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A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.14
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Combat and prevent the use of children, including adolescents, in the illicit production of and trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.15
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Promote comprehensive programmes to counter the use of children, including adolescents, in the production of and trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.47
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Take necessary measures, including through enhanced cooperation between Governments, intergovernmental organizations, the private sector and non-governmental organizations to combat the criminal use of information technologies, including the Internet, for purposes of the sale of children, for child prostitution, child pornography, child sex tourism, paedophilia and other forms of violence and abuse against children and adolescents.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- Yet much more needs to be done. The resources that were promised at the Summit at both the national and international levels have yet to materialize fully. Critical challenges remain: more than 10 million children die each year, although most of those deaths could be prevented; 100 million children are still out of school, 60 per cent of them girls; 150 million children suffer from malnutrition; and HIV/AIDS is spreading with catastrophic speed. There is persistent poverty, exclusion and discrimination, and inadequate investment in social services. Also, debt burdens, excessive military spending, inconsistent with national security requirements, armed conflict, foreign occupation, hostage-taking and all forms of terrorism, as well as the lack of efficiency in the use of resources, among other factors, can constrain national efforts to combat poverty and to ensure the well-being of children. The childhood of millions continues to be devastated by hazardous and exploitative labour, the sale and trafficking of children, including adolescents, and other forms of abuse, neglect, exploitation and violence.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Health
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Girls
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 133
- Paragraph text
- Violations of human rights in situations of armed conflict and military occupation are violations of the fundamental principles of international human rights and humanitarian law as embodied in international human rights instruments and in the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the Additional Protocols thereto. Gross human rights violations and policies of ethnic cleansing in war- torn and occupied areas continue to be carried out. These practices have created, inter alia, a mass flow of refugees and other displaced persons in need of international protection and internally displaced persons, the majority of whom are women, adolescent girls and children. Civilian victims, mostly women and children, often outnumber casualties among combatants. In addition, women often become caregivers for injured combatants and find themselves, as a result of conflict, unexpectedly cast as sole manager of household, sole parent, and caretaker of elderly relatives.
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Families
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 37.21
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals and targets, taking into account the best interests of the child, consistent with national laws, religious and ethical values and cultural backgrounds of the people, and in conformity with all human rights and fundamental freedoms, we will carry out the following strategies and actions:] Develop policies and programmes aimed at children, including adolescents, for the reduction of violence and suicide.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 126c
- Paragraph text
- [By Governments, employers, trade unions, community and youth organizations and non-governmental organizations, as appropriate:] Develop counselling, healing and support programmes for girls, adolescents and young women who have been or are involved in abusive relationships, particularly those who live in homes or institutions where abuse occurs;
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Girls
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 4.9
- Paragraph text
- Countries should take full measures to eliminate all forms of exploitation, abuse, harassment and violence against women, adolescents and children. This implies both preventive actions and rehabilitation of victims. Countries should prohibit degrading practices, such as trafficking in women, adolescents and children and exploitation through prostitution, and pay special attention to protecting the rights and safety of those who suffer from these crimes and those in potentially exploitable situations, such as migrant women, women in domestic service and schoolgirls. In this regard, international safeguards and mechanisms for cooperation should be put in place to ensure that these measures are implemented.
- Body
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1994
Paragraph
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 6.9
- Paragraph text
- Countries should take effective steps to address the neglect, as well as all types of exploitation and abuse, of children, adolescents and youth, such as abduction, rape and incest, pornography, trafficking, abandonment and prostitution. In particular, countries should take appropriate action to eliminate sexual abuse of children both within and outside their borders.
- Body
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Youth
- Year
- 1994
Paragraph
The implementation of the rights of the child during adolescence 2016, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- The Committee refers States parties to the recommendations in general comments No. 13 (2011) on the right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence and No. 18 (2014) on harmful practices for comprehensive legislative, administrative, social and educational measures to bring an end to all forms of violence, including a legal prohibition on corporal punishment in all settings, and to transform and bring an end to all harmful practices. States parties need to create more opportunities for scaling up institutional programmes on prevention and rehabilitation, and the social reintegration of adolescent victims. The Committee highlights the need to involve adolescents in the development of prevention strategies and protective responses to victims of violence.
- Body
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Report of the SR on the right to health and Agenda 2030 2016, para. 95
- Paragraph text
- A holistic approach to addressing violence is consistent with the aim of collectively implementing the Sustainable Development Goal targets on violence across the agenda. It is also consonant with the indivisible and interrelated nature of human rights. From a human rights and public health perspective, violence must be addressed comprehensively, including obligations to eliminate violence within health-care settings, to address how structural factors, such as laws and policies, institutionalize violence and to eliminate violence against women and children. The right to health also includes an entitlement to safe access to health care and to a safe environment. Importantly, children and adolescents have a right to be free from violence and to healthy development.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
The impact of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements on the human rights of migrants 2016, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- Migrant children have unique concerns in the context of trade, as they comprise a significant proportion of child labourers in informal sectors, as well as in the commercial sex industry. In 2010, in the context of the trade agreement between Panama and the United States, the National Bureau against Child Labour and for the Protection of Adolescent Workers was established within the Panamanian labour department. The partnership agreement between the members of the African, Caribbean and Pacific States and the European Union, also known as the Cotonou Agreement, provided for the creation of cooperative education programmes towards the elimination of child labour.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
A human rights-based approach to the administration of criminal justice in cases of trafficking in persons 2012, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- Extradition is another important legal mechanism for ensuring the effective prosecution of suspects, precluding the ability of traffickers to flee to a "safe haven" State. The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime requires States parties to treat offences established in accordance with the Protocol as extraditable offences under domestic law, and to ensure that such offences are included as extraditable offences in current and future extradition treaties. A number of regional instruments, such as the Inter-American Convention on International Traffic in Minors, in its article 10, specifically identify trafficking as an extraditable offence. A number of States have explicitly provided that trafficking is an extraditable offence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- The development of close collaboration with human rights bodies and mechanisms is an essential component of the Special Representative's agenda. This cooperation is critical in pursuing an integrated approach to children's protection from violence and capitalizing on synergies across mandates, in the overall framework of the implementation of children's rights standards and commitments to children, including those undertaken at the Millennium Summit, the special session of the General Assembly on Children and, more recently, the Third World Congress against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents. The Call for Action adopted by the Congress highlights the importance of close cooperation between mandate holders, and its agenda provides a valuable framework for mutually supportive actions and accelerated progress in the follow-up to the study's recommendations; those include the development of national plans and the enactment of effective legislation, and the establishment of reporting mechanisms for child victims.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 139
- Paragraph text
- The Special Representative will continue to mobilize support to consolidate those important efforts and in 2015, will place special emphasis on the following topics: ensuring violence against children remains a distinct concern on the global development agenda; reinforcing the protection of children from online sexual abuse; strengthening action for the prevention of violence in early childhood; and promoting the protection of children and adolescents affected by community and armed violence and organized crime.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- Concern about the role of ICTs in generating violence against children has been growing in recent years. In 2006, the United Nations Study on Violence Against Children acknowledged that "the Internet and other developments of communication technologies … appear to be associated with an increased risk of sexual exploitation of children, as well as other forms of violence" (A/61/299, para. 77). The third World Congress against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents, held in 2008 in Brazil, reaffirmed that concern.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Elimination and prevention of all forms of violence against women and girls 2013, para. 34aaa
- Paragraph text
- [The Commission urges governments, at all levels[...] to take the following actions:] [Addressing structural and underlying causes and risk factors so as to prevent violence against women and girls]: Condemn and take action to prevent violence against women and girls in health-care settings, including sexual harassment, humiliation and forced medical procedures, or those conducted without informed consent, and which may be irreversible, such as forced hysterectomy, forced caesarean section, forced sterilization, forced abortion, and forced use of contraceptives, especially for particularly vulnerable and disadvantaged women and girls, such as those living with HIV, women and girls with disabilities, indigenous and Afro-descendent women and girls, pregnant adolescents and young mothers, older women, and women and girls from national or ethnic minorities;
- Body
- Commission on the Status of Women
- Document type
- CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Girls
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- Children's views and recommendations helped shape the United Nations study and remain essential for its follow-up; they were also highly relevant in the special session of the General Assembly on children (8-10 May 2002) and in the three World Congresses against sexual exploitation of children and adolescents. Some of children's key recommendations include: increased access to information on the rights of the child and accessibility to child-friendly services, including telephone helplines with free access; establishment of child protection agencies in local communities to protect vulnerable children; and the creation of an ombudsman's office in each country.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- The development of close collaboration with human rights bodies and mechanisms is an essential component of the Special Representative's agenda. This cooperation is critical in pursuing an integrated approach to children's protection from violence and capitalizing on synergies across mandates, in the overall framework of the implementation of children's rights standards and commitments to children, including those undertaken at the Millennium Summit, the Special Session on Children and, more recently, the Third World Congress against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents. The call for action issued as part of the Congress highlights the importance of close cooperation between mandate holders, and its agenda provides a valuable framework for mutually supportive actions and accelerated progress towards the achievement of the time-bound targets agreed upon at the Congress; these targets are also of strategic relevance to the process of follow-up to the study's recommendations.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- The Congress was a strategic forum to promote and review progress in the Americas on follow-up to the recommendations of the study, and to launch the report on corporal punishment and human rights of children and adolescents, recently issued by the Office of the Rapporteur on the Rights of the Child of the Inter-American Commission. This important report builds upon the United Nations study and calls on member States of the Organization of American States to place explicit and absolute legal bans on the use of corporal punishment in all settings; adopt preventive, educational, and other measures to ensure the eradication of this form of violence and promote positive and non-violent alternatives; and make the Americas a region free of child corporal punishment by 2011.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2010, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- The situation of those children remains hidden and surrounded by stigma, and is seldom envisaged as a priority in the policy agenda. There is scarce information on the numbers of children deprived of liberty and on the reasons that lead to their placement in justice and care institutions; independent monitoring mechanisms are rarely available to safeguard their rights and address their complaints; and sensationalistic information, combined with ill perception of growing juvenile delinquency, fuel social pressure for the criminalization of children and adolescents, and for the introduction of increasingly lower ages of criminal responsibility and longer measures of deprivation of liberty. This is a pattern that helps to create a culture of tolerance of violence against children, and which often contributes to the stigmatization of children belonging to poor and disadvantaged groups.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2012, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The global survey also builds upon the significant analytical reviews conducted at the regional level, including by the League of Arab States, SAIEVAC, MERCOSUR and Central American countries. It draws upon United Nations and international monitoring processes, including the universal periodic review of the Human Rights Council, reporting to the Committee on the Rights of the Child and other treaty bodies, and the follow-up to the World Congresses against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents and the Roadmap for Achieving the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour by 2016, adopted by The Hague Global Child Labour Conference in 2010.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- Research on gangs in Honduras has shed some light on factors that lead adolescents to join or leave a gang. Joining a gang is more likely for a young person whose parents are absent for economic reasons, including as a result of migration, and for whom no other authority figure has stepped in. In one group studied, gang members who had lost their parents saw the gang as a replacement family. In another group, gang members were far more driven by financial reasons, regarding the leader as the boss of the business. Overall, the most common reasons for leaving the gang were the birth of a first child, concern about damage being caused to family members, the opportunity to move to a different neighbourhood, commitment to the community and having a spiritual experience.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Families
- Youth
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2011, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- In the Americas, follow-up to the United Nations study on violence against children has been carried out within the framework of the Twentieth Pan American Child Congress and the strong institutional cooperation developed with the Inter-American Children's Institute of the Organization of the American States, the Rapporteur on the Rights of the Child of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, the Latin American and Caribbean chapter of the Global Movement for Children, and the Ibero-American Conference of Ministers Responsible for Children and Adolescents.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2015, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- That approach has led to the increasing severity of criminal penalties, the lowering of the minimum age of criminal responsibility and criminalization of the lower levels of illegal organizations, where the involvement of marginalized children and teenagers is concentrated. Young offenders tend to be incarcerated in overcrowded detention centres, at times together with adults, risking engagement with criminal gangs which control their communities beyond the prison walls. Rather than enhancing prevention, this leads to greater violence.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Youth
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Child participation 2012, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- In Guatemala, peer educators at the Education Programme for Working Children and Adolescents, an institution of some 1,800 students providing education to working children, created a mural to raise awareness. The aim of this microproject was to ensure that young people and adolescents were aware of the dangers of commercial sexual exploitation of children. It provided a fun and interactive way to discuss the sensitive issues of commercial sexual exploitation of children, trafficking of children and HIV/AIDS with the most at-risk young people.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Education
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Youth
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Reflection on a 6-year tenure as Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 2014, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- Similarly, the expansion of the Internet and social networking has had an impact on children's social norms. The exposure of children to child pornography inspires and influences their sexual practices and affects their behaviour. Prevailing standards and peer pressure has led adolescents to share sexualized images of themselves, making them vulnerable to abuse and potentially redefining some of the social limits of acceptability of child pornography.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Harmful Practices
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
SRSG on violence against children: Annual report 2013, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Public fear of gang violence and youth crime has generated social pressure for the criminalization of children and adolescents, lower minimum ages of criminal responsibility and longer sentences of imprisonment. This has been accompanied by media stigmatization of children from disadvantaged groups and a culture of tolerance of violence against them. In this process, poor rule of law and weak law enforcement performance, together with public fear of retaliation, lead to sporadic convictions and a deep sense of impunity.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Youth
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Adolescent health and development in the context of the Convention of the Rights of the Child 2003, para. 37
- Paragraph text
- Adolescents who are sexually exploited, including in prostitution and pornography, are exposed to significant health risks, including STDs, HIV/AIDS, unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions, violence and psychological distress. They have the right to physical and psychological recovery and social reintegration in an environment that fosters health, self respect and dignity (art. 39). It is the obligation of States parties to enact and enforce laws to prohibit all forms of sexual exploitation and related trafficking; to collaborate with other States parties to eliminate intercountry trafficking; and to provide appropriate health and counselling services to adolescents who have been sexually exploited, making sure that they are treated as victims and not as offenders.
- Body
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2003
Paragraph
Adolescent health and development in the context of the Convention of the Rights of the Child 2003, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- States parties have to provide special protection to homeless adolescents, including those working in the informal sector. Homeless adolescents are particularly vulnerable to violence, abuse and sexual exploitation from others, self-destructive behaviour, substance abuse and mental disorders. In this regard, States parties are required to (a) develop policies and enact and enforce legislation that protect such adolescents from violence, e.g. by law enforcement officials; (b) develop strategies for the provision of appropriate education and access to health care, and of opportunities for the development of livelihood skills.
- Body
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Means of adoption
- N.A.
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Year
- 2003
Paragraph