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The right to health and international drug control, compulsory treatment for drug dependence and access to controlled medicines 2010, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- Police crackdowns and other interventions associated with criminalization of drug use and possession also result in displacement of drug users from areas serviced by harm-reduction programmes, decreasing their ability to participate in needle and syringe programmes, opioid substitution therapy (OST) and access to outreach workers. Access to emergency assistance in the instance of an overdose also is impeded, and the incidence of overdose may be increased by disrupting access to regular injecting networks and drug suppliers. Those most affected by displacement often are the most marginalized; for instance, the homeless, who cannot necessarily move indoors to use drugs.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Right to health in conflict situations 2013, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- Conflicts often result in displacement of people, within States and across borders. Displaced persons may be deprived of the same rights and underlying determinants as host communities. A large number of displaced persons may be forced to migrate to relief camps that are characterized by dilapidated and overcrowded conditions where basic services are inadequate, contributing to the spread of communicable diseases. Displaced persons may also be forced to migrate to urban slums, which renders them susceptible to vulnerabilities arising not only from a lack of capacity and resources, but also from the unwillingness of the State to address their needs.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Right to health in conflict situations 2013, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- As an aspect of international cooperation and assistance, States should respect, protect and fulfil the right to health of people fleeing from conflict situations. The burden of caring for populations displaced by conflict often falls on States that are least equipped to bear it. In this regard, other States should ensure that they provide appropriate international assistance, including aid, to countries facing an influx of persons displaced by conflict and measures to assist in their resettlement. States should also ensure the availability and accessibility of quality health facilities, goods and services and the underlying determinants of health to such persons, whether or not they are nationals of the State. States should also refrain from policies that violate the right to health such as mandatory detention or deportation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- Some States deport women migrant workers who are found to be pregnant during compulsory medical testing. The women concerned may also be exposed to greater vulnerability in both sending and receiving States because of the stigma attached to pregnancy outside of marriage in many societies. The practice of forced contraceptive injections have been reported during pre-departure in some sending States. Such practices encroach upon rights to privacy, informed consent, confidentiality, dignity and non-discrimination and act as an impediment to seeking assistance from police or health systems.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- Higher abortion rates among migrant workers have been linked to low awareness about and socioeconomic barriers to accessing contraception and family planning services. In countries which permit abortion but which prohibit migrant workers from becoming pregnant, the result is unequal access to legal reproductive health services due to apprehension of job loss and deportation, leading to risky treatment delays and unsafe abortions. Where abortion is criminalized, resort to unsafe abortion is also driven by the threat of criminal prosecution.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- For women who carry a pregnancy to term in receiving States, difficulty accessing obstetric, pre- and post-natal and maternal health-care services and information may result in adverse health outcomes for both the woman and child, including premature birth, low birth weight, congenital malformation and perinatal, infant and maternal mortality. In contrast, it has been found that policies promoting social integration of the migrant community reduce unfavourable pregnancy-related outcomes for migrant women. Extending the 14-weeks maternity leave required under the Maternity Protection Convention or the maternity leave granted to nationals to women migrant workers would assist in making pregnancy-related health care and services accessible and in accordance with the right to health.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 76a
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that sending and receiving States take the following steps in order to realize the right to health of migrant workers:] Institute, for regular and irregular migrant workers, evidence-based and gendered national health policies informed by the right to health framework, in particular non-discrimination and equality. Such policies should extend rights and entitlements - including underlying determinants of health - and redress mechanisms in cases of violation to migrant workers;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 76c
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that sending and receiving States take the following steps in order to realize the right to health of migrant workers:] Encourage collection of disaggregated data by age and gender of all migrant workers, to assess their level of health-related knowledge, health needs and occupational injuries and deaths, including suicide, and accordingly inform policies regarding migrant workers. Such information should be protected by adequate data protection measures to ensure privacy and confidentiality of the data;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 6
- Paragraph text
- The right to health framework is primarily grounded in article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, which recognizes the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of mental and physical health. General comment No. 14 of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights elaborates upon, and interprets, the right to health. It mandates States to respect, protect and fulfil the right to health of everyone, including migrant workers. States are also required to improve the underlying determinants of health - prerequisites for the realization of the right to health - such as education, nutritious food, potable water, adequate sanitation, and safe and healthy work and living conditions. Migration should be seen as an underlying determinant, as the processes of pre-departure and reintegration in sending States, and arrival, stay and integration in receiving States determine health outcomes of migrant workers.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- By mandating that non-discrimination inform all aspects of State policy, the right to health framework does not allow for any distinction between regular and irregular migrant workers on the one hand, and nationals of States, on the other. In this aspect it differs from the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families which allows irregular migrant workers access to health facilities, goods and services only when urgently needed. Non-discrimination requires that socio-economic rights, such as access to health facilities, goods and services, be equally available to nationals and non-nationals, including irregular migrant workers.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- Fulfilling the right to health requires States to adopt and implement an evidence-based national health policy which does not discriminate against non-nationals and addresses the needs of irregular and regular migrant workers, at all stages of the migration process, including pre-departure and return. As an aspect of their right to health obligation, States should ensure availability and accessibility of quality health facilities, goods and services, including existing health insurance schemes, to migrant workers, on the basis of equality with other nationals.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- Each State involved in the migration process should comply with its obligation to respect, protect and fulfil the right to health of all persons within its jurisdiction, including migrant workers. Bilateral agreements and non-binding memoranda of understanding between States are commonly used to govern labour corridors and terms and conditions to be abided by them. The regulatory structure contained in such arrangements should be enforceable and reflect principles of the right to health, especially non-discrimination, empowerment, participation, transparency and accountability of State and non-State actors.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- Accordingly, States should ensure the participation of migrant workers, including irregular migrant workers, in the formulation, implementation, monitoring and enforcement of laws and policies, including in the negotiation of bilateral agreements. As trade unions are considered fundamental in promoting workers rights, including occupational health, regular and irregular migrant workers, should be encouraged to participate in or form unions. Effective participation, especially of irregular workers requires positive measures by States to create an environment in which these groups can participate without fear of sanctions. Access to timely and accurate information is a prerequisite to meaningful participation in health-related decision-making.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- States, including receiving States, should ensure involvement of migrant workers in decision-making processes and awareness-raising strategies, particularly in relation to accessing health services. Participation will also raise awareness among potential migrant workers about issues such as migration stress factors, illegal recruiting practices, their rights in sending and receiving States and obligations of foreign employers. Community participation will assist in making health services culturally and linguistically appropriate for migrant workers. In some States, civil society organizations have successfully involved migrant workers in outreach and referral programmes resulting in culturally and linguistically appropriate information for migrant workers, thus encouraging community-led initiatives.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- Information about costs assumed in the migration process, recruitment agencies, terms and conditions of work in and practical information about receiving States, potential dangers and benefits of migrating to a particular country, risks associated with migration and employment and ways to counter them should be provided before a commitment to migrate has been made. Potential migrant workers should also be made aware about policies of receiving States, such as compulsory health testing, entitlement to and accessing health-care services. Common methods to spread such information have included issuing warnings, publishing a list of licensed and blacklisted agencies on websites and in newspapers and mass media information campaigns.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- Closer to the time of departure, pre-departure orientation sessions are conducted in some countries to prepare migrant workers for their time in the receiving State and to train them for their jobs. During these sessions, migrant workers should be provided with understandable information regarding their rights, health information, such as preventing the transmission of communicable diseases like HIV, and health facilities available in receiving States. Pre-departure training sessions are critical for informing migrant workers about their rights vis-à-vis the receiving State and the employer. Pre-departure sessions should also be used to provide information on recourse mechanisms, such as consular protection, available in the event of abuse, exploitation or other rights violations. States should ensure information is accurate and relevant during pre-departure sessions, including those conducted by private agencies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- Returnee migrant workers along with organizations working with migrant workers should be encouraged to hold training and informational sessions to make outgoing migrant workers aware of situations and experiences they are likely to face in receiving States and recourse available to them in times of abuse, exploitation and distress. However, as pre-departure sessions frequently take place only a short time prior to departure, this does not give migrant workers enough time to process the information. Pre-departure sessions and trainings should, therefore, be designed and conducted in ways that ensure maximum understanding of the information by migrant workers. Post-arrival orientation sessions that reinforce and contextualize information received during pre-departure sessions should also take place to support migrant workers with integration in receiving States.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- States are obligated to protect the right to health of individuals from interference by third parties. Recruitment agencies, which are mostly private enterprises, are typically the first point of contact in the formal migration process for low-skilled migrant workers, many of whom are illiterate and poor. They provide information to migrant workers about job opportunities and living and work conditions in receiving States for a fee. They also arrange documentation necessary for migration, thus playing a crucial role in guiding migrant workers through important phases of migration. Dependence on recruitment agencies may render migrant workers vulnerable to exploitation and abuse, necessitating regulation of recruitment agencies by sending States.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- Many receiving States require migrant workers to undergo compulsory medical testing for certain conditions such as HIV, tuberculosis and pregnancy as part of their immigration policy. Though quite a few countries have eased HIV-related travel restrictions, compulsory testing for HIV for residence and work, especially for low-skilled migrant workers, continues in over 40 countries. This is despite commitment by States to enact legislation eliminating all forms of discrimination against persons living with HIV and recommendations against compulsory tests for migrant workers.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- Furthermore, test results are passed on to employers or recruitment agencies without the migrant worker's consent, breaching the requirement of confidentiality and contrary to international recommendations. Additionally, pre- and post-test counselling protocols may not be followed, even when required by law. A right to health approach, however, requires that counselling, voluntary testing and treatment be treated as a health-care continuum. Migrant workers who test positive for HIV may remain in an irregular situation, making them more vulnerable to abuse by employers and less likely to access medical treatment. In cases of pregnancy, women may resort to risky illegal abortion to avoid deportation. Further, compulsory testing stigmatizes those who are deported based on positive test results.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- Detention centres are often overcrowded, lack basic standards of hygiene, nutritious food and water. They have been described as centres of abuse and violence against migrant workers. Long periods of detention and poor living conditions in detention centres facilitate the transmission of communicable diseases and can have a devastating effect on the mental health of migrant workers. Health-care services in some detention centres are reportedly unavailable, difficult to access and of poor quality, which is particularly concerning for migrant workers detained due to health status. Migrant workers living with HIV have faced stigmatization and harassment as a result of lack of confidentiality in detention. Where States persist with immigration detention, they should, at the minimum, provide detainees with adequate living conditions, consensual medical check-ups and make quality and confidential physical and mental health facilities available and accessible in a timely manner.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- The fear of detention and deportation prevents migrant workers from accessing health care, which may endanger their health and that of the broader population, thereby undermining public health justifications for detention and deportation. Further, employers may misuse laws providing for detention and deportation to exploit migrant workers. Fear of detention and deportation renders migrant workers more vulnerable and unable to enjoy the right to health and its underlying determinants. To fulfil the right to health of migrant workers, States should try to develop alternative detention policies more in line with the right to health. Additionally, without referral for counselling and treatment, deported migrant workers may also face difficulties in accessing health facilities, goods and services upon return to the sending State.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Ensuring the availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health facilities, goods and services on a non-discriminatory basis, especially for vulnerable populations like migrant workers, is a core obligation under the right to health. Non-discrimination requires that regular and irregular migrant workers be equally entitled to freedoms and entitlements available to nationals of States. Access to health care in many receiving States, however, is dictated by restrictive immigration policies and public perceptions of 'non-deserving' migrant workers, particularly those in an irregular situation. In the wake of the global economic crisis and associated austerity measures, States have legislated limitations on previously available health-care benefits for migrant workers. Such limitations are contrary to States' obligation to desist from taking retrogressive measures that impact on health.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- The right to health obligates States to protect migrant workers against non-State parties that restrict their access to health care. Migrant workers are often refused health services, particularly specialized referral services on the basis of income qualification, and sometimes even because of incomplete paperwork. For irregular migrant workers, administrative barriers associated with their uncertain legal status are often an impediment to health care. Additionally, issues such as limited office hours or caps on the number of applications processed, may also act as barriers to access.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- A right to health approach requires States to disseminate culturally appropriate health-related education and information to both regular and irregular migrant workers. Anti-immigrant austerity measures in some States, however, have reduced subsidies for interpretation and translation services in health-care settings. Lack of familiarity with the local language may put migrant workers at a disadvantage, as they may not be able to sufficiently describe symptoms to enable accurate diagnosis and quality treatment. Furthermore, an inability to understand health-related information and education may result in migrant workers unwittingly engaging in risky health behaviours. States should therefore ensure budgetary support for linguistically appropriate health services, interpreters and information and education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- Ensuring continuous access to treatment and medicines on a non-discriminatory basis is crucial to the right to health framework. Migratory processes and pressures can expose migrant workers to increased risk of contracting communicable diseases particularly HIV. There is therefore a need to ensure that continuous treatment is available to these populations throughout the entire process. Treatment interruptions, lack of follow-up and treatment failures are documented at higher rates among migrants than the stationary population. Some States have adopted regional frameworks, such as the Ibero-American Social Security Convention, and bilateral social security agreements to ensure "portability" of social security, including health-care benefits, from sending to receiving States, which allows migrant workers to enjoy such benefits, independent of their immigration status. States are encouraged to adopt such approaches with respect to access to treatment for chronic diseases, such as HIV, in order to maximize adherence rates in both sending and receiving States.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- Occupational health is integral to the right to health. States should ensure that occupational health laws and policies address the unique vulnerabilities of migrant workers in dirty, dangerous and degrading (3D) industries and are implemented, monitored and enforced. The vulnerability of migrant workers in 3D jobs may be further intensified in cases of irregular migrant workers, who, due to their legal status are in a weaker position to negotiate their rights with employers. Furthermore, lax enforcement of laws and mechanisms like sponsorship systems in some countries, encourage exploitative practices. Sponsorship ties a migrant's authorization to work with one specific employer, and in some States, sponsorship gives an employer the power to refuse a migrant worker's request to transfer to another employer - such transfer may be sought due to abusive or unsafe working conditions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- States should ensure relief and remedies for migrant workers injured due to violation of their right to occupational health. However, a lack of coverage under workers' health insurance or compensation schemes has often afflicted migrant workers, particularly irregular migrant workers. Additionally, the preponderance of sub-contracting arrangements in the construction industry denies coverage, which is otherwise available. For severely injured workers, compulsory or voluntary repatriation may mean access to a lower standard of health care and inability to hold duty bearers in receiving States accountable.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- Difficulties commonly experienced by migrant workers in accessing health care are exacerbated for farm workers because of high mobility driven by seasonal work and rural or remote settings. The migrant and community health centre is a successful model for providing physically and economically accessible health care for migrant farm workers. Programmes and services are tailored to a mobile multicultural population by way of outreach clinics, community health workers, patient navigation systems, out-of-hours services and low-literacy education. Participation has been key to the success of such centres, with a requirement that 51 per cent of governing board members be from the community.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- Discrimination and prejudice based on gender, ethnicity and socio-economic status intersect, causing chronic stress and making migrant domestic workers a highly vulnerable and marginalized group. Owing to their vulnerability, isolation and dependence, migrant domestic workers experience a range of violations which negate their enjoyment of the right to health and its underlying determinants. Violations include food and sleep deprivation, denial of medical treatment, squalid living conditions, non-payment of wages, excessive work hours (increasing the risk of accidents) and psychological, physical and sexual abuse. Cardiovascular, endocrine, skin, musculoskeletal, and psychological conditions have also been documented among migrant domestic workers, with worst cases resulting in death, including suicide.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph