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Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- This includes the "forced or compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflict" (pursuant to Convention No. 182 of the International Labour Organization (ILO) on the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour). The Committee on the Rights of the Child has found that the sale of children for use in armed conflict is covered by this provision of the Optional Protocol. The Committee has also found that the sale of children for use in camel racing can be considered to fall under the prohibition of the sale of children for their engagement in forced labour.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive child protection systems 2011, para. 73f
- Paragraph text
- [With a view to incorporating provisions on preventing the sale of children and the involvement of children in prostitution and pornography into new or existing corporate social responsibility initiatives in the tourism, travel, transportation, agriculture, financial services, communications, media, Internet services, advertising and entertainment sectors, among others, steps should be taken to do the following:] Protect children against child sex tourism by establishing an ethical policy regarding the commercial sexual exploitation of children; training personnel on countries of origin and travel destinations; providing information to travellers in catalogues, brochures, in-flight films and advertisements, websites and on tickets etc.; and providing information to local key persons at destination;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Child participation 2012, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- The Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation, 1999 (No. 190), under the auspices of the International Labour Organization, also states that the programmes of action referred to in the Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour (Convention No. 182) should be designed and implemented in consultation with, and taking into consideration the views of, children directly affected by the worst forms of child labour (para. 2). The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, requires States to provide assistance to enable the views and concerns of victims of trafficking to be presented and considered at appropriate stages of criminal proceedings against offenders (art. 6 (2) (b)).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- Children living and working on the street lack the protective environment to counter potential traffickers and exploiters and may be forced into exploitative situations, including for survival. Girls belonging to gangs can be subject to sexual violence and exploitation by male gang members. Child labourers, particularly girls engaged in domestic work, are vulnerable to exploitation. Child migrants, especially children migrating on their own, are easy prey to traffickers. Furthermore, when migrating to new places, children and families often leave behind social support networks, which provide protection. Children in institutions are also at increased risk. In many countries, institutions are neither registered nor monitored, making children particularly vulnerable to abuse and exploitation without access to a remedy.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- Children living in difficult conditions are likely to be tempted by the prospect of living independently, in a bigger city, and earning money and sending money home. Especially for older children, the search for a better life and economic opportunities can prompt risky choices. They may be more prone to accepting solicitations by brokers and potential employers or to migrating on their own, all of which expose them to trafficking and exploitative situations. Some children may also engage in risky behaviours, such as the consumption of drugs and alcohol and involvement in criminal gangs. Vulnerability is primarily relational. It is highly dependent on the child's situation in a given context, namely, environment, social norms and a variety of possible shocks. An individual child's characteristics only become a source of vulnerability if the child's environment fails to provide a protective framework or contributes to exposing the child to risk.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Older persons
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 101b
- Paragraph text
- [Corporate social responsibility has received increased attention in recognition of the business sector's role in upholding and promoting human rights. In that context, the Children's Rights and Business Principles (2012) developed by UNICEF, the United Nations Global Compact and Save the Children, highlight the double nature of the role of the business sector with regards to children's rights:] The corporate commitment to support children's rights through voluntary actions such as business activities, social investments and philanthropy, advocacy and public policy engagement, and involvement in collective action.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 108
- Paragraph text
- The Financial Coalition against Child Pornography in the United States of America, for example, is an alliance between the public sector and leading banks, credit card companies, electronic payment networks, third party payments companies and Internet service companies, which together representing nearly 90 per cent of the payment industry in the country, aiming to combat child pornography. The model has expanded worldwide. A similar coalition was created in the Asia and Pacific region. In 2012, the European Financial Coalition against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children Online was launched, with support from the European Commission.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- Although CST tends to occur more commonly in developing countries, this phenomenon can occur anywhere in the world and no country or tourism destination is exempt. Between the supply generated by low income countries and the demand from industrialized countries, the choice of the destination depends on languages and connections, but also preferences and tastes. While Western Europeans would tend to travel to Eastern Europe to exploit children, 18 out of 50 (36 per cent) American CST cases between 2003 and 2006 involved crimes committed in Mexico. According to ECPAT, as a result of the closer contact with Western European countries and the increase in tourism, Estonia has had to contend with the major problem of human trafficking to the West and the growing issue of sexual exploitation of children in tourism. Child sex tourists are particularly attracted to places where their activities will go unnoticed and their motives unsuspected, like countries or communities in crisis, and where the risk is small.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- In spite of the lack of detailed data on cases of CST, globalization, increasing social inequalities, vulnerability of children, the lack of a global legal framework prohibiting CST and ensuring extraterritoriality allow the expansion of CST. If abusers relied on travel agents or tour operators to arrange the logistics of their travels in the past, today they can plan and book discretely online. The ever-expanding availability of cheap travel has certainly contributed to the continuous growth of international tourism, which, despite a recession, still grew by 4.6 per cent in 2011. With international tourist arrivals predicted to reach 1.8 billion by 2030 (982 million in 2011) and emerging economies like Africa, Asia and the Pacific tipped to see the strongest growth, the number of tourists with easy access to vulnerable children will certainly increase, thus expanding the risk of children being sexually exploited.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Risk factors linked to the environment include the lack of understanding and respect for human rights (women and children in particular), dependency on international tourism as income source, the high number of vulnerable children and consumerism. These factors create a foundation for this type of abuse. More specific risk factors include the demand (including from locals), existing infrastructure providing sexual services, weakness or insufficiency of national legislation regarding the prohibition and prevention of and the protection of children from all forms of sexual exploitation (including CST). The fact that extraterritoriality is not established, the lack of prosecutions because of corruption and impunity and the low pay and lack of training of police also have a negative impact. The weakness or insufficient regulation and monitoring of travel and tourism, the lack of involvement of tourism and travel services, the fear of HIV/AIDS, weak legal frameworks, implicit social tolerance on the issue and the existence of criminal networks also considerably increase the risks of sexual exploitation of children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- With regard to awareness-raising, tour operators, travel agencies, airlines and other travel and tourism companies have developed information materials to inform their customers that CST is a problem which not only does exist in multiple tourist destinations, but is also illegal and has dire consequences for children. Information materials include travel brochures, ticket-holders, luggage tags, video clips and public service announcements. Recognizing the importance of having informed and skilled human resources to implement prevention and protection initiatives, both travel/tourism companies and law enforcement agencies have also developed specific training programmes on the issue of CST.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- In addition to Governments, the private sector also has legal and moral responsibilities to ensure that child protection becomes fully incorporated into the tourism development agenda. The Global Code of Ethics for Tourism developed by the World Tourism Organization, although not legally binding, provides a comprehensive set of principles for ethical, sustainable and responsible tourism, including specific mention of combating the sexual exploitation of children in tourism, for Governments to adapt into a national regulatory framework for the tourism industry. Bulgaria, for example, has developed a code of ethics for the prevention of trafficking and sexual exploitation of children in tourism.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- With the mainstreaming of responsible and sustainable tourism and corporate social responsibility, companies have realized the importance of their role in protecting children from CST. Organizations such as the International Hotel and Restaurant Association or the International Association of Travel and Tourism Professionals have made public declarations condemning sexual exploitation of children in tourism and promoting action by NGOs and travel companies to ensure that tourists are not involved in such exploitation. Additional public declarations have been made by the International Air Transport Association, the Federation of International Youth Travel Organizations and the Group of National Tour Operators' Associations within the European Union.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Most significant, however, in the area of CSR has been the development of the Code of Conduct for the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation in Travel and Tourism, an industry-driven, multi-stakeholder initiative which seeks to increase protection of children from sexual exploitation in travel and tourism. All members of the tourism industry can join the Code and commit themselves to implementing six practical criteria: to establish an ethical policy regarding commercial sexual exploitation of children; to train the personnel in the country of origin and travel destinations; to introduce clauses in contracts with suppliers, stating a common repudiating of sexual exploitation of children; to provide information to travellers by means of awareness materials (catalogues, brochures, in-flight films, ticket-slips, home pages, etc); to provide information to local "key persons" in tourism destinations; and to report annually. The implementation is flexible, depending on the profile, scale of operation, type of company and applicable national legislation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- Given extreme complexity of crimes of child sex tourism, Interpol works closely with other agencies and NGOs in this area. Project Childhood for example brought together Interpol, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and World Vision to address and combat the issue of sexual exploitation and trafficking in the Greater Mekong region. The Project takes a dual approach to fighting the sources of child exploitation in the travel and tourism sectors, working both on prevention and protection by: providing capacity-building of law enforcement agencies, technical assistance responding to key legislative, training and cooperation gaps and needs, raising awareness, promoting tourism alternatives that do not exploit children and supporting victims.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism 2013, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- While many efforts have been made at global and national levels to set standards and develop policies and laws in view of preventing and combating child sexual exploitation in travel and tourism, challenges still remain due to: the lack of available data; the legal gaps persisting in many countries and legal disparities between countries; insufficient awareness-raising and training; the weakness of child-sensitive complaint mechanism, care and protection services owing partly to scarce resources and duly trained staff; the weak consideration of children's inputs and participation; the insufficiency of transnational cooperation facilitating the sharing of information and technical expertise; the lack of prosecution of offenders and of extraterritorial jurisdiction; and the lack of cooperation from some business operators.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive prevention strategies against sale and sexual exploitation of children 2013, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- The sale and sexual exploitation of children are largely demand driven. Demand creates the conditions for exploitation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- Moreover, child sexual exploitation is a very lucrative industry, allegedly a source of billions of dollars of profit.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- The fact is that, to some extent, street children are present in all the world's cities, including the largest and richest cities in the industrialized world.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- While some aspects of globalization can bring advantages, the increased integration of a country into the global economy can also facilitate transnational organized crime. The International Monetary Fund has underlined the fact that global financial flows have continued to increase since 2000, making countries increasingly integrated. Transnational criminal networks use the tools offered by globalization for registration and financial transactions, to develop lucrative activities involving the sex industry and thus creating new risks for the sexual exploitation of children. As global integration continues to grow and new payment tools develop, the use by criminals of the possibilities globalization offers, including for the sale and sexual exploitation of children, will remain a central preoccupation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Comprehensive, rights-based and child-centred care, recovery and reintegration programmes 2015, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- Although vocational training is often provided, a number of problems have been highlighted in this area. For example, such training is rarely tailored to the local labour market; children who wish to start their own business often find that start-up kits or funds are not available; training is frequently not completed and is often of poor quality; the type of training is habitually gender biased and promotes traditional skills that are not always in demand (e.g. hairdressing and tailoring); little support is available to help graduates find a job on completion of their training; training is sometimes treated as therapy or an activity to entertain children; and it is often aimed at young people without considering the potential for involving other members in the family. Additional barriers that may impact on a child's ability to secure a livelihood include the inability to legally register a business or access credit when identity papers or residence permits are lacking, stigmatization by customers or employers and difficulties in finding childcare.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Information and communication technologies and the sale and sexual exploitation of children 2015, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- It is estimated that on average one third of children have had access to the Internet in the past five years, although that figure masks those countries where child use of Internet is almost universal. In Europe, 70 per cent of children aged 6-17 used the Internet regularly, with some variations among countries. In Africa, for the vast majority of children, access is not at home or school but through a cybercafé, although mobile technologies are leading to a change in African use of the Internet. Estimates from the Asian region show a wider discrepancy among countries, with Malaysia as an example of a developing economy where the use of new technologies is increasing and China having one of the highest growth rates of technology in the world. In Latin America, there is similar discrepancy, which replicates the different economic development of the countries. In general, the youth are leading the emergence of the use of new technologies in developing economies; therefore they are more likely to be leading the way to Internet usage.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Youth
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Information and communication technologies and the sale and sexual exploitation of children 2015, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- New technologies have revolutionized the way child pornography is created and traded. On the Internet, collections of child abuse material can contain millions of images. In addition, there has been a shift in the way material is traded, moving away from the web to peer-to-peer networks, which facilitates evading filtering and other detection software, therefore reducing risk to those seeking and distributing child pornography. Online virtual currencies also allow measures taken by the financial industry to combat commercial online child sexual exploitation to be evaded, as they are often subject to less transparency. The Internet also allows for anonymous payment methods which render even more difficult to trace the purchaser of exploitative material.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Information and communication technologies and the sale and sexual exploitation of children 2015, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Article 2 (b) of the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography defines child prostitution as the use of a child in sexual activities for remuneration or any other form of consideration. The consideration need not be financial but could include other forms of payment, such as benefits in kind, including accommodation or drugs. The definition covers payment given to the child and the controlling adult. Article 3, paragraph 1 (b), of the Optional Protocol requires that States criminalize the offering, obtaining, procuring or providing a child for child prostitution, which covers most of the supply aspects of child prostitution.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Information and communication technologies and the sale and sexual exploitation of children 2015, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- The Internet facilitates the sale of children in numerous ways. The trade in organs is a global phenomenon worth US$75 million per year. New technologies facilitate the secrecy in that illegal trade, making it difficult to identify the number of cases, including cases of sale of children for the purpose of transfer of organs. In cases of sale for the purposes of child labour, the Internet may be used to identify job opportunities or facilitate communication between traffickers. Deceit through advertising jobs is also a concern in cases of sale for sexual exploitation, where job opportunities in hospitality or domestic service may constitute covers for forced servitude, including sexual servitude.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Information and communication technologies and the sale and sexual exploitation of children 2015, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- States need to adopt adequate national legislation to effectively combat the sale and sexual exploitation of children which is committed or facilitated through new technologies. States should criminalize those activities through the ratification and domestication of relevant international instruments, in particular the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography; the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing it; the International Labour Organization Convention No. 182 (1999) concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour; and the Convention on Protection of Children and Cooperation in respect of Intercountry Adoption.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Information and communication technologies and the sale and sexual exploitation of children 2015, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- Initiatives seeking to strengthen corporate social responsibility have developed considerably, building concurrently on the private sector's voluntary efforts to take action. Industry has a long tradition of working with key child protection partners. Those partners make considerable financial contributions to combating child exploitation and provide technical expertise to supplement law enforcement. In coming years, efforts should focus on the consolidation of successful initiatives and good practices which are compliant with international standards, including the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (contained in A/HRC/17/31, annex).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Information and communication technologies and the sale and sexual exploitation of children 2015, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- Financial institutions have adopted more coordinated approaches. In 2006, the Financial Coalition against Child Pornography was established in the United States, which is a coalition of the major banks and financial clearing houses. They were brought together by the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children and the International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children with a shared commitment to fight child pornography by blocking the commercial element. It currently covers 90 per cent of the United States financial industry. Since its inception there has been a 50 per cent reduction in commercial websites reported to the National Center, demonstrating significant impact.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sale of children for the purpose of forced labour 2016, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- The methodology of the study consisted of a comprehensive desk review of recent studies, academic research, policy documents and legislation. It also benefited from contributions by international experts and relevant international organizations. Most of the literature concentrates on various forms of exploitation that are similar to, yet slightly different from, the focus of the study. Consequently, identifying situations where children have been sold for the purpose of forced labour has required examining a set of elements and inferring that criteria to characterize the situation as such have been met.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sale of children for the purpose of forced labour 2016, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- Conceptual clarity in relation to the sale of children for the purpose of forced labour presents particular challenges. The resolutions creating and renewing the mandate and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography do not provide a definition of the crime. While many concepts, such as the worst forms of child labour, child trafficking and slavery and slavery-like practices, may encompass similar realities, they also feature significant differences. It is therefore essential to define adequately the sale of children for the purpose of forced labour, in order to avoid legal loopholes and protection gaps, and ensure the design and implementation of strategies that address the specific root causes, factors of vulnerability, mechanisms and manifestations of the sale of children for the purpose of forced labour. The ultimate goal is to ensure that the rights violated are fully justiciable and that victims can find effective remedy and redress.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph