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Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- Patriarchal attitudes and stereotypes in societies that promote a narrow understanding of the role of women as being confined to the private sphere militate against the ability of women to organize and participate in activities in the public sphere. Thus, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women has expressed concern at the harassment, intimidation and imprisonment of members of women's NGOs and women human rights defenders and at restrictions placed on the activities of organizations focused on gender equality (see, for example, CEDAW/C/UZB/CO/4, paras. 17-18). Similarly, the Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and in practice found that women's participation in political and public life is commonly constrained by structural and societal discrimination in the family, in caregiving responsibilities and in violence against women, and by marginalization by political parties and other non-State public institutions. The obligation of States to remove those barriers is clearly mandated in article 2 (f) of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and has been repeatedly advocated by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (A/HRC/23/50, para. 56). Despite laws prohibiting caste discrimination and positive measures to reverse the impact of discrimination and violence, the Dalit population in India continues to face severe social restrictions in participating on an equal footing with others in political parties and associations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- A recent survey in European Union countries found that 75 per cent of women in management and higher professional positions and 61 per cent of women in the service sector have experienced some form of sexual harassment. Women workers in countries as diverse as Bangladesh, Cambodia, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jordan, Swaziland and Tunisia have reported verbal, physical or sexual abuse, sexual harassment or rape at work. Some 90 per cent of female Kenyan tea and export-processing workers say they have witnessed or experienced sexual abuse at work; nearly all said they were afraid to report it for fear of losing their job.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Gender inequality in the family colludes with discrimination at work to further depress women's worker and human rights. For example, the disproportionate burden of household work falls to women across cultures, curtailing their mobility and limiting their employment opportunities. Shouldering the burden of unpaid care disenfranchises women and distances them from their rights to association at work because it forces women into part-time, on-call, at-home or underpaid care labour to enable them to continue their unpaid work. That often forces women into the informal, unprotected economy. Women generally work those jobs over longer lifespans than men, without job-related social protections, which exacts a heavy toll that includes entrenched impoverishment.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Fundamentalism and its impact on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association 2016, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- The Human Rights Committee has stated that the positive obligations of States parties "will only be fully discharged if individuals are protected by the State, not just against violations of Covenant rights by its agents, but also against acts committed by private persons or entities that would impair the enjoyment of Covenant rights". States parties' failure to take appropriate measures or exercise due diligence to prevent, punish, investigate or redress the harm caused by non-State actors may constitute a violation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women has affirmed that "States may also be responsible for private acts if they fail to act with due diligence to prevent violations of rights or to investigate and punish acts of violence, and for providing compensation". The Inter-American Court of Human Rights has found similarly.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Fundamentalism and its impact on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association 2016, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- In India, discrimination against individuals of lower caste - Dalits - manifests itself in various ways, including a lack of access to justice, threats to life, and gender-based violence against women and girls. Protests by Dalits are often met with violence and excessive use of force by high-caste individuals and law enforcement officials. Also, Dalit activists are detained and prosecuted on serious charges such as terrorism. At the multilateral level, India has placed impediments to accreditation by the Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations (a standing committee of the Economic and Social Council) of the International Dalit Solidarity Network, an international non-governmental organization that focuses on caste-based discrimination and other forms of discrimination based on work and descent (see A/69/365, para. 74).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- [Various international law instruments point to particular principles and measures that States should adopt in order to achieve non-discrimination and equality. For example, States should:] Eliminate gender-based violence, affirm women's right to reproductive choice and modify social or cultural patterns so as to eliminate the idea of stereotyped roles for men and women;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- Women tend to be concentrated in the bottom levels of the global supply chain, in sectors with lower pay, less prestige and fewer benefits, such as the garment, electronic assembly and service sectors. More women than men work in agriculture, where they comprise approximately 70 per cent of the informal workforce. Further, women usually constitute 60 to 90 per cent of the workforce in special economic zones, where worker protections are sharply reduced or eliminated in order to attract foreign investment.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of elections 2013, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- Fundamentally, the Special Rapporteur believes that all peaceful assemblies held during the electoral process, whether or not in support of the ruling party or the incumbent Government, should be entitled to equal treatment. Such assemblies should receive equal protection and facilitation from the State, in fulfilment of its positive obligation in this regard, irrespective of which category or group the demonstrators belong to. In this connection, the Special Rapporteur warns against the increased vulnerability of the aforementioned marginalized groups or groups most at risk from attacks, derogatory comments, stigmatization, and undue restrictions, with a view to serving political agendas, often from different parties. Some of them may also face the revocation of passports and work permits for having taken part in solidarity protests. As a consequence, peaceful assemblies organized by such groups, which may want to seize the opportunity of elections to draw attention to their respective plights, are adversely impacted. The Special Rapporteur is horrified by the aforementioned incidents in Guinea in September 2009, where many women participating in the demonstration or present in the area were stripped naked and sexually assaulted, including by gang rape, both at the stadium and in detention. In Zimbabwe, demonstrators peacefully advocating women rights were brutalized in the context of elections. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, five students were among those killed by security forces in June 2009.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- Situated at the intersections of gender, race, migration and informality, domestic workers represent a large component of the global workforce excluded from the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and to association. ILO estimates that 67 million people globally are domestic workers, and 80 per cent of them are women; and that 11.5 million migrant workers are domestic workers, about three-quarters of them women.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Perhaps the fiercest deterrent to the exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association for women is gender-based violence, which affects more than 35 per cent of women globally. While violence against women generally is increasingly in the global spotlight, its occurrence at work continues to be neglected or ignored.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- Today only about half of women globally are in the labour force, compared to more than three-quarters of men. Three-quarters of their employment is in informal and unprotected work. That makes women far less likely than men to be in trade unions and enjoy work-related protections, including assembly and association rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- Discrimination, abuse and relegation to jobs at the bottom of the global economy undermine women workers' ability to join and form organizations that defend their interests. Worldwide, women's employment is concentrated in low wage work at the far reaches of the global supply chain where social protections, including those afforded by labour law, are scarce.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- Hiring practices also give employers free reign to channel women into low wage, low-status jobs. Women may be concentrated on the global economy's most unprotected positions owing to many employers' belief that women workers are more docile, dexterous or uncomplaining, and will make fewer demands.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Ability of associations to access financial resources as a vital part of the right to freedom of association & Ability to hold peaceful assemblies as an integral component of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly 2013, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- The ability to hold peaceful assemblies is a fundamental and integral component of the multifaceted right to freedom of peaceful assembly, which shall be enjoyed by everyone. Such ability is of utmost importance to the work of civil society actors, including those promoting the realization of economic, social and cultural rights, as it enables them to publicly voice their message, which ultimately benefits the realization of the right(s) they strive to promote and protect, especially in the context of the ongoing dire economic crisis. This is all the more relevant for groups most at risk of violations and discrimination, such as women, youth, indigenous peoples, persons with disabilities, persons belonging to minority groups, groups at risk because of their sexual orientation and gender identity and non-nationals.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Ability of associations to access financial resources as a vital part of the right to freedom of association & Ability to hold peaceful assemblies as an integral component of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly 2013, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Possible issues for discussion include an estimate of the number of participants expected; itinerary of the assembly, if it is not static; specific needs of persons with disabilities and groups at risk, such as women, indigenous peoples and groups who, due to their sexual orientation and/or gender identity may be in need of greater protection by the authorities; need to deploy properly trained and clearly identified stewards whose role is to provide assistance to organizers by, inter alia, informing and orienting the public during the event, but who should not be used to palliate deficiencies in the security apparatus. Importantly, when organizers cannot be identified due to the nature of certain assemblies (such as those convened through the Internet), the authorities must undertake such planning and be prepared to the same extent.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of multilateral institutions 2014, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is concerned that the Committee has on several occasions acted in a manner contrary to the spirit of resolution 1996/31. He was informed that the Committee has arbitrarily deferred applications for consultative status of NGOs, several for many years. As of April 2014, out of the 48 organizations which have had their accreditations repeatedly deferred, 46 work on human rights issues, such as children and women's rights, minorities and country situations: e.g., the Asia Centre for Human Rights (since 2008), the Child Rights Information Network (since 2010), the Iran Human Rights Documentation Centre (since 2010) and the Global Network for Rights and Development (since 2011). The Committee has reportedly addressed either repetitive or irrelevant questions to such organizations. The case of the International Dalit Solidarity Network, an international NGO focusing on caste-based discrimination and other forms of discrimination based on work and descent, is particularly troubling: since 2008, the Network has received 64 written questions from the Committee, all raised by India. It is now the longest pending application before the Committee.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- The lived experiences of members of groups most at risk may be problematic even where legislation promotes equality and non-discrimination, due to practices that threaten and impede the enjoyment of the right to freedom of association. Such practices can lead to the marginalization of groups already disadvantaged in their exercise of the right to freedom of association. The conditions of work for migrant domestic workers, for example, are often characterized by isolation and dependence. This is reinforced by unfamiliarity with the work environment of the host country and a lack of basic support structures, which then encourage bad practices by employers, such as restricting the freedom to leave the workplace. Women migrant workers face gender-based violence and abuse, and migrant domestic workers in irregular situations are further at risk of deportation. They are therefore even less likely to speak out against exploitation and abuse. In these circumstances, migrant workers are faced with considerable obstacles in their efforts to form associations that cater for their interests. Refugees and asylum seekers find themselves in a similar situation where the fear of their status being revoked has a chilling effect on their ability to mobilize.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- The global gender wage gap, currently estimated at 77 per cent, is a further indicator of discrimination against women workers. Gender-based job restrictions enshrined in law, in contravention of international conventions and standards, further depress women's wages and lower their employment rate, generating long-lasting economic and social consequences for themselves, their family and their country. A World Bank survey of 173 countries found that 155 have at least one law impeding women's economic opportunities. Legal restrictions on the type of employment women can access still exist in 79 countries.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Fundamentalism and its impact on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association 2016, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- Religious fundamentalism often has a disproportionate impact upon the assembly and association rights of women. In Latin America, for instance, associations fighting for reproductive rights have faced strong resistance from the Catholic Church and evangelical Christians, who strictly oppose abortion and family planning. The Special Rapporteur in the field of cultural rights has extensively documented the negative impact that Islamic fundamentalism can have on women's enjoyment of assembly and association rights in a number of countries.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur reminds Member States that the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women guarantees the equality of men and women in the enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field (art. 1). Cultural notions, family obligations and perceived vulnerability should never be used as grounds on which to deny or limit the right of women to assembly.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- Women in the global economy are often relegated to low-paying, low-skills jobs. Persistent gender-based violence suppresses the individual and collective assertion of their rights to resist exploitative/abusive employers or State authorities. Further, certain groups of workers, including women, internal and external migrants, racial, ethnic, religious and sexual minorities, dispossessed rural workers and others, are often disenfranchised from the start by their status, making it more difficult to assert rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is deeply concerned about the use of police violence, harassment and judicial intimidation against assemblies held by women in many parts of the world. In Cambodia, for example, female land-rights activists have been targeted for violence, harassment and arrest on numerous occasions. In India, in the State of Orissa, 42 women human rights defenders were arrested and detained for peacefully protesting against the building of a dam. In Sri Lanka, women advocating for investigations into the enforced disappearance of their loved ones face considerable opposition from the Government. In Cuba, women defenders promoting and protecting human rights (Damas de Blanco) have repeatedly been targeted by security forces when peacefully demonstrating for the rights of detainees. Similarly, in Zimbabwe, members of a local women's group, Women of Zimbabwe Arise, were beaten and arrested in September 2013 after staging a peaceful demonstration outside Parliament.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- In other cases, inaction by authorities may prevent some groups from exercising their right to freedom of peaceful assembly. The Special Rapporteur has received numerous reports from India regarding the disruption of public assemblies of Dalit individuals - members of the country's traditional "untouchable" caste. This includes one case in 2009 in which members of another caste obstructed a funeral procession and beat members of the Dalit community. Police reportedly failed to intervene, despite being present. In Egypt, peaceful female demonstrators were sexually assaulted repeatedly in Tahir Square, largely due to the inaction of law enforcement authorities. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, unidentified individuals violently disrupted LGBTI events in 2008 and 2014. In both cases, the police failed to provide protection to the organizers and participants. In several countries, stigmatization and counter-demonstrations against LGBTI pride parades and marches have also dissuaded organizers from holding such events.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
23 shown of 23 entities