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Temporary special measures 2004, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- States parties should provide adequate explanations with regard to any failure to adopt temporary special measures. Such failures may not be justified simply by averring powerlessness, or by explaining inaction through predominant market or political forces, such as those inherent in the private sector, private organizations, or political parties. States parties are reminded that article 2 of the Convention, which needs to be read in conjunction with all other articles, imposes accountability on the State party for action by these actors.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2004
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Core obligations of States parties under article 2 2010, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- The fact that a State party has entered a reservation to article 2 or to subparagraphs of article 2 does not remove the need for that State party to comply with its other obligations under international law, including its obligations under other human rights treaties that the State party has ratified or to which it has acceded and under customary international human rights law relating to the elimination of discrimination against women. Where there is a discrepancy between reservations to provisions of the Convention and similar obligations under other international human rights treaties ratified by a State party or to which it has acceded, it should review its reservations to the Convention with a view to withdrawing them.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Reporting guidelines 1987, para. (b)
- Paragraph text
- [Recommends:] That the States parties should follow the general recommendation adopted in 1986 in these terms: "Initial reports submitted under article 18 of the Convention should cover the situation up to the date of submission. Thereafter, reports should be submitted at least every four years after the first report was due and should include obstacles encountered in implementing the Convention fully and the measures adopted to overcome such obstacles."
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1987
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 55n
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions adopt or amend legislation with a view to effectively addressing and eliminating harmful practices. In doing so, they should ensure:] That the legislation includes provisions on regular evaluation and monitoring, including in relation to implementation, enforcement and follow-up;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 69d
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Ensure that schools provide age-appropriate information on sexual and reproductive health and rights, including in relation to gender relations and responsible sexual behaviour, HIV prevention, nutrition and protection from violence and harmful practices;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 87b
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Establish a free, 24-hour hotline that is staffed by trained counsellors, to enable victims to report instances when a harmful practice is likely to occur or has occurred, and provide referral to needed services and accurate information about harmful practices;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 39a
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Accord priority to the regular collection, analysis, dissemination and use of quantitative and qualitative data on harmful practices disaggregated by sex, age, geographical location, socioeconomic status, education level and other key factors and ensure that such activities are adequately resourced. Regular data collection systems should be established and/or maintained in the health-care and social services, education and judicial and law enforcement sectors on protection-related issues;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Harmful Practices
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 39b
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Collect data through the use of national demographic and indicator surveys and censuses, which may be supplemented by data from nationally representative household surveys. Qualitative research should be conducted through focus group discussions, in-depth key informant interviews with a wide variety of stakeholders, structured observations, social mapping and other appropriate methodologies.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 81g
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Build or reinforce effective partnerships with the mainstream media to support the implementation of awareness-raising programmes and promote public discussions and encourage the creation and observance of self-regulatory mechanisms that respect the privacy of individuals.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 55a
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions adopt or amend legislation with a view to effectively addressing and eliminating harmful practices. In doing so, they should ensure:] That the process of drafting legislation is fully inclusive and participatory. For that purpose, they should conduct targeted advocacy and awareness-raising and use social mobilization measures to generate broad public knowledge of and support for the drafting, adoption, dissemination and implementation of the legislation;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 55b
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions adopt or amend legislation with a view to effectively addressing and eliminating harmful practices. In doing so, they should ensure:] That the legislation is in full compliance with the relevant obligations outlined in the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Convention on the Rights of the Child and other international human rights standards that prohibit harmful practices and that it takes precedence over customary, traditional or religious laws that allow, condone or prescribe any harmful practice, especially in countries with plural legal systems;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 55c
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions adopt or amend legislation with a view to effectively addressing and eliminating harmful practices. In doing so, they should ensure:] That they repeal without further delay all legislation that condones, allows or leads to harmful practices, including traditional, customary or religious laws and any legislation that accepts the defence of honour as a defence or mitigating factor in the commission of crimes in the name of so called honour;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 55d
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions adopt or amend legislation with a view to effectively addressing and eliminating harmful practices. In doing so, they should ensure:] That the legislation is consistent and comprehensive and provides detailed guidance on prevention, protection, support and follow-up services and assistance for victims, including towards their physical and psychological recovery and social reintegration, and is complemented by adequate civil and/or administrative legislative provisions;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 81f
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Initiate public discussions to prevent and promote the elimination of harmful practices, by engaging all relevant stakeholders in the preparation and implementation of the measures, including local leaders, practitioners, grass-roots organizations and religious communities. The activities should affirm the positive cultural principles of a community that are consistent with human rights and include information on experiences of successful elimination by formerly practising communities with similar backgrounds;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Reporting guidelines 1987, para. (a)
- Paragraph text
- [Recommends:] That the States parties, in preparing reports under article 18 of the Convention, should follow the general guidelines adopted in August 1983 (CEDAW/C/7) as to the form, content and date of reports;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1987
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Political and public life 1997, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- Measures which should be identified, implemented and monitored for effectiveness include those designed to ensure a better gender balance in membership of all United Nations bodies, including the Main Committees of the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and expert bodies, including treaty bodies, and in appointments to independent working groups or as country or special rapporteurs.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1997
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Core obligations of States parties under article 2 2010, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- The Committee considers article 2 to be the very essence of the obligations of States parties under the Convention. The Committee therefore considers reservations to article 2 or to subparagraphs of article 2 to be, in principle, incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention and thus impermissible under article 28, paragraph 2. States parties that have entered reservations to article 2 or to subparagraphs of article 2 should explain the practical effect of those reservations on the implementation of the Convention and should indicate the steps taken to keep the reservations under review, with the goal of withdrawing them as soon as possible.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 73a
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Provide all relevant front-line professionals with information on harmful practices and applicable human rights norms and standards and ensure that they are adequately trained to prevent, identify and respond to incidents of harmful practices, including mitigating negative effects for victims and helping them to gain access to remedies and appropriate services;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 87c
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Develop and implement capacity-building programmes on their role in protection for judicial officers, including judges, lawyers, prosecutors and all relevant stakeholders, on legislation prohibiting discrimination and on applying laws in a gender-sensitive and age-sensitive manner in conformity with the Conventions;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Effective national machinery and publicity 1988, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- [Recommends that States parties:] Include in their initial and periodic reports the action taken in respect of this recommendation.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1988
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Effective national machinery and publicity 1988, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- [Recommends that States parties:] Seek the assistance of the Secretary-General and the Department of Public Information in providing translations of the Convention and the reports of the Committee;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1988
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Reservations to the Convention 1992, para. 2a
- Paragraph text
- [The Committee recommended that, in connection with preparations for the World Conference on Human Rights in 1993, States parties should:] Raise the question of the validity and the legal effect of reservations to the Convention in the context of reservations to other human rights treaties;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1992
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Reservations to the Convention 1992, para. 2b
- Paragraph text
- [The Committee recommended that, in connection with preparations for the World Conference on Human Rights in 1993, States parties should:] Reconsider such reservations with a view to strengthening the implementation of all human rights treaties;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1992
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Political and public life 1997, para. 47g
- Paragraph text
- [When reporting under article 7, States parties should:] Analyse the extent to which the State party ensures that those organizations are consulted and the impact of their advice on all levels of government policy formulation and implementation;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1997
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Temporary special measures 2004, para. 25
- Paragraph text
- Reports of States parties should include information on the adoption, or lack thereof, of temporary special measures in accordance with article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention, and States parties should preferably adhere to the terminology "temporary special measures", to avoid confusion.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2004
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Core obligations of States parties under article 2 2010, para. 38d
- Paragraph text
- [States parties should also adopt other appropriate measures of implementation such as:] Undertaking specific education and training programmes about the principles and provisions of the Convention directed to all Government agencies, public officials and, in particular, the legal profession and the judiciary;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Amending article 20 of the Convention 1995, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- Recommends also that the General Assembly, pending the completion of an amendment process, authorize the Committee to meet exceptionally in 1996 for two sessions, each of three weeks' duration and each being preceded by pre-session working groups;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 1995
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Core obligations of States parties under article 2 2010, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- Effective implementation of the Convention requires that a State party be accountable to its citizens and other members of its community at both the national and international levels. In order for this accountability function to work effectively, appropriate mechanisms and institutions must be put in place.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 81a
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Develop and adopt comprehensive awareness-raising programmes to challenge and change cultural and social attitudes, traditions and customs that underlie forms of behaviour that perpetuate harmful practices;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Harmful practices (joint General Recommendation with CRC) 2014, para. 81d
- Paragraph text
- [The Committees recommend that the States parties to the Conventions:] Ensure that awareness-raising programmes targeting State structures engage decision makers and all relevant programmatic staff and key professionals working within local and national government and government agencies;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph