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Equal Remuneration Convention 1951, para. 1 (b)
- Paragraph text
- [For the purpose of this Convention] (b) the term equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value refers to rates of remuneration established without discrimination based on sex.
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1951
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Equal Remuneration Convention 1951, para. 2. (2) (a)
- Paragraph text
- [The principle of equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value] may be applied by means of] (a) national laws or regulations;
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1951
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Equal Remuneration Convention 1951, para. 2. (2) (b)
- Paragraph text
- [The principle of equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value] may be applied by means of] (b) legally established or recognised machinery for wage determination;
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1951
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Equal Remuneration Convention 1951, para. 2. (2) (c)
- Paragraph text
- [The principle of equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value] may be applied by means of] (c) collective agreements between employers and workers; or
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1951
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Equal Remuneration Convention 1951, para. 2. (2) (d)
- Paragraph text
- [The principle of equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value] may be applied by means of] (d) a combination of these various means.
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1951
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CRPD - Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006, para. 2b
- Paragraph text
- [2. States Parties recognize the right of persons with disabilities to social protection and to the enjoyment of that right without discrimination on the basis of disability, and shall take appropriate steps to safeguard and promote the realization of this right, including measures:] (b) To ensure access by persons with disabilities, in particular women and girls with disabilities and older persons with disabilities, to social protection programmes and poverty reduction programmes;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Older persons
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2006
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art 25. Prisoners of war shall be quartered under conditions as favourable as those for the forces of the Detaining Power who are billeted in the same area. The said conditions shall make allowance for the habits and customs of the prisoners and shall in no case be prejudicial to their health. The foregoing provisions shall apply in particular to the dormitories of prisoners of war as regards both total surface and minimum cubic space, and the general installations, bedding and blankets. The premises provided for the use of prisoners of war individually or collectively, shall be entirely protected from dampness and adequately heated and lighted, in particular between dusk and lights out. All precautions must be taken against the danger of fire. In any camps in which women prisoners of war, as well as men, are accommodated, separate dormitories shall be provided for them.
- Body
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 1949
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art 29. The Detaining Power shall be bound to take all sanitary measures necessary to ensure the cleanliness and healthfulness of camps and to prevent epidemics. Prisoners of war shall have for their use, day and night, conveniences which conform to the rules of hygiene and are maintained in a constant state of cleanliness. In any camps in which women prisoners of war are accommodated, separate conveniences shall be provided for them. Also, apart from the baths and showers with which the camps shall be furnished prisoners of war shall be provided with sufficient water and soap for their personal toilet and for washing their personal laundry; the necessary installations, facilities and time shall be granted them for that purpose.
- Body
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1949
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art 97. Prisoners of war shall not in any case be transferred to penitentiary establishments (prisons, penitentiaries, convict prisons, etc.) to undergo disciplinary punishment therein. All premises in which disciplinary punishments are undergone shall conform to the sanitary requirements set forth in Article 25. A prisoner of war undergoing punishment shall be enabled to keep himself in a state of cleanliness, in conformity with Article 29. Officers and persons of equivalent status shall not be lodged in the same quarters as non-commissioned officers or men. Women prisoners of war undergoing disciplinary punishment shall be confined in separate quarters from male prisoners of war and shall be under the immediate supervision of women.
- Body
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 1949
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art. 27. Protected persons are entitled, in all circumstances, to respect for their persons, their honour, their family rights, their religious convictions and practices, and their manners and customs. They shall at all times be humanely treated, and shall be protected especially against all acts of violence or threats thereof and against insults and public curiosity. Women shall be especially protected against any attack on their honour, in particular against rape, enforced prostitution, or any form of indecent assault. Without prejudice to the provisions relating to their state of health, age and sex, all protected persons shall be treated with the same consideration by the Party to the conflict in whose power they are, without any adverse distinction based, in particular, on race, religion or political opinion. However, the Parties to the conflict may take such measures of control and security in regard to protected persons as may be necessary as a result of the war.
- Body
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 1949
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art. 76. Protected persons accused of offences shall be detained in the occupied country, and if convicted they shall serve their sentences therein. They shall, if possible, be separated from other detainees and shall enjoy conditions of food and hygiene which will be sufficient to keep them in good health, and which will be at least equal to those obtaining in prisons in the occupied country. They shall receive the medical attention required by their state of health. They shall also have the right to receive any spiritual assistance which they may require. Women shall be confined in separate quarters and shall be under the direct supervision of women. Proper regard shall be paid to the special treatment due to minors. Protected persons who are detained shall have the right to be visited by delegates of the Protecting Power and of the International Committee of the Red Cross, in accordance with the provisions of Article 143. Such persons shall have the right to receive at least one relief parcel monthly.
- Body
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 1949
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 1949, para. undefined
- Paragraph text
- Art. 124. Internees shall not in any case be transferred to penitentiary establishments (prisons, penitentiaries, convict prisons, etc.) to undergo disciplinary punishment therein. The premises in which disciplinary punishments are undergone shall conform to sanitary requirements: they shall in particular be provided with adequate bedding. Internees undergoing punishment shall be enabled to keep themselves in a state of cleanliness. Women internees undergoing disciplinary punishment shall be confined in separate quarters from male internees and shall be under the immediate supervision of women.
- Body
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 1949
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
ICCPR - International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966, para. 2
- Paragraph text
- 2. The right of men and women of marriageable age to marry and to found a family shall be recognized.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1966
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
ICESCR - International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 1966, para. a (i)
- Paragraph text
- [The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone to the enjoyment of just and favourable conditions of work which ensure, in particular:] (a) Remuneration which provides all workers, as a minimum, with: (i) Fair wages and equal remuneration for work of equal value without distinction of any kind, in particular women being guaranteed conditions of work not inferior to those enjoyed by men, with equal pay for equal work;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1966
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. b
- Paragraph text
- The Convention was the culmination of more than thirty years of work by the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women, a body established in 1946 to monitor the situation of women and to promote women's rights. The Commission's work has been instrumental in bringing to light all the areas in which women are denied equality with men. These efforts for the advancement of women have resulted in several declarations and conventions, of which the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women is the central and most comprehensive document.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. c
- Paragraph text
- Among the international human rights treaties, the Convention takes an important place in bringing the female half of humanity into the focus of human rights concerns. The spirit of the Convention is rooted in the goals of the United Nations: to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women. The present document spells out the meaning of equality and how it can be achieved. In so doing, the Convention establishes not only an international bill of rights for women, but also an agenda for action by countries to guarantee the enjoyment of those rights.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. d
- Paragraph text
- In its preamble, the Convention explicitly acknowledges that "extensive discrimination against women continues to exist", and emphasizes that such discrimination "violates the principles of equality of rights and respect for human dignity". As defined in article 1, discrimination is understood as "any distinction, exclusion or restriction made o.1 the basis of sex...in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field". The Convention gives positive affirmation to the principle of equality by requiring States parties to take "all appropriate measures, including legislation, to ensure the full development and advancement of women, for the purpose of guaranteeing them the exercise and enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms on a basis of equality with men"(article 3).
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. f
- Paragraph text
- The legal status of women receives the broadest attention. Concern over the basic rights of political participation has not diminished since the adoption of the Convention on the Political Rights of Women in 1952. Its provisions, therefore, are restated in article 7 of the present document, whereby women are guaranteed the rights to vote, to hold public office and to exercise public functions. This includes equal rights for women to represent their countries at the international level (article 8). The Convention on the Nationality of Married Women - adopted in 1957 - is integrated under article 9 providing for the statehood of women, irrespective of their marital status. The Convention, thereby, draws attention to the fact that often women's legal status has been linked to marriage, making them dependent on their husband's nationality rather than individuals in their own right. Articles 10, 11 and 13, respectively, affirm women's rights to non-discrimination in education, employment and economic and social activities. These demands are given special emphasis with regard to the situation of rural women, whose particular struggles and vital economic contributions, as noted in article 14, warrant more attention in policy planning. Article 15 asserts the full equality of women in civil and business matters, demanding that all instruments directed at restricting women's legal capacity ''shall be deemed null and void". Finally, in article 16, the Convention returns to the issue of marriage and family relations, asserting the equal rights and obligations of women and men with regard to choice of spouse, parenthood, personal rights and command over property.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. g
- Paragraph text
- Aside from civil rights issues, the Convention also devotes major attention to a most vital concern of women, namely their reproductive rights. The preamble sets the tone by stating that "the role of women in procreation should not be a basis for discrimination". The link between discrimination and women's reproductive role is a matter of recurrent concern in the Convention. For example, it advocates, in article 5, ''a proper understanding of maternity as a social function", demanding fully shared responsibility for child-rearing by both sexes. Accordingly, provisions for maternity protection and child-care are proclaimed as essential rights and are incorporated into all areas of the Convention, whether dealing with employment, family law, health core or education. Society's obligation extends to offering social services, especially child-care facilities, that allow individuals to combine family responsibilities with work and participation in public life. Special measures for maternity protection are recommended and "shall not be considered discriminatory". (article 4). "The Convention also affirms women's right to reproductive choice. Notably, it is the only human rights treaty to mention family planning. States parties are obliged to include advice on family planning in the education process (article l O.h) and to develop family codes that guarantee women's rights "to decide freely and responsibly on the number and spacing of their children and to hove access to the information, education and means to enable them to exercise these rights" (article 16.e).
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. j
- Paragraph text
- At least every four years, the States parties are expected to submit a national report to the Committee, indicating the measures they have adopted to give effect to the provisions of the Convention. During its annual session, the Committee members discuss these reports with the Government representatives and explore with them areas for further action by the specific country. The Committee also makes general recommendations to the States parties on matters concerning the elimination of discrimination against women.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. k
- Paragraph text
- Affirming that the strengthening of international peace and security, the relaxation of international tension, mutual co-operation among all States irrespective of their social and economic systems, general and complete disarmament, in particular nuclear disarmament under strict and effective international control, the affirmation of the principles of justice, equality and mutual benefit in relations among countries and the realization of the right of peoples under alien and colonial domination and foreign occupation to self-determination and independence, as well as respect for national sovereignty and territorial integrity, will promote social progress and development and as a consequence will contribute to the attainment of full equality between men and women,
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. a
- Paragraph text
- States Parties condemn discrimination against women in all its forms, agree to pursue by all appropriate means and without delay a policy of eliminating discrimination against women and, to this end, undertake: (a) To embody the principle of the equality of men and women in their national constitutions or other appropriate legislation if not yet incorporated therein and to ensure, through law and other appropriate means, the practical realization of this principle;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. a
- Paragraph text
- States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in order to ensure to them equal rights with men in the field of education and in particular to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women: (a) The same conditions for career and vocational guidance, for access to studies and for the achievement of diplomas in educational establishments of all categories in rural as well as in urban areas; this equality shall be ensured in pre-school, general, technical, professional and higher technical education, as well as in all types of vocational training;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. c
- Paragraph text
- States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in order to ensure to them equal rights with men in the field of education and in particular to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women: (c) The elimination of any stereotyped concept of the roles of men and women at all levels and in all forms of education by encouraging coeducation and other types of education which will help to achieve this aim and, in particular, by the revision of textbooks and school programmes and the adaptation of teaching methods;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. e
- Paragraph text
- States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in order to ensure to them equal rights with men in the field of education and in particular to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women: (e) The same opportunities for access to programmes of continuing education, including adult and functional literacy programmes, particularly those aimed at reducing, at the earliest possible time, any gap in education existing between men and women;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. 1c
- Paragraph text
- 1. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the field of employment in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, the same rights, in particular: (c) The right to free choice of profession and employment, the right to promotion, job security and all benefits and conditions of service and the right to receive vocational training and retraining, including apprenticeships, advanced vocational training and recurrent training;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. 2c
- Paragraph text
- 2. In order to prevent discrimination against women on the grounds of marriage or maternity and to ensure their effective right to work, States Parties shall take appropriate measures: (c) To encourage the provision of the necessary supporting social services to enable parents to combine family obligations with work responsibilities and participation in public life, in particular through promoting the establishment and development of a network of child-care facilities;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. 2d
- Paragraph text
- [2. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in rural areas in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, that they participate in and benefit from rural development and, in particular, shall ensure to such women the right:] (d) To obtain all types of training and education, formal and non-formal, including that relating to functional literacy, as well as, inter alia, the benefit of all community and extension services, in order to increase their technical proficiency;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. 2g
- Paragraph text
- [2. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in rural areas in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, that they participate in and benefit from rural development and, in particular, shall ensure to such women the right:] (g) To have access to agricultural credit and loans, marketing facilities, appropriate technology and equal treatment in land and agrarian reform as well as in land resettlement schemes;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- 1. States Parties shall accord to women equality with men before the law.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph