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Development and people of African descent 2015, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The Working Group points out that, despite the publication of evidence, there is still insufficient attention paid to the proven contributions of people of African descent to world development. It concludes that the role that people of African descent have played in global development must be recognized both in terms of the contribution that the African continent has historically made to worldwide development, including during the transatlantic slave trade, and the contributions that Africans and the African diaspora have made and continue to make to the contemporary world.
- Body
- Working Group of experts on people of African descent
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
The impact of housing finance policies on the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty 2012, para. 71g
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from housing policies based on the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In this context, she makes the following recommendations:] States should promote alternatives to housing policies based on private credit and ownership, including through the development of a private rental sector. Adequate legal, financial and tax conditions should be created in order to encourage the supply of social rental housing as well as other forms of collective and individual tenure;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Financialization of housing and the right to adequate housing 2017, para. 77d
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur suggests that the way forward requires a shift to take hold so that States ensure that all investment in housing recognizes its social function and States' human rights obligations in that regard. That requires a transformation of the relationship between the State and the financial sector, whereby human rights implementation becomes the overriding goal, not a subsidiary or neglected obligation. The Special Rapporteur believes that can be achieved with more constructive engagement and dialogue between States, human rights actors, international and domestic financial regulatory bodies, private equity firms and major investors. In order to create those new conversations and achieve that shift, the Special Rapporteur recommends the following:] Business and human rights guidelines should, on a priority basis, be developed specifically for financial actors operating in the housing system;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- In several countries, the crises have demonstrated a clear need to maximize means of harnessing resources specifically for the realization of economic, social and cultural rights. States should identify additional sources of fiscal space to increase resources for social and economic recovery. From an array of options, States should particularly consider widening the tax base, improving the efficiency of tax collection and reprioritizing expenditures. These types of reforms could help States to achieve a more progressive, equitable and sustainable taxation regime while complying with a human rights framework.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2011
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Unpaid care work and women's human rights 2013, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- Improving recognition of unpaid care work also necessitates making the data collected available and accessible, and informing and sensitizing public officials and the general public about the distribution, importance and effects of such work. The data collected should be used to assess the impact of economic and social policies on the intensity and distribution of unpaid care work in the household. It should be used proactively in gender-sensitive policymaking, including budgeting. To this end, it will be necessary to train policymakers and public officials to understand the data, and enhance their capacity to analyse it and use it in policy, programming and budgeting.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Health financing in the context of the right to health 2012, para. 56d
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur urges States to take the following steps in order to ensure adequate funds are available for health:] Ensure tax liberalization policies resulting from international tax competition, including tax abatements for foreign investors and low or non-existent trade and capital gains taxes, do not result in reduced public funding for health;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Eradicating contemporary forms of slavery from supply chains 2015, para. 68b
- Paragraph text
- [Against this backdrop, the Special Rapporteur wishes to make the following recommendations to States:] States should develop, enact and update a national action plan on business and human rights in accordance with the guidance provided by the Working Group on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises. Measures outlined in the national action plan should take full advantage of the leverage home States have in order to effectively prevent, address and redress extraterritorial human rights harms of businesses domiciled in their territory and/or jurisdiction;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Challenges and lessons in combating contemporary forms of slavery 2013, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- A number of stakeholders have begun to take action to combat slavery in its contemporary forms. However, there are key challenges that prevent the reduction of slavery, including legal and policy challenges and institutional and implementation challenges. Among the legal and policy challenges are the absence of legislation in some countries, deficiencies and loopholes in legal frameworks, insufficiently dissuasive sanctions and laws that increase the vulnerability of workers. Institutional and implementation challenges include corruption, government failure to recognize the existence of contemporary slavery, a lack of political will and/or resources, the difficulty of locating and identifying victims, and a failure to adequately protect affected workers and provide sustained programmes for their effective rehabilitation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Human Rights Obligations Related to Non-State Service Provision in Water and Sanitation 2010, para. 63l
- Paragraph text
- [The human rights framework does not call for any particular form of service provision. It is well established that, from a human rights perspective, States can opt to involve non-State actors in sanitation and water services provision. But the State cannot exempt itself from its human rights obligations and hence remains the primary duty-bearer. Therefore, also when involving other actors in services provision, the role of the State is crucial. The obligations of States and the responsibilities of non-State actors are complementary. The latter can and should support the State in the realization of human rights. In line with these conclusions, the independent expert offers the following recommendations:] States must put into place supplementary social policies to ensure inclusiveness, such as safety nets and subsidies. These measures must be well targeted to actually reach those who need it most;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- The assurance programme must require that, during auditing exercises or alternative monitoring mechanisms to assess indicators of labour exploitation, sufficient time be allocated for auditors to interview workers, that any necessary interpretation services be provided, that any arrangements necessary to address gender concerns be made, that interviews be held outside the workplace if possible, and that sufficient time be allocated for document review, management interviews, interviews of other relevant stakeholders, such as local trade unions and communities, and report writing.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 68b (i)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In that context, she makes the following recommendations:] Rental tenure should be encouraged: A well-functioning rental sector with both private renting and social components is critical to a sustainable housing system. States should therefore support and encourage the development of both a private and social rental sector;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Guiding Principles on security of tenure for the urban poor 2014, para. 9c
- Paragraph text
- [Urban poor individuals and communities are essential actors in strengthening tenure security. States should be accountable to the urban poor for the implementation of these guiding principles by, inter alia:] Guaranteeing free, informed and meaningful participation of the urban poor in the design and implementation of measures to secure their tenure status;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Human rights based approach to recovery from the global economic and financial crises, with a focus on those living in poverty 2011, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- The Independent Expert urges G20 countries to give serious thought to the proposal by France to introduce a financial transaction tax, and welcomes the recent decision to commission an inquiry into the feasibility of implementing such a tax. A global consensus on a financial transaction tax would represent an historic decision to prioritize the most disadvantaged and marginalized and be a valuable means of assisting developing countries to meet obligations to ensure the full realization of all economic, social and cultural rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2011
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Multi-stakeholder initiatives should develop and implement capacity-building activities to ensure that all stakeholders, including buyers, suppliers, labour recruiters, workers, civil society organizations and trade unions, especially at the local level, and their relevant partners understand the risks of trafficking in persons and labour exploitation in their activities and in those of their business partners, and should develop measures to be implemented to comply with the standards.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 66c
- Paragraph text
- [Criteria and indicators should be strengthened in accordance with the benchmarks and indicators for ensuring trafficking-free supply chains proposed by the Special Rapporteur (A/HRC/23/48/Add.4, appendix I) and should include at a minimum the following indicators:] No fees or costs for recruitment are charged, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, to the worker, including costs associated with the processing of official documents and work visas;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 99
- Paragraph text
- States should protect workers against human rights abuses perpetrated in the recruitment process by employers, labour recruiters and other enterprises. This requires that States take appropriate steps, through effective policies, legislation, regulations and adjudication, to prevent and investigate such abuses, to punish those responsible and to provide redress, and that they exercise and mandate due diligence to ensure that human rights are respected.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Racial discrimination against people of African descent 2011, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- [Formulates the following recommendations addressed to States parties:] Effectively acknowledge in their policies and actions the negative effects of the wrongs occasioned on people of African descent in the past, chief among which are colonialism and the transatlantic slave trade, the effects of which continue to disadvantage people of African descent today.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2011
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Comparative study of enabling environments for associations and businesses 2015, para. 109b
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls upon States:] To take positive measures to protect and facilitate the right to freedom of association, including by reducing accounting and oversight burdens for smaller associations, offering tax incentives for associations, creating "one-stop shops" and offering diplomatic assistance abroad for those in the civil society sector;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 97
- Paragraph text
- States should ratify all relevant international instruments prohibiting trafficking in persons, forced labour, slavery and slavery-like practices, including the Protocol of 2014 to the Forced Labour Convention, 1930, align their domestic legislation with international standards, criminalize all forms of trafficking in persons and impose adequate penalties for violations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Access to land and the right to food 2010, para. 42a
- Paragraph text
- [In order to ensure the enjoyment of the right to food, States should:] Implement the conclusions set out in the Final Declaration of the International Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development and prioritize "improved" State-led land redistribution programmes. States should implement land redistribution programmes where a high degree of land ownership concentration (which could be defined as a level of inequality higher than a Gini coefficient of 0.65) is combined with a significant level of rural poverty attributable to landlessness or to the cultivation of excessively small plots of land by smallholders. Redistributive agrarian reforms should: (a) include comprehensive rural development policies that follow the recommendations resulting from the International Assessment of Agricultural Science and Technology for Development, including extension systems, access to credit and agricultural research and support beneficiaries, provided with sufficient budgets; (b) make use of land ceiling laws and be based on legal frameworks that clearly define beneficiaries and exempted land; (c) encourage communal ownership systems, rather than focusing solely on individual beneficiaries; (d) be implemented in accordance with the principles of participation, transparency and accountability, in order to prevent their appropriation by local elites; (e) be grounded in constitutional provisions regarding the social functions of land, where such provisions exist. All States should monitor land inequalities before and after the implementation of such programmes;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Access to land and the right to food 2010, para. 42b (iv)
- Paragraph text
- [In order to ensure the enjoyment of the right to food, States should:] Ensure that market-led land reforms are compatible with human rights. If, despite the reservations expressed in the present report, States choose to seek to improve security of tenure through titling programmes and the creation of land rights markets, they should: Prioritize the titling of land for those who are dependent on land for their livelihoods and are more vulnerable to land-grabbing, rather than for those who claim to be the formal landowners;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Recruitment practices and the human rights of migrants 2015, para. Chapter V. B.
- Paragraph text
- [Recommendations to private sector organizations] Audit supply chains and ensure human rights due diligence with all contractors and subcontractors
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
The World Bank and human rights 2015, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- The Bank needs to remove the roadblock that has been erected by its anachronistic, artificial and unjustifiable interpretation of the political prohibition contained in its Articles of Agreement. Admittedly, it is conceivable that the Bank might be tempted to pursue some issues using prohibited political approaches and would need to guard against them. However, positive measures designed to promote respect for obligations based on human rights treaties that are binding upon borrowing States would generally not cross such a line. Of course, much will depend on how the issue is approached, but a blanket prohibition on any such action as being political is wholly unwarranted. Just as the phrase "economic considerations" has been interpreted to accommodate Bank measures to combat corruption and to promote the rule of law and criminal justice reform, so too can the phrase accommodate a policy which takes account of the economic consequences of ignoring or violating human rights in a given project.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Recruitment practices and the human rights of migrants 2015, para. Chapter V. B.
- Paragraph text
- [Recommendations to private sector organizations] Have clear policies in place for how to tackle the detection of unethical recruitment practices within business operations and/or in the supply chain
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Recruitment practices and the human rights of migrants 2015, para. Chapter V. A.
- Paragraph text
- [Strengthening the overall legal and policy framework in relation to recruitment practices] Ensure the total elimination of wage discrimination on the basis of nationality
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Eradicating contemporary forms of slavery from supply chains 2015, para. 69f
- Paragraph text
- [In relation to businesses, the Special Rapporteur recommends the following:] Gaps in national legislation and underdeveloped regulatory infrastructure can pose significant risks for contemporary forms of slavery in supply chains. To address this, businesses, working in partnership with business peers and other stakeholders or though representative industry and employer organizations, should engage public policy actors and regulators to encourage adoption of a relevant legal framework and effective law enforcement. Businesses, together with other stakeholders, also have an important role to play in addressing the root causes of contemporary forms of slavery;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Affordability of water and sanitation services 2015, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- Affordability is key for the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation. Ensuring affordable service provision for all people requires a paradigm shift - starting from the perspective of human rights. Economic sustainability and affordability for all people are not impossible to reconcile, but human rights require rethinking current lines of argumentation and redesigning current instruments. The main challenge is to ensure that targeted measures and instruments do, in fact, reach the people who rely on them most. For instance, tariffs must be designed in such a way that the most disadvantaged of those connected to formal utilities receive the assistance they need. It also requires ensuring that public finance and subsidies reach the most marginalized and disadvantaged individuals and communities, who are often not (yet) connected to a formal network, who may live in informal settlements without any formal title or in remote rural areas where self-supply is common, and who are often overlooked or deliberately ignored in current policymaking and planning.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Water & Sanitation
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- Multi-stakeholder initiatives should ensure that an evaluation of labour recruiters, when such recruiters are used by the supplier to recruit workers or as employment agents, is included in the assurance process and that the above-mentioned criteria and indicators that are under the control of those intermediaries, as recruitment or employment agents, are applied. The results of the evaluation of the labour recruiters’ compliance should be made an integral part of the evaluation of the company’s compliance and have an effect on the determination of certification status.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Interlinkages between recognition, justice and development 2016, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- The Working Group encourages development agencies and financial institutions to develop and implement programmes to address the human rights situation of people of African descent. The Working Group endorses, and recommends to development agencies and financial institutions for their serious consideration, the CARICOM Ten-Point Action Plan on reparations, including its points on public health initiatives, rehabilitation, technology transfer and debt cancellation.
- Body
- Working Group of experts on people of African descent
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2016
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Prevention of trafficking in persons 2010, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- States should build skills and institutionalize capacities, in particular those of law enforcement officers, including labour inspectors, so that they intervene appropriately to prevent trafficking in persons rather than dealing with the aftermath.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph