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Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights considered that there was no need for a separate legally binding treaty on eliminating violence against women. The ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and Children believed that it was not necessary to have a separate legally binding treaty focused on violence against women with its own monitoring body because of the existence of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and general recommendation No. 19, as such a treaty would compete for attention and resources. The ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and Children indicated that reporting to another monitoring body would constitute an additional burden on Governments in terms of resources. It noted that the consolidation and institutionalization of the Convention would be the best strategy, instead of imposing another treaty that might undermine the power and authority of the Committee.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur notes that, while the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the group of experts of the Council of Europe on action against violence against women and domestic violence, the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights and the ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and Children did not endorse the proposal for a new stand-alone instrument on violence against women, the Special Rapporteur on the rights of women in Africa encouraged the creation of a new treaty. At the same time, the Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence against Women and the Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and in practice would support a supplementary protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women as a long-term solution.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- Civil society organizations also claimed that the current framework failed to address violence against women in specific contexts such as violence against women in conflict; situations of “invisible violence”, namely economic violence and psychological violence against, for instance, women belonging to minority groups; and the specific experiences of children exposed to violence against women. They also pointed out that, among the substantive issues that were missing in the current legal framework, there was the need to create an intersectionality of approach, including the initiatives by the Committee on the Rights of the Child, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Human Rights Council and the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- Moreover, some organizations noted that there was a lack of strong institutionalized follow-up measures aimed at ensuring that the relevant recommendations of women’s rights mechanisms were implemented at the national level. Furthermore, in the ASEAN region, the mandate of the ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and Children was limited to promoting international laws and standards, rather than ensuring enforcement and implementation by States.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- Civil society organizations underlined that boys and men should be addressed in the treaty as both perpetrators and potential allies for change. In addition, the correlation of violence against women with violence against children, whether boys being witnesses to domestic violence against their mothers or children of all gender identities being subjected to corporal punishment, needed to be made clear and solutions needed to be part of the treaty.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Boys
- Children
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Adequacy of the international legal framework on violence against women 2017, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- General recommendation No. 35 also recommends that States “ensure access to financial aid and free or low-cost high quality legal aid, medical, psychosocial and counselling services, education, affordable housing, land, childcare, training and employment opportunities for women victims and survivors, and their family members. Health-care services should be responsive to trauma and include timely and comprehensive sexual, reproductive and mental health services. States should provide specialist women’s support services, such as free-of-charge 24-hour helplines, and sufficient numbers of safe and adequately equipped crisis, support and referral centres, as well as adequate shelters for women, their children, and other family members as required”.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2017
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- Article 2 of the Protocol requires States to take positive action to address inequalities between women and men in State efforts to ensure that women enjoy their rights. Other articles set out obligations with respect to, among other things, the right to dignity; the right to life, integrity and security of the person; protection from harmful practices; rights in marriage, which include entitlement to property and the custody and guardianship of children; protection from early and forced marriages; the right of access to justice and equal protection of the law; the right to participate in political and decision-making processes; the right to peace; the rights to adequate housing, food security, education and equality in access to employment; reproductive and health rights, including control of one's fertility; and the right to be protected against HIV infection. The Protocol also includes specific provisions on the protection of rights of women with disabilities. All promotional and protective provisions in the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and other human rights instruments are equally applicable in the interpretation of the Protocol.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child makes reference to aspects of violence against girls, including early and forced marriages; child labour; abuse; torture; harmful social and cultural practices; the situation of children in armed conflict; sexual exploitation; and trafficking and abduction. While embracing African tradition and values, the Charter prohibits traditional practices and customs that are harmful to the child.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- The Council of Europe has substantial legislative powers, while the European Union, as the other major European political-legal body, has limited jurisdictional competence, including in issuing any laws in the area of violence against women. The European Union has issued two directives regarding specific forms of violence that affect women disproportionately, namely, trafficking, and sexual harassment in the workplace. The Council of Europe has adopted two legally binding instruments: the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings and the Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse. Due to space constraints, those instruments will not be discussed in the present report.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- As regards prevention, States are required: to put in place policies that are necessary to change attitudes and challenge gender roles and stereotypes that make violence against women acceptable; to train professionals working with victims; to raise awareness of the different forms of violence and their traumatizing nature; to cooperate with NGOs, the media and the private sector; and to reach out to the public. Regarding protection and support, States must ensure that the needs and safety of victims are placed at the centre of all measures, and establish: specialized support services to provide medical assistance as well as psychological and legal counselling for victims and their children; shelters in sufficient numbers; free telephone helplines; specialized support for victims of sexual violence; and reporting structures for professionals.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Closing the gap in international human rights law: lessons from three regional human rights systems on legal standards and practices regarding violence against women 2015, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- The Inter-American human rights system was created in 1948 and functions within the framework of the Organization of American States, with primary areas of focus including democracy, human rights, security and development. Normative developments include the adoption in 1948 of the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man and the Charter of the Organization of American States. The Declaration recognizes a range of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to life (art. I); the right of women, during pregnancy and the nursing period, and children to special protection, care and aid (art. VII); the right to the preservation of one's health and well?being (art. XI); the right to education (art. XII); the right to take part in cultural life and benefit from intellectual progress (art. XIII); the right to work and to fair remuneration (art. XIV); and the right to social security (art. XVI). The Charter refers to human rights in several of its provisions, including article 3 (l) on the fundamental rights of the individual without distinction as to race, nationality, creed or sex. Article 17 provides: "Each State has the right to develop its cultural, political, and economic life freely and naturally. In this free development, the State shall respect the rights of the individual and the principles of universal morality." Article 106 provided for the creation of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights as a consultative mechanism for the promotion and protection of human rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- Country visits indicate that certain groups of women are at particular risk of violence. In the United States, the Special Rapporteur noted that women of African-American descent experience intimate partner violence at rates 35 per cent higher than white women. Further demonstrating the nexus between poverty, exclusion and violence, the country visit revealed that prevalence of domestic violence and sexual assault against Native-American women exceeded that of any other population group in the country. The Special Rapporteur also found that poor women and those with little education, widows or separated women are particularly vulnerable as they lack family and community support. In Algeria and Kyrgyzstan, women between the ages of 25 and 44, and women with two or more children reportedly suffered high levels of domestic violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur's visits to El Salvador, Kyrgyzstan and Zambia - all three source, transit and destination countries for human trafficking - indicated strong commonalities with regard to trafficking of women and children. In Kyrgyzstan, trafficking of women and children became increasingly common during the country's transition period and continues to be a problem. While there are no reliable statistical data with respect to the prevalence of trafficking, a Government report noted that 98 per cent of trafficking victims are women and girls between 15 and 30 years of age. Offers of false employment in urban areas lure young women and girls from rural areas to move to cities, or abroad, where they are forced into sexual exploitation. One young woman interviewed during the visit, who had come to Bishkek to seek employment, was lured to a house in the outskirts of the city where she was locked up for months and forced to have sex with clients. Due to fear of retaliation, she had not reported the case to the police and was even afraid to walk the streets. Similarly, in El Salvador the Special Rapporteur found that the majority of victims of trafficking were women and girls transferred from rural to urban areas in the country. Insufficient measures to ensure victim and witness protection, lack of support services and ineffective responses by law enforcement officials contributed to underreporting of the phenomenon.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Continuum of violence against women from the home to the transnational sphere: the challenges of effective redress 2011, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- The principles discussed above were articulated by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in its 2009 ruling of Gonzalez et al. ("Cotton Field") v. México. In this case, concerning the abduction, killing and sexual violence of two children and a young woman by non-State actors in 2003, the Court broadly interpreted the State's obligations to exercise due diligence to prevent, investigate and impose penalties for violence against women. The decision is seminal in that the Inter American Court for the first time embraced the concept of gender-sensitive reparations with a transformative approach. It held that in a situation of structural discrimination, reparations should aim at transforming such situation, thus aspiring not only to restitution but also to correction. It spelled out the criteria to be applied for the assessment of reparations, which include the following: (i) reparations should have a direct connection with the violations found by the Court; (ii) they should repair in a proportional manner pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages; (iii) they cannot be a source of enrichment or impoverishment; (iv) restitution is an aim but without breaching the principle of non-discrimination; (v) reparations should be "oriented to identify and eliminate the structural factors of discrimination"; (vi) they should take into account a gender perspective; and (vii) take into account all the measures alleged by the State to have been taken to repair the harm.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- Article 2 of the Protocol requires States to take positive action to address inequalities between women and men in State efforts to ensure that women enjoy their rights. Other articles set out obligations with respect to, among other things, the right to dignity; the right to life, integrity and security of the person; protection from harmful practices; rights in marriage, which include entitlement to property and the custody and guardianship of children; protection from early and forced marriages; the right of access to justice and equal protection of the law; the right to participate in political and decision-making processes; the right to peace; the rights to adequate housing, food security, education and equality in access to employment; reproductive and health rights, including control of one's fertility; and the right to be protected against HIV infection. The Protocol also includes specific provisions on the protection of rights of women with disabilities. All promotional and protective provisions in the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and other human rights instruments are equally applicable in the interpretation of the Protocol.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child makes reference to aspects of violence against girls, including early and forced marriages, child labour, abuse, torture, harmful social and cultural practices, the situation of children in armed conflict, sexual exploitation, and trafficking and abduction. While embracing African tradition and values, the Charter prohibits traditional practices and customs that are harmful to the child.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- The Council of Europe has substantial legislative powers, while the European Union, as the other major European political-legal body, has limited jurisdictional competence, including in issuing any laws in the area of violence against women. The European Union has issued two directives regarding specific forms of violence that affect women disproportionately, namely, trafficking, and sexual harassment in the workplace. The Council of Europe has adopted two legally binding instruments: the Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings and the Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse. Owing to space constraints, those instruments are not discussed in the present report.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- As regards prevention, States are required to put in place policies that are necessary to change attitudes and challenge gender roles and stereotypes that make violence against women acceptable; train professionals working with victims; raise awareness of the different forms of violence and their traumatizing nature; cooperate with non-governmental organizations, the media and the private sector; and reach out to the public. Regarding protection and support, States must ensure that the needs and safety of victims are placed at the centre of all measures and establish specialized support services to provide medical assistance as well as psychological and legal counselling for victims and their children; shelters in sufficient numbers; free telephone helplines; specialized support for victims of sexual violence; and reporting structures for professionals.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Existing legal standards and practices regarding violence against women in three regional human rights systems and activities being undertaken by civil society regarding the normative gap in international human rights law 2015, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- The inter-American human rights system was created in 1948 and functions within the framework of the Organization of American States (OAS), with primary areas of focus including democracy, human rights, security and development. Normative developments include the adoption in 1948 of the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man and the Charter of the Organization of American States. The Declaration recognizes a range of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to life (art. I); the right of women, during pregnancy and the nursing period, and children to special protection, care and aid (art. VII); the right to the preservation of one's health and well?being (art. XI); the right to education (art. XII); the right to take part in cultural life and benefit from intellectual progress (art. XIII); the right to work and to fair remuneration (art. XIV); and the right to social security (art. XVI). The Charter refers to human rights in several of its provisions, including article 3 (l) on the fundamental rights of the individual without distinction as to race, nationality, creed or sex. Article 17 provides: "Each State has the right to develop its cultural, political, and economic life freely and naturally. In this free development, the State shall respect the rights of the individual and the principles of universal morality." Article 106 provided for the creation of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights as a consultative mechanism for the promotion and protection of human rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Gender-related killings of women 2012, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- Until 1985 Canada had many discriminatory laws against aboriginal women and children; this has had an intergenerational impact, and has contributed to a legacy of violence, abuse and impunity. Today, a young aboriginal woman is five times more likely than other Canadian women of the same age to die of violence. According to a 2010 report, of 582 cases of violence against aboriginal women, 20 per cent involved missing women and girls, 67 per cent involved women or girls who died as a result of homicide or negligence, and 4 per cent fell under the category of suspicious death (usually declared natural or accidental by the police). Between 2000 and 2008, 153 cases of murders of women and girls were reported, and in 115 of these cases, the bodies are still missing. Aboriginal women and girls are more likely to be killed by a stranger than are non-aboriginal women. Approximately 50 per cent of such murders remain unsolved. The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women has expressed its concern that "hundreds of cases involving aboriginal women who have gone missing or been murdered in the past two decades have neither been fully investigated nor attracted priority attention, with the perpetrators remaining unpunished".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Girls
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Gender-related killings of women 2012, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- In recent decades, sex-ratio imbalances in favour of boy children have grown in a number of Asian countries, and there is broad agreement concerning the problem of gender-biased sex selection. In a context of son preference, the recent availability of technologies that can be used for sex selection has compounded the problem. The rise in sex-ratio imbalances and the normalization of the use of sex selection is caused by deeply embedded discrimination against women within marriage systems, family formation and inheritance laws.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Harmful Practices
- Person(s) affected
- Boys
- Children
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Modalities for the establishment of femicides/gender-related killings watch 2016, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- Another relevant Goal for violence against women is Goal 16, to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels, in particular target 16.1, to significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere, and target 16.2, to end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Modalities for the establishment of femicides/gender-related killings watch 2016, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- Goal 11, to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, and target 11.2, to provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons, and target 11.7, to provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities, are also directly relevant.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Older persons
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Modalities for the establishment of femicides/gender-related killings watch 2016, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- The Domestic Violence Fatality Review collects data about all domestic violence-related homicides and suicide deaths in Washington State, United States of America. Community review teams examine the events leading up to these deaths and take an in-depth look at how community systems responded to domestic violence. They identify gaps in laws, policy, practice, training and resources and, on that basis, make policy recommendations to strengthen the community response to domestic violence, increase safety and choices for survivors and their children, hold abusers accountable and prevent violence before it begins. In addition to in-depth case reviews, the project collects data on all domestic violence-related homicide and suicide deaths. Its definition of a domestic violence fatality is specific to intimate partner violence and includes homicides by any current or former intimate partner; friends, family, new partners or police officers killed by abusers in the context of intimate partner abuse; abusers killed by victims, police or someone intervening; and suicides of abusers following a domestic violence homicide or assault. The Review combines information about domestic violence fatalities with other state-wide data sources, including death certificates, court records and census data, to produce a rich analysis on a wide range of issues. Examples of its research and data analysis include the connection between domestic violence history and suicide, the disproportionate rates of domestic violence homicide by race, domestic violence homicide victims' past use of child support enforcement and pregnancy rates among victims killed by intimate partners.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Modalities for the establishment of femicides/gender-related killings watch 2016, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- Those data had been gathered from publicly available sources, in particular media articles, and also included details of the perpetrators and the incident, including the date, names, police force jurisdiction, information about children, the recorded motive and the weapon used. Some of the data are verified, emanating from official reports, while other data, from media reports, are unverified. The census records women killed by men under any circumstance, not just intimate partner violence. Data are disaggregated by age, nationality, ethnicity and occupation of both the victim and perpetrator. Information on the health condition of the victim, including whether she was pregnant, and the relationship status with her perpetrator are recorded. This includes whether they were separated and, if so, the time that had elapsed between the actual separation or end of the relationship and the victim's death (from the information analysed, it appears that 53 per cent of intimate partner violence took place within one month of separation), whether the femicide took place in a context of the victim having rejected the perpetrator's advances or was committed in the course of another crime (e.g., high level of killings of older women in the course of burglaries) and any other information that would shed light on the nature of the femicide.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Older persons
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Modalities for the establishment of femicides/gender-related killings watch 2016, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- For more than 25 years, the Minnesota Coalition for Battered Women has been producing a "femicide report", an annual report on domestic violence homicides in the state. It lists the number of victims of domestic homicide and is compiled from news accounts and information provided by law enforcement agencies, county attorneys, court administrators, battered women's programmes and family members and friends of the victims. The Coalition notes that the murder of women and children of colour, women and children living in poverty, rural women and children, lesbian, bisexual and transgender women and women and children used in prostitution and sex trafficking may be underreported in its listing, given that such crimes are often not reported in the media.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 13
- Paragraph text
- In 1993, the Vienna Conference on Human Rights adopted a declaration and a programme of action, which took into account both discrimination and violence against women. The Conference addressed specific human rights violations suffered by identifiable groups of individuals, including persons belonging to national, racial, ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities, indigenous peoples, women, children and persons with disabilities. It also recognized violence against women as a particular human rights violation which required the attention and resources of the United Nations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- Institutional and structural violence is any form of structural inequality or institutional discrimination that maintains a woman in a subordinate position, whether physical or ideological, to other people within her family, household or community. In many contexts, there are discriminatory measures in place that maintain gender stratification that privileges male power and control, and which disadvantages some women in particular ways. Gender ideologies that dictate that men should control women or allow for men to physically control their partners or children are forms of gender-based structural violence. Therefore, when a woman is abused by a husband because he believes he has the right to physically assault her, the woman is experiencing interpersonal and structural violence simultaneously.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and violence against women 2011, para. 92
- Paragraph text
- Women also have the right to freely participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits. International law has recognized a woman and girl child's right to benefit from artistic and literary endeavours, and to pursue interests in science or other forms of creative expression. Additionally, all women have a right to fully participate in the cultural life of their communities and States. Any group or individual that denies a woman or girl child the right to cultural expression is denying her right to participate fully in a meaningful cultural life. Similarly, if any act of abuse is perpetrated against a woman or girl child in the name of culture, this individual or group is perverting the basic fundamental right to culture as found in international law, and is perpetuating a static and narrow conception of culture.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 2011
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Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 45
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- In Africa, the needs of women and children receive "little to no attention", as "prison administration remains a decidedly male- and adult-dominated milieu". Due to the same laws and rules which are applicable to women and men prisoners in India, "inadequate attention is paid to women-specific needs such as menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, contact with children, body searches, and lack of general privacy".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2013
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