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Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- The way in which the status and rights of migrants are recognized determines their degree of integration in the country of destination. Legal and administrative restrictions imposed in the field of housing affect the living conditions of migrants and prevent them from living a dignified life, fully integrated into the community that hosts them. Patterns of discrimination and segregation are witnessed in cities across the world, where migrants are excluded from the essential structures and interactions that constitute urban life. Moreover, the present tendency towards migration is one of greater controls, physical barriers and the pursuit of migrants' invisibility.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- Migrants, however, have a number of rights in their country of destination that must be recognized and respected by public authorities and private individuals. Regardless of their immigration status, all migrants must be afforded essential levels of protection with regard to their access to adequate housing and living conditions. Accordingly, States are under the obligation to adopt all necessary measures to progressively ensure the realization of the right of non-citizens under their jurisdiction to adequate housing and to protect them from discriminatory, unfair and degrading treatment. It is worth recalling that, as part of their core obligations and with immediate effect, Governments should ensure access to basic shelter and housing to all migrants in their territory. To fulfil this obligation, the Special Rapporteur provides a number of recommendations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- States should elaborate and adopt a national housing strategy that establishes the objectives and available resources, time frame and responsibilities for the development of appropriate housing conditions that include the needs of migrants. In addition, States should ensure that laws, strategies and plans of action are implemented in such a way as to address discrimination by public and private actors, in particular with regard to the right to adequate housing, and take account of the situation of documented and undocumented migrants. State policies should include special measures and incentives to change the attitudes of public and private actors towards migrants. States should frequently review the regulations governing housing allocation in the public and private spheres and adopt effective inspection and enforcement mechanisms.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Measures to ensure access to adequate housing for migrants require effective universal housing policies, in addition to specific policy measures addressed to migrants. Targeted policies are necessary to make up for deficiencies in the market and the public provision of housing and to ensure equal access where embedded discriminatory practices prevent this from happening. Effective targeted policies require a reliable assessment of the housing needs of migrants, conducted in consultation with them. Matching the elaboration of universal policies inclusive of migrants with the adoption of special plans to address their particular housing challenges is thus recommended to help foster the real integration of migrants into the community and to promote the enjoyment of their right to adequate housing.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- As part of social and cultural integration policies, States should involve migrants in decision-making processes and promote their active participation in public life through adequate representation and participation mechanisms. States should also inform migrants of their rights and duties in the country and promote their active exercise. Migrants are at a particular disadvantage as a result of lack of information. The need for appropriate housing information and advice to prevent housing exclusion and homelessness of migrants is essential, and States have the responsibility to provide it. They should ensure that information and advice on rights and duties relating to housing is available to migrants, including in their native languages. Furthermore, States should foster mutual understanding among local communities and ensure mutual respect for cultural diversity.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- The effective monitoring of the housing situation is an immediate obligation of States. Governments should take the measures necessary to ascertain the full extent of homelessness and inadequate housing within their jurisdiction. The indicators used to assess the housing situation must be disaggregated on the basis of the prohibited grounds of discrimination, including national origin (and citizenship), so as to ensure an accurate description of the housing and living conditions of particularly vulnerable groups, such as migrants. Housing strategies should assess the needs of migrants through periodic housing surveys and monitor housing indicators related to equal opportunity.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- Discrimination and xenophobia affect the living conditions of migrants and their coexistence with the local community. They have thus been identified as key factors in the exclusion of migrants from adequate housing. States need to combat xenophobia and discrimination as a matter of urgency and ensure that no legislative or administrative acts reinforce discrimination against migrants with regard to their access to social or private housing. Moreover, States should take effective measures to ensure that housing agencies and private landlords refrain from engaging in discriminatory practices.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- States must protect migrants from discrimination in access to housing by public and private actors, through appropriate judicial and administrative procedures, and guarantee redress to victims. Accordingly, States should adopt all necessary administrative and legislative measures and provide the appropriate mechanisms to prosecute and sanction discrimination and unfair and degrading treatment against migrants regarding their access to housing and should offer effective grievance mechanisms and remedies to the victims.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- International migrants worldwide are estimated to number over 200 million, representing 3.1 per cent of the world population. Ninety million of them are migrant workers. Forty-eight per cent of all international migrants are women. While the larger proportion of migrants moves from low- and middle-income countries to high-income countries, representing a total flow of 80 million persons, it is estimated that South-South migration accounts for 47 per cent of all migration from the South. Migration between developing countries may be even higher if undocumented migration is considered, as official numbers are for the most part unknown, but it is estimated to be around one third of documented migration.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- The growing number of international migrants can be considered a by-product of globalization. As a result of the declining cost of transportation, reduced barriers to trade and business and increased awareness of opportunities through the mass media and communications technologies, migration patterns have undergone a profound transformation in terms of intensification and geographical diversification. However, while international flows of capital and goods find few restrictions in the globalized world, a number of obstacles and requirements constrain international migration. In recent decades, the world has witnessed an increase in government-imposed barriers to movement, especially for low-skilled migrants. Restrictions on migration are found in regulations on entering or staying in a host or transit country and can both directly and indirectly affect a migrant's access to housing. Nonetheless, evidence has shown that while such policies are ineffective in reducing the number of migrants, they certainly contribute to their vulnerability.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 7
- Paragraph text
- Besides globalization, two recent phenomena affect global migration patterns. As expressed in the annual report of the Special Rapporteur to the General Assembly in 2009 (A/64/255), climate change is a factor influencing migration. As a consequence of environmental degradation, depletion of natural resources and natural disasters, many people around the world find their lives and health threatened, their houses and land destroyed and their sources of livelihood taken away. Affected populations are then forced to migrate to other regions within their countries or to other countries. Migrants may leave voluntarily in search of better lives or may be forcibly evacuated during disasters.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- Migrants are particularly vulnerable to human rights violations, the enjoyment of housing being among the most endangered rights. The duties of migrants to the host State are equal to those of locals from the moment that they enter the host community, as they are bound by its laws. However, migrants do not enjoy equal rights and usually endure inferior conditions in every social sphere. Although several international instruments oblige States and other agents to ensure the right to adequate housing, migrants are frequently victims of discrimination in that respect.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- The realization of the right of migrants to adequate housing is often limited owing to a number of factors, such as marginalization and intolerance, inadequate housing policies or inadequate coverage of social housing schemes, cultural barriers and obstacles stemming from the legal status of migrants. In most migration processes, it is common that migrant status represents a clear disadvantage when one is looking for a place to live. A number of factors usually combine to create this circumstance: the urgency of newly arrived migrants to find a home; their lack of information; the legal insecurity in which migrants find themselves in the host country; and the stereotyping and intolerance shown towards migrants in the public and private spheres. As a consequence, among underprivileged groups, migrants face added difficulties and are less likely to find adequate housing. In this context, the undifferentiating character of most housing policies respond imperfectly to this structural inequality and allow discriminatory practices to flourish.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- States are under an obligation to ensure non-discrimination and equal treatment to migrants in the enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to adequate housing. Moreover, the high degree of vulnerability that migrants experience as a mere consequence of their status requires the adoption of special measures to counter the cumulative negative effect of systemic marginalization and discrimination. Regrettably, many States have explicitly indicated that they do not wish to provide the same degree of protection to migrants as to their own citizens and even less to undocumented migrants.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- In the present report, the Special Rapporteur pays particular attention to the situation of migrant workers employed in low-skilled and informal work as well as undocumented migrants, not only because their housing situation is of grave concern, but also because they represent the largest proportion of migrants worldwide, and thus their human rights situation is regrettably replicated across the globe. The situation of migrant workers belonging to minority groups and migrant women and children is also explored, in the light of the multiple forms of exclusion these vulnerable groups experience. Before referring to the challenges faced by migrants in their right to adequate housing and the public policies affecting them, the report analyses the legal framework applicable to migrants regarding their access to adequate housing and evokes the importance of the principle of equality and non-discrimination in this context.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- Article 5 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination sets out the right of everyone, without distinction as to race, colour or national or ethnic origin, to equality in the enjoyment of the right to housing. Article 43 of the International Convention for the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families requires States to ensure the same treatment regarding access of documented migrants to housing as is afforded to nationals, including social housing schemes and protection against exploitation in respect of rent. Moreover, article 64 requires States to promote sound, equitable and humane conditions in connection with international migration and to pay due regard not only to labour needs and resources, but also to the social, economic, cultural and other needs of migrant workers.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- Article 6 of the International Labour Organization (ILO) Migration for Employment Convention (Revised) of 1949 requires parties to the Convention to apply, without discrimination in respect of nationality, race, religion or sex, to immigrants lawfully within its territory, treatment no less favourable than that which it applies to its own nationals in respect of accommodation. Similarly, the ILO Workers' Housing Recommendation of 1961 calls upon the competent authorities to pay particular attention to the particular problem of housing of migrant workers and their families and to ensure as rapidly as possible equality of treatment between migrant workers and national workers in that respect.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- At the regional level, article 13 of the European Convention on the Legal Status of Migrant Workers, requires States to accord to migrant workers treatment not less favourable than that accorded to its own nationals with regard to access to housing and rents; to ensure that standards of fitness of accommodation are kept up for migrant workers as for its own nationals; to protect migrant workers against exploitation in respect of rents; and to ensure that the housing of migrant workers is suitable. In addition, article 19 (4) (c) of the European Social Charter requires States to secure documented migrant workers and their families treatment not less favourable than that of their own nationals regarding accommodation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- In General Comment No. 20 on non-discrimination in economic, social and cultural rights, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights stresses that the rights enshrined in the Covenant, including the right to adequate housing, apply to all people, including non-nationals and migrant workers, regardless of their legal status and documentation. It thus affords equal protection to documented and undocumented migrants. Accordingly, it requests States to adopt measures, including legislation, to prevent and eliminate formal and informal discrimination and to ensure that individuals and entities in the private sphere do not discriminate on prohibited grounds.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- General recommendation No. 30 of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination calls on States to remove obstacles that prevent the enjoyment of the right to adequate housing to non-citizens and to guarantee them equal enjoyment of this right with citizens. In particular, the Committee requests States to guarantee the equal enjoyment of the right to adequate housing for citizens and non citizens as well as to avoid segregation in housing and ensure that housing agencies refrain from engaging in discriminatory practices. In its decision on F.A. v. Norway (see A/56/18, annex III), after learning that housing advertisements in Norway contained requirements such as "non-foreigners desired", the Committee urged the State to adopt measures to ensure that housing agencies refrain from discriminatory practices and to guarantee to citizens and non-citizens the right to adequate housing.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- In its concluding observations of 25 May 2007 on Egypt (CMW/C/EGY/CO/1), the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families expressed its concern about reports that some migrant workers suffer from discrimination, inter alia, in the area of housing, and encouraged the State to ensure that the rights provided for in the Convention are enjoyed without discrimination. The Committee expresses similar concerns with regard to non-Arab migrants in the Syrian Arab Republic in its concluding observations of 2 May 2008 (CMW/C/SYR/CO/1).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- In its conclusions on Albania of 2006, the European Committee of Social Rights recalled that according to article 19, paragraph 4, of the European Social Charter, States must eliminate all legal and de facto discrimination concerning access to public and private housing for migrant workers and that, accordingly, no legal or de facto restrictions on subsidized housing may be implemented. In its conclusions on the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Committee noted that there were no objective, pre-established and easily understandable eligibility criteria to qualify for housing benefits, and requested information from the Government on the number of foreign nationals who had been refused any form of social assistance on the grounds that they did not satisfy the habitual residence condition. Furthermore, in its decision on the case DCI vs. the Netherlands, the Committee stated that the State must provide adequate shelter to undocumented migrant children under its jurisdiction.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- Discrimination is often a precondition and by-product of the marginalization to which certain groups and individuals are subject and is the root of many inequalities in society. On many occasions migrants suffer multiple forms of discrimination on the basis of national origin, culture, religion or sex. The multiple layers of discrimination and exclusion faced by migrants affect their access to adequate housing. This marginalization is often a manifestation of larger forms of structural discrimination that extend through the institutional, cultural, social and economic fabric of society, adversely affecting the housing conditions and overall well-being of migrants.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- Non-discrimination and equality provisions are thus critical components of the right to adequate housing and crucial for the advancement of migrants. As a key principle of international human rights law, non-discrimination is central to a human rights approach to housing, especially considering the often inadequate housing conditions of migrants. The effective realization of the right to housing through the enforcement of non-discrimination and equality principles is essential to allow migrants to lead dignified lives and participate fully as members of society.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Migrants' access to housing is deeply affected by their economic status. It is important to make the distinction between: (a) migrants entering the host country as highly skilled professionals, with formal employment, high or middle incomes and access to pension and other social security schemes; and (b) migrants employed in low-skilled, irregular, seasonal and hazardous work, with low wages and no social security. The first group of migrants often have legal and economic access to purchase or rent high-quality accommodation in well-located neighbourhoods with full access to services, infrastructure and facilities. For migrants working in low-paid informal jobs, mostly in construction, tourism, care and domestic work, the situation is very different, as their salaries and irregular working conditions usually hamper their access to the housing market on the same footing as locals. The following section will focus on the housing conditions of the latter group of migrants.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- Migrant workers often live in small private rented rooms or flats, properties arranged or provided by employers, slum dwellings, overcrowded houses of relatives and friends or sometimes social housing. They usually face discrimination and numerous obstacles in accessing private and public housing. Lack of information about housing alternatives and schemes, bureaucratic procedures, regulations in the housing sphere and tenants' rights often combine to make it difficult for migrants to pursue adequate housing even when national and local legislation does not prevent them from doing so. Moreover, on many occasions language constraints make these tasks harder or even impossible.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- In the private sector in most countries, it is difficult for low-income migrants to rent private housing, as homeowners often avoid renting to them because of xenophobic sentiments, fear of insolvency or uncertainty of income, inadequate legal documents, short-term stays or lack of an employment record. Moreover, migrants are often asked to provide guarantees that they cannot access in the hosting country. When migrants manage to rent a private home, they are usually requested to pay onerous rents and make advance payments. Migrants may also face discrimination when trying to purchase a property and are sometimes barred by laws and regulations from doing so.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- In the public sphere, insufficient information and inadequate advice, discrimination in the allocation of dwellings or financial assistance, laws restricting the access of non-citizens to public housing, cumbersome bureaucracy and lack of access to grievance mechanisms restrict the access of migrants to public housing. In many countries migrants are not entitled to housing assistance or to public housing, which are reserved for long-term residents. Financial mechanisms supported by the State are also often off-limits for migrant workers.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- Many migrant workers live in accommodations provided by their employers. In some countries, employers of migrant workers are required to provide them with housing. Such housing often lacks the necessary infrastructure, space and maintenance, however. In some cases migrant workers are housed in unfinished buildings, in shacks, in the open air or in metal containers with insufficient ventilation, electricity and sanitary infrastructure. On occasion, employers request a high percentage of the worker's salary to cover accommodation costs, even if the housing is substandard.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The segregation within the urban structure of the hosting territory is another dimension of migrant housing conditions: stereotyping, xenophobia and suspicion against migrants and the erection of barriers to keep them away from the local community foster the exclusion of migrants from the urban space. Segregation is also a consequence of insufficient access to social housing and services, which denies migrants access to fully serviced neighbourhoods, confining them to unserviced and unplanned areas with poor conditions and insufficient infrastructure and further fragmenting cities and fostering spatial clustering. Moreover, the need for undocumented migrants to remain invisible to authorities and the desire of all migrants to increase protection among members of each national community and to receive assistance from relatives and friends encourages ghettoized urban spaces.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph