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Equality of opportunity in education 2011, para. 72h
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur puts forward the following recommendations for the promotion of equal opportunities in education on the basis of a human rights framework:] Strengthen collaboration with academic institutions and civil society organizations: Fostering inclusive education implies active engagement of civil society. The intellectual community and the civil society play a central role in promoting better understanding of inequalities in education. The advocacy work of these stakeholders is vital to ensuring widespread attention to issues for ensuring equality of opportunity in education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Normative action for quality education 2012, para. 88c
- Paragraph text
- [Widespread concerns on quality in education call for strengthening national legal frameworks with a view to establishing and reinforcing standards for quality in education. To that end, the Special Rapporteur would like to make the following recommendations:] Implement quality assessments with a promotional spirit: • Quality assessments should be driven by a promotional spirit, with emphasis on creating equitable educational and learning opportunities for all, rather than further marginalizing poorly endowed schools in remote areas. Based on the findings of national-level assessments of students’ performance, States should support those regions and schools which perform poorly and are falling behind, in an endeavor to promote more equitable education systems. Affirmative action and positive measures should be stepped up to enable all those who are victims of social exclusion and poverty to enjoy their right to quality education;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 82a
- Paragraph text
- [Bearing in mind the key importance of the justiciability of the right to education and its enforcement, and with a view to fostering protective as well as promotional role of adjudication mechanisms, the Special Rapporteur would like to offer the following recommendations:] States must fully assume their obligation to respect, protect and fulfil the right to education. Their first obligation in this regard is to give effect to the right in their domestic legal order, and ensure its effective enforcement in case of violation through national, regional and international judicial and quasi-judicial mechanisms. Individuals as beneficiaries of the right to education, as defined in national legislation and as contained in international law, must be able to have legal recourse against its violations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Privatization and the right to education 2014, para. 98
- Paragraph text
- Education is a fundamental human right and a core obligation of States. The principal responsibility for the direct provision of education lies with Governments. However, there has been tremendous growth in private providers of education. Taking advantage of explosive demands on education and of insufficient public schools, privatization is making inroads in education at all levels. It often flourishes, with scant control by public authorities. This can have a crippling effect on the fundamental principle of equality of opportunity in education. Privatization often excludes marginalized groups, who are unable to pay, undermining the right of universal access to education. Some private providers inadequately respect the quality of education and undermine the status of teachers.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Assessment of the educational attainment of students 2014, para. 93
- Paragraph text
- Regarding the development of the capacity of the teaching profession for the holistic assessment of basic education, the Special Rapporteur recommends that: Recognizing that teachers play a key role in the implementation of the national curricula and in conducting assessments of the educational attainments of students, Governments should ensure that teachers are provided with the additional training and support to better understand and implement a human rights-based curriculum in an accessible fashion for their students. Novel modalities of teacher training in tandem with reforms in education should be devised to foster quality education and learning.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Assessment of the educational attainment of students 2014, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- In regard to the promotion of studies on national assessments, the Special Rapporteur recommends that: States continue to champion the cause of quality education in the formulation of the post-2015 development agenda. Enhancing educational attainments for the benefit of both the individual and society should be a central concern in any future agenda, with a reinforced commitment by the international community in appreciation of the pivotal role of the right to education for human development.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Protecting education against commercialization 2015, para. 122
- Paragraph text
- Learning from the devastating impact of structural adjustments on education as an essential public service, and in the face of the prevalent market ideology and surging privatization in education, States must expand educational opportunities, recognizing the paramount importance of public investment in education as their essential obligation. Under no circumstances should a State provide financial support to private providers of education or allow private companies to operate multiple schools.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) 2012, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- Education should be central to the notion and concepts of global public goods and the intellectual commons which are increasingly being discussed in international forums. Education benefits both the individual and the society and its sanctity should be safeguarded by avoiding its mercantalization, geared towards commercial gains only. Education should be preserved as a public good so that it does not become devoid of social interest.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Protecting education against commercialization 2015, para. 112
- Paragraph text
- Education benefits both the individual and the society and must be preserved as a public good; social interest in education must be protected against its commercialization. The corrosive impact of privatization on the right to education must receive foremost consideration in education laws and public policies. The commercialization of education should have no place in a country's education system.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Report on the Post-2015 Education Agenda 2013, para. 118
- Paragraph text
- Exploding demands for education have led to an exponential growth of private providers of education. A comprehensive and sound regulatory framework for controlling private educational institutions and ensuring their conformity with norms and standards is required. While preserving public interest in education, a system of effective sanctions in the case of abusive practices by private providers of education must exist.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) 2012, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- The principle of social justice, which is at the core of the global mission of the United Nations to promote development and human dignity, also underpins human rights. Social justice and equity are of perennial importance in terms of foundations not only of EFA but also of technical and vocational education and training-based approaches to poverty reduction strategies and the role of technical and vocational education and training in the context of the Millennium Development Goals. They are invaluable for bridging the widening gap between rich and poor and harnessing technical and vocational education and training for the common well-being.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Normative action for quality education 2012, para. 88h
- Paragraph text
- [Widespread concerns on quality in education call for strengthening national legal frameworks with a view to establishing and reinforcing standards for quality in education. To that end, the Special Rapporteur would like to make the following recommendations:] Encourage further debate in international human rights bodies: • In view of the crucial role of quality education in nation-building, further debate on the right to quality education at the global level must be encouraged. The organization of a thematic discussion under the auspices of the Human Rights Council could go a long way in giving impetus to national action for achieving quality education;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Normative action for quality education 2012, para. 88i
- Paragraph text
- [Widespread concerns on quality in education call for strengthening national legal frameworks with a view to establishing and reinforcing standards for quality in education. To that end, the Special Rapporteur would like to make the following recommendations:] Support research and reflection on quality in education: • Further research and reflections on the requirements for quality in education should be promoted by universities and education research centres. Civil society organizations should also contribute to this process by monitoring the situation of education and promoting initiatives that foster quality in education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 82k
- Paragraph text
- [Bearing in mind the key importance of the justiciability of the right to education and its enforcement, and with a view to fostering protective as well as promotional role of adjudication mechanisms, the Special Rapporteur would like to offer the following recommendations:] The United Nations Declaration on the Rule of Law, adopted by the General Assembly on 24 September 2012, emphasized that States should “promote access to justice for all, including legal aid”. To facilitate this, individuals or groups who have been denied the right to education and cannot afford to bring litigation should have access to free legal aid to support their claims. While reducing fees for all rights-based claims in courts to a minimum, States should ensure that applications before quasi-judicial mechanisms are free for complainants. Protection of the right to education of the poor should be central to poverty reduction strategies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 82m
- Paragraph text
- [Bearing in mind the key importance of the justiciability of the right to education and its enforcement, and with a view to fostering protective as well as promotional role of adjudication mechanisms, the Special Rapporteur would like to offer the following recommendations:] Knowledge regarding the means by which violations of the right to education can be adjudicated is often possessed least by those who need it most. Disadvantaged and marginalized groups in society lack resources to engage legal assistance, and are often unaware of quasi-legal mechanisms, such as the individual complaint procedure of the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Lifelong learning and the right to education 2016, para. 103
- Paragraph text
- States should recognize the importance of developing and strengthening the normative framework for lifelong learning, taking into consideration the right to learning as well as the right to education and training. They should also recognize the right to education and learning as a social right and a social responsibility. They should develop a normative framework that reflects the right to education, learning and training. In this respect, consideration should be given to available examples. Moreover, the right to education, learning and training should be developed in its nexus with other rights. Governments should review labour laws so as to make them conducive to operationalizing the right to learning as well as the right to training.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Lifelong learning and the right to education 2016, para. 106
- Paragraph text
- Technical and vocational education and training should be recognized as a linchpin in the concept of lifelong learning and as a font of skills development and professional excellence. Countries should focus on fostering entrepreneurship through an overall lifelong learning framework. States, along with social partners and enterprises, should develop innovative approaches to technical and vocational education and training in order to respond to the diverse aspirations and needs of individuals and societies in a rapidly globalizing world.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) 2012, para. 98
- Paragraph text
- States should provide support to civil society organizations in their role of promoting and monitoring technical and vocational education and training initiatives.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- International, regional and national jurisprudence has demonstrated that the right to education is a legally enforceable right. In case of its violation, it can be protected and enforced through adjudicative mechanisms. These are invaluable for allowing citizens to address violations of their rights in a fair and impartial manner. Its justiciability should be publicly acknowledged, and reaffirmed by governments in the constitution and domestic legislation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 82o
- Paragraph text
- [Bearing in mind the key importance of the justiciability of the right to education and its enforcement, and with a view to fostering protective as well as promotional role of adjudication mechanisms, the Special Rapporteur would like to offer the following recommendations:] The research community, particularly universities, may usefully promote the right to education by publishing research on the application of national and international law on national educational practices.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Privatization and the right to education 2014, para. 107
- Paragraph text
- States have the obligation under human rights law to establish conditions and standards for private education providers and to maintain a transparent and effective system to monitor those standards, with sanctions in case of non adherence. Such monitoring should also include the teaching profession, in accordance with the norms laid down by the UNESCO-ILO recommendation on the status of teachers, which applies to all teachers in private and in public schools.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Protecting education against commercialization 2015, para. 124
- Paragraph text
- Public authorities should not allow the pursuit of material values to the detriment of a humanist mission of education or the propagation by private schools of a value system solely conducive to the market economy, with learning systems devoid of cultural diversity. States must ensure that the education imparted in private schools is in conformity with the objectives of education laid down in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in international human rights conventions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Issues and challenges to the right to education in the digital age 2016, para. 119
- Paragraph text
- States should address issues of access, quality and equity in the use of digital technology in education and ensure that students' right to education is exercised in an equitable manner and that it is fully respected. There is a great risk that technology will widen inequalities in society if an equitable approach to its use is not adopted. State obligations for respecting, protecting and fulfilling the right to education should be a priority concern.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Financing education and update on education in emergencies 2011, para. 93
- Paragraph text
- As discussed in the previous report on education in emergency situations (A/HRC/8/10), severely limited access to education continues to be a reality for most of the communities affected by emergencies. Despite increased attention by the international community, crucial problems persist: funding for humanitarian activities continues to ignore requirements to ensure education; schools continue to be victimized by direct and indirect violence; and preventive efforts are still timid vis-à-vis an increased impact of natural disasters. To reverse the current trend, States and other entities providing and channelling humanitarian and transitional assistance must pay enhanced attention to education in emergencies. Providing education and ensuring that education is protected during periods of emergency is not a choice, but an obligation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Report on the Post-2015 Education Agenda 2013, para. 129
- Paragraph text
- The rights-holders should have the ability to challenge Governments to meet their international obligations when they are not being respected and fulfilled. Access to justice is of foremost importance for getting the rights enforced. The right to education is a justiciable right, and that should be recognized in the future agenda. Governments should, therefore, work towards making their commitments justiciable in their national legal systems, recognizing that they are all founded in international law.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Justiciability of the right to education 2013, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- The application of the above recommendations is aimed at strengthening the laws, institutions and procedures surrounding the justiciability of the right to education. However, it must be recognized that all such measures are for naught if the State refuses to implement the findings and recommendations of courts or quasi-judicial mechanisms. A nation’s development flows from the initial investment not just in a comprehensive education system, but also in the mechanisms and procedures necessary to monitor and safeguard the right to education which is not only a human right in itself but also essential for the exercise of all other human rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Normative action for quality education 2012, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- Poor quality of education constitutes a severe limitation on the fulfillment of the right to education. Quality in education is crucial to “nation-building” and individual empowerment. Thus, considerations on the quality of education should be central to reflections on the steps to be taken in the post-EFA phase, with a focus on innovative and equitable education systems. In this process, a holistic conceptual framework for quality, already outlined, must be embraced.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Report on the Post-2015 Education Agenda 2013, para. 108
- Paragraph text
- In contrast to the Millennium Development Goals, the post-2015 development agenda should create an overarching framework of education which is all-inclusive. A global, rights-based approach should address the entire continuum of education and learning, from early childhood to lifelong learning. It should emphasize State obligations and compliance with norms and standards for the right to education for all for both public and private schools.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Report on the Post-2015 Education Agenda 2013, para. 123
- Paragraph text
- Developing appropriate process and outcome indicators with national targets and benchmarks must be an integral part of all implementation strategies. Measuring, reporting on and ensuring that any future development goals are nationally enforceable will be instrumental in achieving progress. National targets must be equitable and must address measures related to quality, access and learning achievements. International minimum learning standards should be included.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Lifelong learning and the right to education 2016, para. 108
- Paragraph text
- Recognizing the importance of ICTs as support for lifelong learning processes, Governments must foster open education resources that will allow students to draw upon online educational materials. They should work towards developing minimum quality standards. Care should be taken to ensure that technology does not exacerbate inequities or entail abusive practices. Fraudulent practices in online learning and certification must be punishable by law.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
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