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Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- Irregular women migrants, women asylum seekers and refugees are particularly vulnerable to violence in the transnational arena. During the country mission to Zambia, the Special Rapporteur was informed that female migrants, especially those engaging in sex work, are often subjected to sexual abuse and at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS due to their inability to negotiate safe sex. Also, their irregular status makes them reluctant to seek health care. Similarly, immigrant women in the United States of America often suffer higher rates of battering as they have less access to legal, social and support services. Testimonies from undocumented immigrant women living with a United States partner reveal hesitation to seek assistance from authorities when facing abuse due to fear of deportation. It was also indicated that abusers may not initiate the process to acquire permanent residence status for their foreign partner or wife as a way to maintain their power and control over these women.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- Administrative detention of migrants is generally inconsistent with the international prohibition against arbitrary detention.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Violence against women: Twenty years of developments to combat violence against women 2014, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- In subsequent resolutions, the Security Council focused on protecting civilians in general, particularly those who have been displaced; stressed the importance of education for preventing sexual exploitation and trafficking in humans; condemned all acts of sexual exploitation, abuse and trafficking of women and children by military, police and civilian personnel involved in United Nations operations; and recommended a policy of zero-tolerance for such violations. The Council also raised concerns about the obstacles to women's participation in the prevention and resolution of conflicts, including violence, intimidation, and discrimination. It requested the Secretary-General to publish a report on situations of armed conflict in which sexual violence has been widely or systematically employed against civilians, including an analysis of trends in sexual violence and benchmarks for measuring progress towards its elimination.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Gender-related killings of women 2012, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- As noted by the Secretary-General, certain cultural norms and beliefs are the causal factors of harmful practices resulting in violence against women, such as crimes committed in the name of "honour". Honour killings have been characterized as being among the most severe manifestations of harmful practices. Murder to cleanse family honour is committed with high levels of impunity in many parts of the world. Although honour crimes have mainly occurred in the vast zone spreading from the Sahara to the Himalayas, it also occurs in other regions and countries with migrant communities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Harmful Practices
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- The right to adequate housing is often particularly compromised for refugee women, especially in conflict and post-conflict situations. Women are often left with no other option but to take shelter in temporary camps where rape and other forms of violence are the norm. In these cases, women experience multiple forms of violence - displacement from the home, sub-standard temporary housing, and the high risk of experiencing physical and sexual violence, without any available recourse. Thus in the case of refugee women there is a failure to meet women's basic needs on multiple fronts.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- There are fewer programmes for women, and those that are available are less varied and of poorer quality than those offered to male detainees. Several countries' prisons limit the educational opportunities provided to prisoners by tailoring them to gender stereotypes, and only offer vocational opportunities that conform to traditionally feminine occupations including hairstyling, sewing, vegetable-selling and catering. Male prisoners, on the other hand, are given opportunities to learn about building, welding and carpentry.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- Institutional mechanisms include both a commission and a court. The mandate of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights includes receiving and investigating individual petitions relating to violations of human rights; observing the general situation of human rights in Member States; conducting in loco visits to countries to conduct an in-depth analysis of the general situation and/or to investigate a specific situation; developing an awareness of human rights among the peoples of the Americas, including through the publication of reports on relevant thematic issues; organizing and holding visits, lectures, seminars and meetings with State and non-State actors; making recommendations to member States; requesting member States, in serious and urgent cases, to adopt precautionary measures, in order to prevent irreparable harm; presenting cases to the Inter-American Court; requesting advisory opinions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights; and examining inter-State communications. The use of the precautionary measures mechanism has led to the Commission requesting a State party to adopt measures to protect the life and integrity of women's rights defenders in Colombia working with issues pertaining to the armed conflict; to protect the life, integrity, and health of women living in displacement camps in Haiti; to ensure the safety of women's rights defenders in Mexico; and to protect victims of sexual abuse, among other urgent situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Women with disabilities in conflict or post-conflict regions may be at additional risk of violence as members of a targeted race/ethnic, religious or linguistic group and may have greater difficulty in accessing services in the conflict environment. Women with disabilities face additional burdens in refugee camps because the facilities are rarely accessible or designed to meet their specific needs. Serious problems with the physical layout and infrastructure of refugee camps have been noted by some organizations. Such problems mean that services, including toilets, shelters and health facilities will not be accessible to people with disabilities and that no special accommodations are made to ensure accessibility to the food and supplies they need on a daily basis. In addition, because camps and facilities are generally inaccessible, most persons with disabilities are forced to remain in them. Furthermore, justice and post-conflict reconciliation activities generally do not include women with disabilities, nor are such programmes made accessible or inclusive.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Violence against women as a barrier to the effective realization of all human rights 2014, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- Refugees and other non-citizens are often susceptible to violence against women. It is noted that organizational and societal factors, including unhealthy and unsafe housing, unemployment, poverty, restricted access to health care, higher education, participation in civil society and legal protection all contribute to the ill health and vulnerability of migrants and women migrants in particular. Women in these communities are not adequately protected, which can cause them to be more susceptible to violence and less likely to be able to participate adequately in society. Women who are not citizens often feel that they lack protection of the law.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- Another key aspect was secondary protection for women and girls after violence had taken place to avoid further violence and secondary victimization. In that regard, there should be accessible shelters and durable housing solutions, especially for indigenous women and women in rural areas. In addition, the reception of refugee and migrant women needed to be in facilities which were safe (where they would not be mixed with men and therefore in danger).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- A holistic approach to addressing the relationship between inequality and violence against women allows for the matching of local level responses that best address the particular needs related to violence in their specific contexts. One example would be literacy programmes for rural women. In many contexts, rural women and also recent immigrants have lower literacy rates than their urban counterparts and citizens of the country. Therefore, a way to eliminate one form of intra-gender inequality is to improve access to literacy programmes and educational opportunities. Such programmes can also lead to women accessing other programmes and resources to address violence against them.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Violence against women with disabilities 2012, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- Undocumented women with disabilities may be at higher risk of violence because of the aggressor's control over immigration status; language barriers; distrust of the police force; and barriers to social and public services.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- In some countries, women are unable to return home on release due to fear that violence may be committed against them. According to one report, female prisoners in Iraq have asked to remain in detention centres following their scheduled release due to fear of honour-related violence. It is argued that in India "the inter changeability of punitive and protective or curative institutions has led to prison cells being regarded as places of safe custody". In Australia, research has shown that women are left homeless, or forced to remain in secure custody, due to fear of payback and retaliation by the community.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- The Convention requires States to adopt comprehensive and coordinated policies that place the rights of victims at the centre of all measures, and to involve all relevant actors, including government agencies, national, regional and local authorities, civil society organizations and other relevant entities. In chapter II, the Convention explicitly calls for an integrated approach and requires the establishment of a dedicated governmental coordinating body to oversee the implementation of policies and measures, including disaggregated data collection. Other sections include chapter III, on the specific legislative, policy and other measures in the field of prevention; chapter IV, on protection and support issues; chapter V, on substantive law aspects; chapter VI, on investigation, prosecution, procedural law and protective measures; chapter VII, on migration and asylum issues; and chapter VIII, on international cooperation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- In 2016, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees established an advisory group on gender, forced displacement and protection, of which the Special Rapporteur is a member, which and explored, inter alia, good practices for fostering meaningful community engagement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- The large-scale phenomenon of female migration has yet to be adequately addressed in migration policies with the full recognition of the gender-specific challenges and risks that migrating and refugee women and girls face. The Special Rapporteur stands ready to assist in the development of necessary guidance for States in this field.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Gender-related killings of women 2012, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- In his report on working towards the elimination of crimes against women committed in the name of honour, the Secretary-General presented a series of recommendations in relation to the criminalization of such acts, and noted that those deliberately participating in, facilitating, encouraging or threatening women and girls in the name of honour should be punished. He also noted that "in countries with immigrant communities, protection should be given to victims and potential victims in connection with asylum and immigration procedures".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- Defilement, rape, early marriages and survival sex continue to be major problems affecting women asylum-seekers and refugees, both in camps as well as women residing in urban areas. During conflicts, women are often trafficked across borders to provide sexual services to combatants in armed conflict. Armed conflict increases the risk of women and girls being abducted and forced into sexual slavery and/or forced prostitution. Although most conflicts are now internal, women and girls may be transported across international borders to camps of armed groups located in the territory of a neighbouring State. Abuses against women and girls have also been committed by international personnel deployed in United Nations peace operations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- Administrative detention of migrants raises multiple human rights concerns, including a lack of legal protection, an absence of limits on the length of detention and few, if any, possibilities of obtaining redress through the courts. Women migrants held in immigration detention are subject to similar conditions as incarcerated women, including sexual and physical violence, violations of privacy and inadequate health care. The lack or inadequacy of interpretation and translation services may make it difficult or even impossible for women foreign nationals to make complaints or object to abuses. Cultural differences can also exacerbate these problems, especially where women migrants are used to complying unquestioningly with the demands of men or individuals in authority. Both a 1999 and a 2011 report note that although immigration detention facilities are civil and administrative forums, many function similarly to punitive correctional facilities in terms of confinement and isolation practices (E/CN.4/1999/68/Add.2 and A/HRC/17/26/Add.5 and Corr.1).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Human rights instruments that have been adopted include the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, the Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa and the Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights. The African human rights system is also referred to in the treaties of the subregional economic and political communities in Africa. Due to space constraints, those subregional systems will not be discussed in this report.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- The mandate has identified rape/sexual assault, sexual harassment, violence within institutions, trafficking, forced prostitution, violence against women migrant workers, and pornography as forms of violence against women occurring in the community. Stalking, violence against lesbians, bisexuals and transgender persons, bride-kidnapping, femicide (including killings in connection to witchcraft and dowry) are other manifestations of violence against women in this sphere.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- LGBTQI+
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Violence perpetrated or condoned by the State may include gender-based violence during conflict, custodial violence, violence against refugees and internally displaced persons as well as against women from indigenous and minority groups.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- Institutional mechanisms include both a commission and a court. The mandate of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights includes receiving and investigating individual petitions relating to violations of human rights; observing the general situation of human rights in member States; conducting in loco visits to countries to conduct an in-depth analysis of the general situation and/or to investigate a specific situation; developing an awareness of human rights among the peoples of the Americas, including through the publication of reports on relevant thematic issues; organizing and holding visits, lectures, seminars and meetings with State and non-State actors; making recommendations to member States; requesting member States, in serious and urgent cases, to adopt precautionary measures, in order to prevent irreparable harm; presenting cases to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights; requesting advisory opinions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights; and examining inter-State communications. The use of the precautionary measures mechanism has led to the Commission requesting a State party to adopt measures to protect the life and integrity of women's rights defenders in Colombia working with issues pertaining to the armed conflict; to protect the life, integrity and health of women living in displacement camps in Haiti; to ensure the safety of women's rights defenders in Mexico; and to protect victims of sexual abuse, among other urgent situations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Violence against women: Twenty years of developments to combat violence against women 2014, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- In the discharge of the mandate, the Special Rapporteur is required to prepare annual thematic reports and reports on country visits. At the initiative of the previous Special Rapporteur, a 15-year review of the mandate was conducted. The review provides a comprehensive overview and analysis of the functioning of the mandate from 1994 to 2009. As stated in the review, in addition to the issues covered in the thematic reports, the mandate has dealt with several other issues that have been subsumed in the annual reports, country mission reports and communications to governments, including issues relating to health rights, including sexual and reproductive rights; women refugees and asylum seekers; national institutional mechanisms; as well as various aspects of implementation challenges. The mandate holders over that period highlighted in their reports that, despite advances in the creation of tools to enable and enhance compliance, lack of compliance and implementation continues to pose a serious challenge.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- The challenges that women and girls migrants face include the risk of certain forms of violence, including sexual violence, by smugglers, criminal groups and individuals in countries of origin, transit and destination. Their journey could also turn into trafficking, slavery and slavery-like practices. They may also face greater risks of sexual violence and harassment while in transit in camps or shelters owing to, among others, shared accommodation and common sanitation facilities, which make them vulnerable to violence and abuse. They may lack access to gender-specific services, while frequently the reluctance of victims to report cases of sexual violence results in underreporting. Besides being a key reason behind many women's decisions to migrate, gender-based violence is a common feature throughout their journeys and in countries of destination.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Vision-setting report 2016, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- The protection of women from violence is addressed in various human rights instruments, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Charter of the United Nations, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- The risks and heightened vulnerability of violence against women in the transnational arena were highlighted by the former Special Rapporteur who referred to this fourth sphere as a "continuum of life experience across conventional state boundaries". The situation of women victims of trafficking and other forms of contemporary forms of slavery, refugee women and women migrant workers, especially irregular migrant workers, as well as the exploitation of women by actors operating in the transnational sphere such as peacekeepers, are examined here.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- Prison authorities and staff do not foster a supportive environment for women prisoners' timely access to medical services, failing to attend to complaints of ill health with urgency and sometimes disregarding prisoners' ailments altogether. For example in the United States, patients with chronic health concerns complain of long delays before seeing a doctor (A/HRC/17/26/Add.5 and Corr.1). Female detainees in Zambia receive little medical attention for pre- and postnatal treatment and care (A/HRC/17/26/Add.4).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- Building on the Vienna Declaration and its framework, both the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing (1995) and the Third World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance in Durban (2001) addressed the multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination that cause intra-gender and intra-racial inequalities respectively. The Fourth World Conference on Women recognized the particular vulnerability to violence of "women belonging to minority groups, indigenous women, refugee women, women migrants, including women migrant workers, women in poverty living in rural or remote communities, destitute women, women in institutions or in detention, female children, women with disabilities, elderly women, displaced women, repatriated women, women living in poverty and women in situations of armed conflict, foreign occupation, wars of aggression, civil wars, terrorism, including hostage-taking." The World Conference against Racism included gender and racial discrimination among its five areas of focus. The Durban Declaration expressed the view "that racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance reveal themselves in a differentiated manner for women and girls, and can be among the factors leading to a deterioration in their living conditions, poverty, violence, multiple forms of discrimination, and the limitation or denial of their human rights."
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- Many countries hold women in pretrial detention for extremely long periods, and the number of female pretrial detainees is often equivalent to or larger than the number of convicted female prisoners. Pretrial detainees may have limited contact with other prisoners, fewer opportunities for health-care, vocational or job programmes, as well as restrictions on family contact.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph