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Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- If a Contracting State has two or more territorial units in which different systems of law are applicable in relation to matters dealt with in this Convention, it may at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession declare that this Convention shall extend to all its territorial units or only to one or more of them and may modify this declaration by submitting another declaration at any time. Any such declaration shall be notified to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and shall state expressly the territorial units to which the Convention applies.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- N.A.
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- The objects of the present Convention are: a) to secure the prompt return of children wrongfully removed to or retained in any Contracting State; and b) to ensure that rights of custody and of access under the law of one Contracting State are effectively respected in the other Contracting States.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- The Convention shall apply to any child who was habitually resident in a Contracting State immediately before any breach of custody or access rights. The Convention shall cease to apply when the child attains the age of 16 years.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- This Convention shall take priority in matters within its scope over the Convention of 5 October 1961 concerning the powers of authorities and the law applicable in respect of the protection of minors, as between Parties to both Conventions. Otherwise the present Convention shall not restrict the application of an international instrument in force between the State of origin and the State addressed or other law of the State addressed for the purposes of obtaining the return of a child who has been wrongfully removed or retained or of organising access rights.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention 1999, para. 7. (2) (b)
- Paragraph text
- [Each Member shall, taking into account the importance of education in eliminating child labour, take effective and time-bound measures to:] (b) provide the necessary and appropriate direct assistance for the removal of children from the worst forms of child labour and for their rehabilitation and social integration;
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- The Convention shall be open for signature by the States which were Members of the Hague Conference on Private International Law at the time of its Fourteenth Session. It shall be ratified, accepted or approved and the instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- This Convention shall apply as between Contracting States only to wrongful removals or retentions occurring after its entry into force in those States. Where a declaration has been made under Article 39 or 40, the reference in the preceding paragraph to a Contracting State shall be taken to refer to the territorial unit or units in relation to which this Convention applies.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- No security, bond or deposit, however described, shall be required to guarantee the payment of costs and expenses in the judicial or administrative proceedings falling within the scope of this Convention.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Nothing in this Convention shall prevent two or more Contracting States, in order to limit the restrictions to which the return of the child may be subject, from agreeing among themselves to derogate from any provisions of this Convention which may imply such a restriction.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- For the purposes of this Convention: a) "rights of custody" shall include rights relating to the care of the person of the child and, in particular, the right to determine the child's place of residence; b) "rights of access" shall include the right to take a child for a limited period of time to a place other than the child's habitual residence.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Any person, institution or other body claiming that a child has been removed or retained in breach of custody rights may apply either to the Central Authority of the child's habitual residence or to the Central Authority of any other Contracting State for assistance in securing the return of the child. The application shall contain: a) information concerning the identity of the applicant, of the child and of the person alleged to have removed or retained the child; b) where available, the date of birth of the child; c) the grounds on which the applicant's claim for return of the child is based; d) all available information relating to the whereabouts of the child and the identity of the person with whom the child is presumed to be. The application may be accompanied or supplemented by: e) an authenticated copy of any relevant decision or agreement; f) a certificate or an affidavit emanating from a Central Authority, or other competent authority of the State of the child's habitual residence, or from a qualified person, concerning the relevant law of that State; g) any other relevant document.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Any application, communication or other document sent to the Central Authority of the requested State shall be in the original language, and shall be accompanied by a translation into the official language or one of the official languages of the requested State or, where that is not feasible, a translation into French or English. However, a Contracting State may, by making a reservation in accordance with Article 42, object to the use of either French or English, but not both, in any application, communication or other document sent to its Central Authority.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- The removal or the retention of a child is to be considered wrongful where: a) it is in breach of rights of custody attributed to a person, an institution or any other body, either jointly or alone, under the law of the State in which the child was habitually resident immediately before the removal or retention; and b) at the time of removal or retention those rights were actually exercised, either jointly or alone, or would have been so exercised but for the removal or retention. The rights of custody mentioned in sub-paragraph a) above, may arise in particular by operation of law or by reason of a judicial or administrative decision, or by reason of an agreement having legal effect under the law of that State.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- After receiving notice of a wrongful removal or retention of a child in the sense of Article 3, the judicial or administrative authorities of the Contracting State to which the child has been removed or in which it has been retained shall not decide on the merits of rights of custody until it has been determined that the child is not to be returned under this Convention or unless an application under this Convention is not lodged within a reasonable time following receipt of the notice.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Any State may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, declare that the Convention shall extend to all the territories for the international relations of which it is responsible, or to one or more of them. Such a declaration shall take effect at the time the Convention enters into force for that State. Such declaration, as well as any subsequent extension, shall be notified to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- The sole fact that a decision relating to custody has been given in or is entitled to recognition in the requested State shall not be a ground for refusing to return a child under this Convention, but the judicial or administrative authorities of the requested State may take account of the reasons for that decision in applying this Convention.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Nationals of the Contracting States and persons who are habitually resident within those States shall be entitled in matters concerned with the application of this Convention to legal aid and advice in any other Contracting State on the same conditions as if they themselves were nationals of and habitually resident in that State.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- A Contracting State shall designate a Central Authority to discharge the duties which are imposed by the Convention upon such authorities. Federal States, States with more than one system of law or States having autonomous territorial organisations shall be free to appoint more than one Central Authority and to specify the territorial extent of their powers. Where a State has appointed more than one Central Authority, it shall designate the Central Authority to which applications may be addressed for transmission to the appropriate Central Authority within that State.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- The Convention shall remain in force for five years from the date of its entry into force in accordance with the first paragraph of Article 43 even for States which subsequently have ratified, accepted, approved it or acceded to it. If there has been no denunciation, it shall be renewed tacitly every five years. Any denunciation shall be notified to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands at least six months before the expiry of the five year period. It may be limited to certain of the territories or territorial units to which the Convention applies. The denunciation shall have effect only as regards the State which has notified it. The Convention shall remain in force for the other Contracting States.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Where a Contracting State has a system of government under which executive, judicial and legislative powers are distributed between central and other authorities within that State, its signature or ratification, acceptance or approval of, or accession to this Convention, or its making of any declaration in terms of Article 40 shall carry no implication as to the internal distribution of powers within that State.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- In relation to a State which in matters of custody of children has two or more systems of law applicable to different categories of persons, any reference to the law of that State shall be construed as referring to the legal system specified by the law of that State.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- A State within which different territorial units have their own rules of law in respect of custody of children shall not be bound to apply this Convention where a State with a unified system of law would not be bound to do so.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention 1999, para. 3 (b)
- Paragraph text
- [For the purposes of this Convention, the term the worst forms of child labour comprises:] (b) the use, procuring or offering of a child for prostitution, for the production of pornography or for pornographic performances;
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention 1999, para. 3 (d)
- Paragraph text
- [For the purposes of this Convention, the term the worst forms of child labour comprises:] (d) work which, by its nature or the circumstances in which it is carried out, is likely to harm the health, safety or morals of children.
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Where a child has been wrongfully removed or retained in terms of Article 3 and, at the date of the commencement of the proceedings before the judicial or administrative authority of the Contracting State where the child is, a period of less than one year has elapsed from the date of the wrongful removal or retention, the authority concerned shall order the return of the child forthwith. The judicial or administrative authority, even where the proceedings have been commenced after the expiration of the period of one year referred to in the preceding paragraph, shall also order the return of the child, unless it is demonstrated that the child is now settled in its new environment. Where the judicial or administrative authority in the requested State has reason to believe that the child has been taken to another State, it may stay the proceedings or dismiss the application for the return of the child.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction 1980, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- No legalisation or similar formality may be required in the context of this Convention.
- Body
- Hague Conference on Private International Law
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1980
Paragraph
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention 1999, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- Recalling that some of the worst forms of child labour are covered by other international instruments, in particular the Forced Labour Convention, 1930, and the United Nations Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, 1956, and
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention 1999, para. 3 (a)
- Paragraph text
- [For the purposes of this Convention, the term the worst forms of child labour comprises:] (a) all forms of slavery or practices similar to slavery, such as the sale and trafficking of children, debt bondage and serfdom and forced or compulsory labour, including forced or compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflict;
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention 1999, para. 3 (c)
- Paragraph text
- [For the purposes of this Convention, the term the worst forms of child labour comprises:] (c) the use, procuring or offering of a child for illicit activities, in particular for the production and trafficking of drugs as defined in the relevant international treaties;
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse 2007, para. 1b
- Paragraph text
- 1 Each Party shall take the necessary legislative or other measures to ensure that a legal person can be held liable for an offence established in accordance with this Convention, committed for its benefit by any natural person, acting either individually or as part of an organ of the legal person, who has a leading position within the legal person, based on: (b) an authority to take decisions on behalf of the legal person;
- Body
- Council of Europe
- Document type
- Regional treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2007
Paragraph