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Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 109
- Paragraph text
- Efforts should be undertaken to accurately record the basic details of a child's identity, including the name of the child and her/his parents, details of their residence and community, the date of evacuation, and to whom the child was entrusted for care. Each child should receive a copy of his/her file which should stay on their person and should include travel documents. Each child should have a name tag pinned to his/her clothing which also indicates the name of the child's community of origin. When possible, a photograph of the child should be taken and included in the files. Copies of files should be given to parents, national authorities, the organization responsible for evacuation (if necessary) and a neutral monitoring agency, such as the ICRC's Central Tracing Agency.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Child participation 2012, para. 101e
- Paragraph text
- [A mapping and assessment of child participation must be carried out, in accordance with the relevant principles and standards, with a view to identifying the remaining achievements and gaps. The mapping process must involve all the principal stakeholders in child protection (public and private sectors, national human rights institutions, non-governmental organizations), including children and communities, with a view to ensuring effective and sustainable child participation. If necessary, legislative changes should be introduced to protect and promote child participation rights in order:] To establish and maintain a child-friendly and enabling environment that ensures protection and safety, and to design and implement awareness-raising programmes targeting adults (parents, caregivers, professionals and policymakers) with a view to changing social perceptions and promoting child participation in families, schools, institutions, communities and policymaking spaces;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Child participation 2012, para. 101a
- Paragraph text
- [A mapping and assessment of child participation must be carried out, in accordance with the relevant principles and standards, with a view to identifying the remaining achievements and gaps. The mapping process must involve all the principal stakeholders in child protection (public and private sectors, national human rights institutions, non-governmental organizations), including children and communities, with a view to ensuring effective and sustainable child participation. If necessary, legislative changes should be introduced to protect and promote child participation rights in order:] To establish a legal framework in compliance with international standards: legislation must ensure that children can express their views freely in all matters affecting them, in general terms and in particular settings, such as within the family, education, alternative care, health care, custody and in all judicial and administrative proceedings affecting them;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 88d (v)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur invites all States:] To establish comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes, with a gender perspective, through a full range of laws, policies and services that will: Whenever possible, involve the family in the care, recovery and reintegration process, providing assistance, including psychosocial support and livelihoods, to the family and adopting a strengths-based approach that builds on the children's and families' own resources;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 88d (x)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur invites all States:] To establish comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes, with a gender perspective, through a full range of laws, policies and services that will: Promote partnerships and cooperation in the development of programmes, including awareness-raising and education programmes targeted at families, communities and society at large, to change negative attitudes and address stigma and discrimination against child victims, with the involvement of civil society, the private sector, academic institutions and children;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 119
- Paragraph text
- Children and their families must be made aware of the existence and availability of child-friendly, independent, timely and effective reporting and complaints mechanisms that should be made available without discrimination in child-friendly spaces. This requires the establishment and effective functioning of a networked referral pathway.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 95d
- Paragraph text
- [At the national level] [The Special Rapporteur invites all States to:] Strengthen and invest more in effective national child protection systems, inter alia, by increasing support to vulnerable families, by providing alternative childcare measures in which adoption and in particular intercountry adoption respect the principle of subsidiarity and ensure the best interests of the child and by establishing adequate birth registration mechanisms;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 95g
- Paragraph text
- [At the national level] [The Special Rapporteur invites all States to:] Take particular care in the use of adoption orders to establish a parent-child relationship in cases of international commercial surrogacy, and ensure that the adoption order is consistent with the child's rights and best interests, in order to avoid the illegal adoption of children born through international commercial surrogacy;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 118e
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur invites all States to accelerate efforts towards comprehensive and child rights-centred protection systems, in order to create:] Social protection policies and family strengthening programmes;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 129
- Paragraph text
- In adoption processes, priority should be given to relatives or to individuals within the child's community or culture. International adoption should only be undertaken as a last resort and in compliance with the 1993 Hague Convention on Inter-Country Adoption. Consideration should be given to a ban on removal of unaccompanied and separated children without explicit Government permission, except when undertaken for emergency medical treatment.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 126
- Paragraph text
- [The implementation of such systems relies on the following:] A protective institutional framework: accessible detection and reporting mechanisms and mechanisms for the support and follow-up of children; social services that are accessible to children and families; services for the care, reintegration and follow-up of child victims that meet the standards and norms; proper training for agencies and individuals that deal with children; and efficient inter- and intrasectoral coordination mechanisms;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 124
- Paragraph text
- Family- or community-based interim care should be prioritized. Institutional or residential care should be used only as a short-term measure where other alternatives are not available; however, it should not be excluded if it is determined to be in the best interest of the child under the circumstances.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 95h
- Paragraph text
- [At the national level] [The Special Rapporteur invites all States to:] Establish and implement standardized information systems to obtain and share accurate and reliable data on domestic and intercountry adoptions, on children subject to adoption and on their family and background;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- The above-mentioned motivations for carrying out illegal adoptions often overlapped, as was notably the case in Spain throughout the Franco regime and during the first decades of democracy. Indeed, the practice of illegally adopting children for ideological and religious reasons soon morphed into a profit-driven criminal activity. Thousands of newborn babies were reportedly abducted from their parents by criminal networks involved in large-scale illegal adoptions. Medical personnel and clergy members actively participated in the abduction of children. Newborn babies were abducted from hospitals and subsequently told that their parents had died. The children were then given to other parents following the falsification of documents and, in certain cases, payments.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Infants
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Guatemala presents one of the few examples of investigation and prosecution efforts having been made with the aim of dismantling criminal structures. In 2011, with the support of the United Nations-backed International Commission against Impunity in Guatemala, the Public Prosecutor's Office proved the existence of a criminal structure involved in trafficking in children for the purpose of illegal intercountry adoptions operated by owners of residential facilities with the complicity of lawyers, registrars and judges. Despite the convictions, the case illustrated the difficulties in balancing the conflicting needs and desires of those involved in adoptions (adoptees, adoptive parents and biological parents) and the interests of justice.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- Various countries emerging from conflict or an authoritarian regime have been confronted with allegations of systematic illegal adoptions as part of past large-scale abuses. Few countries have responded to victims' calls for truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence, however, and none have done so in a comprehensive manner. Argentina has pioneered such responses, in particular in relation to enforced disappearances, through truth-seeking and accountability. Genetic tracing and the establishment of a national genetic database have played a key role in identifying disappeared children who were subjected to illegal adoption and in efforts to seek judicial accountability. Moreover, the "disappeared" children, now adults, are stepping forward to uncover their biological origins and some are playing a role in the prosecution of their adoptive parents.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- International commercial surrogacy is a growing phenomenon quickly overtaking the number of intercountry adoptions. The international regulatory vacuum that persists in relation to international commercial surrogacy arrangements leaves children born through this method vulnerable to breaches of their rights, and the practice often amounts to the sale of children and may lead to illegal adoption. Indeed, several countries do not recognize such arrangements and, in order to establish a parent-child relationship, national laws often require parents to legally adopt the child born through international commercial surrogacy. However, if the international commercial surrogacy arrangement is found to amount to the sale of a child, the adoption too will consequently be illegal under international standards. Such a situation underscores the need for States to ensure that they are not inadvertently legitimizing the sale of children born through international commercial surrogacy by granting adoption orders.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- Following the passage of Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar in 2008, the United Nations initiated a Protection of Women and Children Cluster that was jointly chaired by UNICEF and Save the Children. The cluster served as a forum for coordination and planning between the United Nations and NGOs to respond to the needs of child survivors who had lost families and other basic necessities. The response from all agencies was informed and coordinated, resulting in more efficient and effective programmes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- Numerous countries have established child-friendly reporting and complaint mechanisms such as telephone hotline services for reporting children at risk or experiencing exploitation. The Colombian Institute of Family Welfare created a special telephone line operated by forensic psychologists and social workers for reporting cases of child victims of sexual violence that allows victims to be referred to the appropriate services for psychological first aid and counselling by relevant entities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Child participation 2012, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- While the Convention on the Rights of the Child does not explicitly include a right to participation, it contains a cluster of articles considered to be "participation articles". The term "participation" has been adopted by the Committee on the Rights of the Child and the wider child rights community to describe the realization of the rights enshrined in those articles. Article 12 of the Convention states that every child capable of forming views has the right to express those views freely in all matters affecting him or her and that those views must be given due weight in accordance with the child's age and maturity. This is not only a fundamental right, but also a guiding principle of the Convention. Article 5 points out that, when providing direction and guidance in the exercise by children of their rights, parents and other guardians must take into consideration the evolving capacities of children. Articles 13 to 17 further address the child's right to freedom of expression, thought, conscience, religion, association, peaceful assembly, protection of privacy and access to information and material.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- Premised on the understanding that separation is preventable, the Inter-agency guiding principles on unaccompanied and separated children outline specific actions to be taken at the policy and field levels, and address prevention, family tracing and reunification, interim care and long-term solutions. The document also outlines three complementary types of action that are needed to help unaccompanied and separated children, namely, responsive action to prevent, stop and/or alleviate the immediate effects of a specific pattern of abuse; remedial action to restore dignified living conditions through rehabilitation, restitution and reparation; and environment building to create and/or consolidate an environment (political, institutional, legal, social, cultural and economic) that enables full respect for the rights of the child.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- An analysis of the core substantive aspects of the Special Rapporteur's mandate points to a worsening of several manifestations of the sale and sexual exploitation of children. However, the real scope is still unknown due to various factors, such as the inadequacy of some legislation, which does not clearly define all the relevant offences, the absence of reliable data on the extent of the violations and their evolution over time and the lack of transnational information sharing. Moreover, the criminal nature of these activities implies that they are generally hidden. Most children and families do not report cases of abuse and exploitation because of stigma, a fear of reprisals and a lack of trust in the authorities. The social tolerance that can exist with respect to these phenomena and the lack of awareness also contribute to under-reporting. Taking these limitations into consideration, the studies and reports that are available nevertheless provide an overall picture of the phenomenon today.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- CPWG provides practical guidance through its handbooks and toolkits on child protection in emergency situations. A CPWG task force is currently developing a set of minimum standards for child protection in emergencies on issues such as family tracing and reunification, child-friendly spaces and the reintegration of children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Sale of children for the purpose of forced labour 2016, para. (b)
- Paragraph text
- Through the sale, the person receiving the child holds control over the child and the child loses his or her freedom and the possibility of leaving the situation. Consent, of the child or of his or her parent(s) or legal guardian, is irrelevant. The impossibility of leaving the situation may be the result of coercion. The threat may affect the child him or herself, or a third party. Forms of coercion concerning children can be much lighter than those considered for adults and can sometimes be simply the result of dependency, given children's limited agency, greater vulnerability to being influenced and sensitivity to threats;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2016
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- The fact that intercountry adoptions are mediated by private agencies means that they too can enable illegal practices. This is particularly true in respect of private agencies that are not authorized to work as adoption accredited bodies. Such agencies usually finance their operations by charging fees to prospective adoptive parents. As those fees will not be forthcoming unless the agency secures children for adoption, some agencies employ methods or accept conditions that encourage the commission of illegal acts and illicit practices. In some instances, the demand for adoptable children creates an unhealthy competition among agencies. Adoption agencies often claim that they lack knowledge of illicit practices or that they lack control over intermediaries in countries of origin. However, the financial gain behind the illicit practices, which is often linked to money-laundering, often puts such claims into question.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- To coordinate care and support for children and their families, the International Rescue Committee, Save the Children and UNICEF have developed and promoted the use of a standard inter-agency child protection information management system (CPIMS). Although originally designed to facilitate family tracing and reunification, the system was re-designed in 2009 to support all thematic areas of child protection. To date, it has been used in 17 countries.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- It is a widely held belief, reinforced by the fact that it is the victims who are often arrested and put in jail while the exploiters remain free, that the victim is to blame for his/her predicament. A study of tolerance of sexual exploitation of children in selected countries of Latin America was carried out by IPEC. The results, published in 2009, showed that one in four respondents believed that the child victims were themselves responsible for their situation. Families often consider child victims of trafficking to be "tainted" or "unworthy", leading to abandonment and social isolation of the children and exacerbating the loss of a sense of self.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- The subsidiarity principle must be applied in accordance with the Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children, which involves supporting efforts to keep children in, or return them to, the care of their family or, failing that, to find another appropriate and permanent solution, including adoption. While looking for permanent solutions, or in cases where they are not possible or are not in the best interests of the child, the most suitable forms of alternative care have to be found. States also have the duty, as set out in article 18 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, to assist parents and legal guardians in the performance of their child-rearing responsibilities, and to ensure the development of institutions, facilities and services for the care of children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Study on illegal adoptions 2017, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- In all cases of systemic illegal adoptions, States must ensure redress for victims through remedies that include reparation for victims and support to adoptees in their search for their origins. The experiences of adoptees trying to establish the truth behind their "abandonment" and illegal adoption are telling, as are the obstacles they encounter and the good practices of competent authorities. Gradually, efforts are being made to facilitate the search process. For example, an adoption manual has been developed by the adoption service and the Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Republic of Korea, containing information on the steps to be taken searching one's birth family. The search for truth and origins is one of the main issues addressed by associations of intercountry adoptees. Such initiatives are still rare, however.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Harmful Practices
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- Interim care includes foster care (traditional, informal, spontaneous or arranged), guardianship or community-based care. While family-based care should be prioritized, interim care may be the only available possibility. However, many institutions are unregulated and unsafe, leaving children vulnerable to neglect and abuse. As a preventive measure, UNICEF is currently working with the Government of Haiti to register all children in residential care centres in the country.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph