Bogota and the implementation of the Victims and Land Restitution Act adopted in 2011. Article 12 pertains to the implementation of the Act, article 21 relates to the housing programme for internally displaced persons and article 42 deals with how internally displaced persons will receive health services. Elected mayors of the various localities within Bogota have also initiated projects for the economic development of internally displaced persons living in those localities. In January 2014, the mayor of the Bosa locality developed a project to promote and assist entrepreneurial projects for vulnerable populations, specifically for internally displaced persons and persons with disabilities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The Kampala Convention: a road map for action 2014, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- A comprehensive national instrument on internal displacement should mention relevant standards with regard to internal displacement, such as the Kampala Convention, the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Protocol on the Protection and Assistance to Internally Displaced Persons (for relevant States); adopt a holistic approach to displacement, from prevention to the achievement of durable solutions; and respond to all forms of displacement, irrespective of the causes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 91e
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Establish baseline, evidence-based approaches to internal displacement based on disaggregated data, in collaboration with national and international partners, that provides a detailed national picture of internally displaced persons and their protection needs, as well as a comprehensive profile of situations and host communities;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 92b
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to regional intergovernmental bodies:] Other regional intergovernmental bodies should take the measures necessary to incorporate the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement into regional standards as part of their commitments to the outcomes of the World Humanitarian Summit. Regional mechanisms should develop legal frameworks and practical tools to assist States in their responses to internal displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Roadmap for the next three years: thematic priorities of the new mandate-holder 2017, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur will continue to lead an inter-agency project on measuring progress towards durable solutions for internally displaced persons, which is implemented by the Joint IDP Profiling Service in collaboration with a broad group of development, humanitarian and peacebuilding actors. The project is aimed at operationalizing the Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons by developing a library of indicators, tools, methodologies and guidance, for shared and comprehensive yet practical approaches to durable solutions analysis in displacement situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 91i
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Give a high priority to finding solutions to protracted displacement, in consultation with internally displaced persons. Durable solutions must be approached on a humanitarian-development basis. Where return is not possible or desired, local integration or resettlement should be given due consideration;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Outcomes and commitments on internal displacement of the World Humanitarian Summit 2016, para. 91j
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Support and fund national and local organizations, non governmental organizations and community and faith-based organizations to increase their capacity to intervene in all phases of displacement and as key partners in programmes aimed at building self-reliance and resilience and achieving durable solutions;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Internally displaced women: progress, challenges and the way ahead 2013, para. 75a
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Humanitarian and development organizations: [Given the importance of the mobilization of IDW to protection, assistance and long-term empowerment:] Develop guidance notes for international actors on how to effectively, ethically and non-discriminatorily engage with and support IDP organizations;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 93
- Paragraph text
- The line between reasonable measures to protect humanitarian operations and unreasonable impediments to humanitarian action can sometimes be thin. Moreover, some States deliberately impose access restrictions in order to manipulate assistance flows and keep out inconvenient humanitarian presence. The Representative considers that security restrictions must have a rational basis and be subject to review. Moreover, national authorities and other actors imposing restrictions should engage in dialogue with humanitarian actors to determine which measures would be the least disruptive to humanitarian operations, while still providing an acceptable degree of security. The Representative also reiterates the continued importance of the humanitarian principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence, in order to gain the acceptance of all parties to a conflict, as well as their consent and assurances of safe passage.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- The provision of humanitarian assistance is not merely a discretionary act of humane compassion. Internally displaced persons and other people affected by conflict or natural disaster remain entitled to fully enjoy their human rights, including their right to life, food, water and sanitation, clothing, housing, health care and education, rights which, taken together, may be interpreted as the right to receive humanitarian assistance. Moreover, these rights must be discharged by national authorities in good faith, either directly or by facilitating the provision of humanitarian assistance by third parties.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- In situations of armed conflict, humanitarian access is often denied by authorities for other reasons as well. They may be unable to provide security to humanitarian organizations in territories that are not under their full control or may fear that humanitarian goods will be diverted by non-State armed groups for military purposes. Even where access exists, the independence of humanitarian actors may be jeopardized as a result of integrated strategies that combine military, political, development and humanitarian interventions in order to win the "hearts and minds" of the population.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- A third and related trend is the increased violence against humanitarian workers and operations. One study found that the number of kidnappings of humanitarian personnel more than tripled between 2006 and 2009 alone. Few of the perpetrators are ever brought to justice. Moreover, while violence against humanitarians may, in part, be simply a consequence of the general insecurity in weak or failed States, where most conflicts and some of the largest disaster-related humanitarian crises occur, politically motivated attacks are also on the rise.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- These worrying developments must be seen against the backdrop of obligations to ensure the provision of humanitarian assistance to internally displaced persons. The point of departure for any discussion on these obligations should be the recognition that human rights place a duty on States to take positive measures to fulfil these rights. Economic and social rights and, in particular, the right to an adequate standard of living, which includes adequate food, clothing, housing and the right to health and education, entail minimum core obligations that States must ensure.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- Two principal strategies to respond to the threats posed by climate change are mitigation and adaptation. Mitigation, in the context of climate change policy, refers to measures which aim to minimize the extent of global warming by reducing emission levels and stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. Climate change adaptation measures are adjustments in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderate harm or exploit beneficial opportunities. Alternatively stated, they are measures that reduce harm and strengthen the capacity of societies and ecosystems to cope with and adapt to climate change risks and impacts. This report explores, in particular, possible adaptation measures specific to climate change-induced displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Internal displacement in 2010: What are the major challenges? 2010, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- While providing the conditions and related means for durable solutions is primarily the responsibility of national and local authorities (see Guiding Principle 28), international development, political and human rights actors often need to become involved to provide support, including to bridge the transition period after the emergency. The Representative is therefore pleased to note that the Peacebuilding Commission, the World Bank and UNDP are increasingly recognizing the links between displacement, durable solutions and their own mandates.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- At the same time, national authorities and, within the ambit of international humanitarian law, non-State parties to conflict, must grant and facilitate the free passage of humanitarian assistance and grant persons providing such assistance rapid and unimpeded access to the internally displaced. This is related to the obligation not to divert humanitarian assistance for political or military reasons (Guiding Principle 24, para. 2). The duty not to impede access is relevant to external assistance accepted by the State, local authorities and humanitarian assistance provided by the State itself (for example, where there are disagreements between State humanitarian and security agencies).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
The primary duty of the State to provide humanitarian assistance and the corresponding rights of internally displaced persons 2010, para. 96e
- Paragraph text
- [The Representative calls on all Member States to shape a rule-based framework to international humanitarian assistance, taking into account the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement as well as the Guidelines for the Domestic Facilitation and Regulation of International Disaster Relief and Initial Recovery Assistance and, in particular to:] Establish clear procedures and criteria for assessing humanitarian needs and determining the required international assistance. Assessments should be based on international standards such as the Sphere standards and use a participatory methodology involving the authorities, donors, affected persons and communities, and vulnerable groups in particular;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- In the case of internal displacement caused by sudden-onset disasters, disaster risk reduction and measures to build resilience are key elements to preventing displacement or limiting its consequences It is also important to ensure that early recovery and reconstruction are undertaken at the earliest possible opportunity so that displacement does not last longer than required. However, this has represented a key and systemic challenge to date, which humanitarian and development actors, as well as States, must address in their displacement-related adaptation strategies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- Guiding Principle 7(3) provides for a number of such procedural guarantees, in addition to the requirements in Guiding Principle 7(1) mentioned in paragraph 52 above. A specific decision by an appropriate State authority is required; full information must be provided to internally displaced persons on the reasons and procedures for the displacement, the place of relocation and compensation; and their free and informed consent must be sought. Moreover, authorities must endeavour to involve affected persons, including women, in the management and planning of the relocation and ensure that the right to an effective remedy, including the review of decisions, is respected.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- A human rights-based approach should be used to inform and strengthen all actions, at the local, regional, national and international levels, to address climate change-related internal displacement. The Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, which are based on standards in international human rights law, humanitarian law and, by analogy, refugee law, provide a sound legal framework which States should implement at the national level through legislation, policies and institutions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- Some climate change-induced displacement however, such as movements triggered by slow-onset disasters, may require more emphasis on the positive obligations of States, with the support of regional bodies and the international community, to anticipate, plan ahead and take measures to prevent or mitigate conditions likely to bring about displacement and threaten human rights. This precautionary role to ensure conditions conducive to human rights, including rights related to an adequate standard of living which allow one to avoid displacement, is a standard of governmental, international governance and human rights protection which is based on positive obligations and actions, rather than the negative obligation of non-interference in human rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- The importance of displacement, and in particular internal displacement, within the climate change debate is well established and now calls for specific strategies and measures to address it. Already in 1990, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reported that the greatest single impact of climate change might be on human migration. The Panel estimated that by 2050, 150 million people could be displaced by climate change-related phenomena, such as desertification, increasing water scarcity, floods and storms. Since then, while estimates have varied, it has generally been accepted that the effects of climate change will indeed result in large-scale movements of people, mostly within the boundaries of affected States, and that developing States in the southern hemisphere are likely to be the worst affected.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Climate change and internal displacement 2011, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- Disaster risk reduction and disaster preparedness measures should be enhanced in order to prevent or minimize the displacement of persons. This is particularly necessary in light of the more frequent and severe sudden-onset disasters, as well as the dire humanitarian consequences of slow-onset disasters such as droughts, both of which are due to the negative effects of climate change. National disaster management systems, laws and policies should incorporate a human rights-based approach, stress local or community capacity-building and participation and refer to applicable standards on internal displacement in the event displacement cannot be avoided. Disaster management measures should be included in national development plans and climate change adaptation strategies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- In the same spirit, the mandate aims to continue to pursue and strengthen the solid cooperation already established between the mandate and United Nations organizations. In this regard, the Special Rapporteur will continue to participate and contribute positively to the work of the Inter-Agency Standing Committee, to collaborate with United Nations Country Teams and to work closely with the Emergency Relief Coordinator, OCHA, OHCHR and UNHCR. Civil society organizations, international as well as national, and displacement affected communities will of course remain key counterparts for the mandate.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- A central component of this mandate consists in following situations which have or can potentially trigger internal displacement and humanitarian crises. The Special Rapporteur is committed to engage with States and communities affected by such situations at every stage, including in the prevention of forced displacement, during the displacement phase itself, and in the search for durable solutions. In this context, and in line with resolution 14/6, he stands ready to cooperate with Governments, affected communities, relevant United Nations agencies and other relevant stakeholders, to address the human rights protection, assistance and development needs of internally displaced persons, including through country visits and continued engagement with regard to the implementation of the recommendations resulting from such visits.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- Human rights obligations engage State responsibility before disaster strikes as well in its aftermath. In the case of climate change and environmental destruction, due diligence obligations should prevail in order to prevent or mitigate the impact of natural disasters and the deterioration of environments necessary to human life and to the particular way of life of certain groups such as indigenous peoples, and persons with pastoralist or nomadic lifestyles. It is worth highlighting that these groups of persons as well as vulnerable groups, such as those suffering from chronic poverty in the developing world, are expected to be the most affected by climate change, natural disasters, and the ensuing displacement (see A/HRC/10/13/Add.1, paras. 22, 65, 66, 73).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- In addition to the individual and collective responsibility of States to put in place adequate preventive and mitigation strategies, such as measures relating to climate change adaptation and disaster risk management, States also bear responsibility for securing the human rights of persons affected directly or indirectly by related events. Amongst other things, this includes addressing food crisis brought on or aggravated by loss of arable land, droughts, floods, and loss of biodiversity, but it also entails putting in place systems of social protection for persons who have become landless, homeless, deprived of livelihoods - and more often than not also internally displaced. Humankind has more recently had an important role to play in exacerbating the onset of both natural disasters and climate-related developments, and from a human rights perspective we must assume our responsibility to address the serious human rights impact on individuals and communities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- Following the Secretary-General's report on the system-wide review (E/CN.4/1992/23), a number of significant measures were taken to strengthen the coordination of humanitarian emergency assistance of the United Nations, including the designation of an emergency relief coordinator and the establishment of the Inter-Agency Standing Committee, to be chaired by the Emergency Relief Coordinator (see General Assembly resolution 46/182, annex, paras. 34 and 38). The Inter-Agency Standing Committee includes all United Nations operational agencies, this mandate, intergovernmental organizations, such as the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and IOM, and non-governmental organizations, either by standing invitation or on an ad hoc basis. The Inter-Agency Standing Committee therefore became the primary mechanism for inter-agency coordination and the development of policy for ensuring a coherent and timely response to humanitarian emergencies (see General Assembly resolution 48/57, para. 6).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- Subsequently, and as part of the United Nations reform of 1997, the General Assembly explicitly tasked the Emergency Relief Coordinator to take on a central role in the inter-agency coordination of protection and assistance to internally displaced persons (see A/51/950, para. 186). In December 1999, the Inter-Agency Standing Committee adopted the policy paper on the protection of internally displaced persons submitted to it by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, Francis Deng, thereby representing an acknowledgement by the heads of the various United Nations agencies that the protection of internally displaced persons was "of concern to all humanitarian/development agencies", and establishing the "collaborative approach" as the main vehicle for the inter-agency response to the needs of internally displaced persons.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- In 2012, the mandate on the human rights of internally displaced persons, established pursuant to Commission on Human Rights resolution 1992/73, celebrates its twentieth anniversary. To mark this occasion, the present thematic section of the report provides an overview of the evolution of, and the achievements, challenges and trends relating to, internal displacement over the past two decades; a theme intended to provide an opportunity for reflection on key milestones, and for engaging in forward thinking as both new and long-standing displacement challenges continue to be addressed. Born from a recognized need to address the phenomenon of internal displacement, this mandate, the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, which it developed, and the efforts to strengthen the humanitarian response system since the 1990s continue to be as relevant as ever.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Looking forward: addressing new challenges and consolidating gains 2011, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- Of the 27 million IDPs in the world today, the vast majority live outside the types of settings, namely IDP camps and settlements, which we have come to associate with displacement situations. Indeed, the majority live in either urban or rural settings either by their own means in rented accommodation for example, or with host families. In some situations, IDPs merge with homeless or landless sections of the population in shantytowns and squatter areas. The capacity of the humanitarian community to address the specific needs of these displaced populations, as well as the particular impact and needs of host communities, however remains inadequate. A variety of reasons have converged to promote expertise and mechanisms that provide humanitarian assistance in camps and settlements, while ad hoc responses generally remain the norm with regard to IDPs outside of camps - sometime referred to as the 'invisible displaced' due to the difficulty in identifying and assisting them once they have become part of the general population.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Relatedly, there appears to be a growing interest in regulating the State's general obligations to victims of organized violence and armed conflict which have led to displacement, in terms of protection, justice and reparations processes. In some cases, obligations towards internally displaced persons have been integrated within general obligations towards victims, a development which can be positive to the extent that the specific needs of internally displaced persons are given adequate consideration in response strategies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- In addition to the San Remo training programme, other training on internal displacement, including regional training in various parts of the world, in which the mandate participates regularly, have been aimed at enhancing expertise among various actors, including representatives of civil society, United Nations country offices and international organizations. The mandate's continued engagement with civil society groups and with the internally displaced themselves, both at the international level and during country visits, has not only enabled it to better monitor situations of internal displacement across the globe, but also to better understand its root causes and consequences, the specific vulnerabilities of internally displaced persons and the incredible resources that they can bring to their communities and countries.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Evolution, challenges and trends in internal displacement 2012, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- Megatrends and overriding social or other factors, such as climate change, exert pressures which interact closely with and often exacerbate internal displacement. Those significant global megatrends include population growth, rapid urbanization, increased human mobility, and food, water and energy insecurity. Those megatrends, which themselves are likely to have a negative impact on human rights and potentially cause displacement, are, moreover, predicted to interact with the effects of sudden and slow onset climate change and affect the magnitude and patterns of internal displacement (A/66/285, para. 28). Against this background and related social and political pressures, climate change is predicted to act as an impact multiplier and accelerator of internal displacement, which will be characterized by multiple causalities, including conflicts and insecurity due to competition over resources or loss of livelihoods (ibid., para. 29).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph