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Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 117
- Paragraph text
- Acts or threats of violence, whether occurring within the home or in the community, or perpetrated or condoned by the State, instil fear and insecurity in women's lives and are obstacles to the achievement of equality and for development and peace. The fear of violence, including harassment, is a permanent constraint on the mobility of women and limits their access to resources and basic activities. High social, health and economic costs to the individual and society are associated with violence against women. Violence against women is one of the crucial social mechanisms by which women are forced into a subordinate position compared with men. In many cases, violence against women and girls occurs in the family or within the home, where violence is often tolerated. The neglect, physical and sexual abuse, and rape of girl children and women by family members and other members of the household, as well as incidences of spousal and non-spousal abuse, often go unreported and are thus difficult to detect. Even when such violence is reported, there is often a failure to protect victims or punish perpetrators.
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 136
- Paragraph text
- Women and children constitute some 80 per cent of the world's millions of refugees and other displaced persons, including internally displaced persons. They are threatened by deprivation of property, goods and services and deprivation of their right to return to their homes of origin as well as by violence and insecurity. Particular attention should be paid to sexual violence against uprooted women and girls employed as a method of persecution in systematic campaigns of terror and intimidation and forcing members of a particular ethnic, cultural or religious group to flee their homes. Women may also be forced to flee as a result of a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons enumerated in the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol, including persecution through sexual violence or other gender-related persecution, and they continue to be vulnerable to violence and exploitation while in flight, in countries of asylum and resettlement and during and after repatriation. Women often experience difficulty in some countries of asylum in being recognized as refugees when the claim is based on such persecution.
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 145d
- Paragraph text
- [By Governments and international and regional organizations:] Reaffirm that rape in the conduct of armed conflict constitutes a war crime and under certain circumstances it constitutes a crime against humanity and an act of genocide as defined in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide; take all measures required for the protection of women and children from such acts and strengthen mechanisms to investigate and punish all those responsible and bring the perpetrators to justice;
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.42
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Enlist the support of the private sector, including the tourism industry and the media, for a campaign against sexual exploitation of and trafficking in children.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.45
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Take necessary action, at all levels, as appropriate, to criminalize and penalize effectively, in conformity with all relevant and applicable international instruments, all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children, including within the family or for commercial purposes, child prostitution, paedophilia, child pornography, child sex tourism, trafficking, the sale of children and their organs, engagement in forced child labour and any other form of exploitation, while ensuring that, in the treatment by the criminal justice system of children who are victims, the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.12
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Protect children from adoption and foster care practices that are illegal, exploitative or that are not in their best interest.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 245a
- Paragraph text
- [By the media, non-governmental organizations and the private sector, in collaboration, as appropriate, with national machinery for the advancement of women:] Promote the equal sharing of family responsibilities through media campaigns that emphasize gender equality and non-stereotyped gender roles of women and men within the family and that disseminate information aimed at eliminating spousal and child abuse and all forms of violence against women, including domestic violence;
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
Further actions and initiatives to implement the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 2000, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- In situations of armed conflict, there are continued violations of human rights of women, which are violations of fundamental principles of international human rights law and international humanitarian law. There has been an increase in all forms of violence against women, including sexual slavery, rape, systematic rape, sexual abuse and forced pregnancies, in situations of armed conflict. Displacement compounded by loss of home and property, poverty, family disintegration and separation and other consequences of armed conflict are severely affecting the populations, especially women and children. Girls are also abducted or recruited, in violation of international law, into situations of armed conflict, including as combatants, sexual slaves or providers of domestic services.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 2000
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.13
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Address cases of international kidnapping of children by one of the parents.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- Hundreds of millions of children are suffering and dying from war, violence, exploitation, neglect and all forms of abuse and discrimination. Around the world, children live under especially difficult circumstances – permanently disabled or seriously injured by armed conflict; internally displaced or driven from their countries as refugees; suffering from natural and man-made disasters, including such perils as exposure to radiation and dangerous chemicals; as children of migrant workers and other socially disadvantaged groups; as victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. Trafficking, smuggling, physical and sexual exploitation and abduction, as well as the economic exploitation of children, even in its worst forms, are daily realities for children in all regions of the world, while domestic violence and sexual violence against women and children remain serious problems. In several countries, there have been social and humanitarian impacts from economic sanctions on the civilian population, in particular women and children.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
Third International Conference on Financing for Development: Addis Ababa Action Agenda 2015, para. 112
- Paragraph text
- We will strengthen regional, national and subnational institutions to prevent all forms of violence, combat terrorism and crime and end human trafficking and exploitation of persons, in particular women and children, in accordance with international human rights law. We will effectively strengthen national institutions to combat money-laundering, corruption and the financing of terrorism, which have serious implications for economic development and social cohesion. We will enhance international cooperation for capacity-building in these areas at all levels, in particular in developing countries. We commit to ensuring the effective implementation of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Key actions for the further implementation of the Programme of Action of the of the International Conference on Population and Development 1999, para. 24b
- Paragraph text
- [24. Governments in both countries of origin and countries of destination, including through international cooperation, are urged:] (b) To prevent trafficking in migrants, in particular women and children subjected to forced labour or sexual or commercial exploitation; to develop clear penalties for such trafficking and migrant smuggling, backed by effective administrative procedures and laws, ensuring punishment of those who commit such crimes; and to finalize as soon as possible the trafficking and smuggling protocols which are currently being negotiated by the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Key actions for the further implementation of the Programme of Action of the of the International Conference on Population and Development 1999, para. 42
- Paragraph text
- 42. Governments should promote and protect the human rights of the girl child and young women, which include economic and social rights as well as freedom from coercion, discrimination and violence, including harmful practices and sexual exploitation. Governments should review all legislation and amend and revoke that which discriminates against the girl child and young women.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 1999
Paragraph
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- All States and families should give the highest possible priority to children. The child has the right to standards of living adequate for its well-being and the right to the highest attainable standards of health, and the right to education. The child has the right to be cared for, guided and supported by parents, families and society and to be protected by appropriate legislative, administrative, social and educational measures from all forms of physical or mental violence, injury or abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, maltreatment or exploitation, including sale, trafficking, sexual abuse, and trafficking in its organs.
- Body
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Year
- 1994
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.14
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Combat and prevent the use of children, including adolescents, in the illicit production of and trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.15
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Promote comprehensive programmes to counter the use of children, including adolescents, in the production of and trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.47
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Take necessary measures, including through enhanced cooperation between Governments, intergovernmental organizations, the private sector and non-governmental organizations to combat the criminal use of information technologies, including the Internet, for purposes of the sale of children, for child prostitution, child pornography, child sex tourism, paedophilia and other forms of violence and abuse against children and adolescents.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
Third International Conference on Financing for Development: Addis Ababa Action Agenda 2015, para. 112
- Paragraph text
- We will strengthen regional, national and subnational institutions to prevent all forms of violence, combat terrorism and crime and end human trafficking and exploitation of persons, in particular women and children, in accordance with international human rights law. We will effectively strengthen national institutions to combat money-laundering, corruption and the financing of terrorism, which have serious implications for economic development and social cohesion. We will enhance international cooperation for capacity-building in these areas at all levels, in particular in developing countries. We commit to ensuring the effective implementation of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 230n
- Paragraph text
- [By Governments:] Strengthen the implementation of all relevant human rights instruments in order to combat and eliminate, including through international cooperation, organized and other forms of trafficking in women and children, including trafficking for the purposes of sexual exploitation, pornography, prostitution and sex tourism, and provide legal and social services to the victims; this should include provisions for international cooperation to prosecute and punish those responsible for organized exploitation of women and children;
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- Yet much more needs to be done. The resources that were promised at the Summit at both the national and international levels have yet to materialize fully. Critical challenges remain: more than 10 million children die each year, although most of those deaths could be prevented; 100 million children are still out of school, 60 per cent of them girls; 150 million children suffer from malnutrition; and HIV/AIDS is spreading with catastrophic speed. There is persistent poverty, exclusion and discrimination, and inadequate investment in social services. Also, debt burdens, excessive military spending, inconsistent with national security requirements, armed conflict, foreign occupation, hostage-taking and all forms of terrorism, as well as the lack of efficiency in the use of resources, among other factors, can constrain national efforts to combat poverty and to ensure the well-being of children. The childhood of millions continues to be devastated by hazardous and exploitative labour, the sale and trafficking of children, including adolescents, and other forms of abuse, neglect, exploitation and violence.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Health
- Poverty
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Girls
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.4
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] End impunity for all crimes against children by bringing perpetrators to justice and publicizing the penalties for such crimes.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.41
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Raise awareness of the illegality and harmful consequences of sexual exploitation and abuse, including through the Internet, and trafficking in children.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.6
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Raise awareness about the illegality and harmful consequences of failing to protect children from violence, abuse and exploitation.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 6.1
- Paragraph text
- All countries must enact and strictly enforce laws against economic exploitation, physical and mental abuse or neglect of children in keeping with commitments made under the Convention on the Rights of the Child and other relevant United Nations instruments. Countries should provide support and rehabilitation services to those who fall victims to such abuses.
- Body
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Youth
- Year
- 1994
Paragraph
Further actions and initiatives to implement the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 2000, para. 96a
- Paragraph text
- Increase cooperation, policy responses, effective implementation of national legislation and other protective and preventive measures aimed at the elimination of violence against women and girls, especially all forms of commercial sexual exploitation, as well as economic exploitation, including trafficking in women and children, female infanticide, crimes committed in the name of honour, crimes committed in the name of passion, racially motivated crimes, abduction and sale of children, dowry-related violence and deaths, acid attacks and harmful traditional or customary practices, such as female genital mutilation, early and forced marriages;
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Harmful Practices
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 2000
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 133
- Paragraph text
- Violations of human rights in situations of armed conflict and military occupation are violations of the fundamental principles of international human rights and humanitarian law as embodied in international human rights instruments and in the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the Additional Protocols thereto. Gross human rights violations and policies of ethnic cleansing in war- torn and occupied areas continue to be carried out. These practices have created, inter alia, a mass flow of refugees and other displaced persons in need of international protection and internally displaced persons, the majority of whom are women, adolescent girls and children. Civilian victims, mostly women and children, often outnumber casualties among combatants. In addition, women often become caregivers for injured combatants and find themselves, as a result of conflict, unexpectedly cast as sole manager of household, sole parent, and caretaker of elderly relatives.
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Families
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 230m
- Paragraph text
- [By Governments:] Address the acute problems of children, inter alia, by supporting efforts in the context of the United Nations system aimed at adopting efficient international measures for the prevention and eradication of female infanticide, harmful child labour, the sale of children and their organs, child prostitution, child pornography and other forms of sexual abuse and consider contributing to the drafting of an optional protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child;
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. Objective L7
- Paragraph text
- Eradicate violence against the girl child
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 7.39
- Paragraph text
- Active and open discussion of the need to protect women, youth and children from any abuse, including sexual abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence, must be encouraged and supported by educational programmes at both national and community levels. Governments should set the necessary conditions and procedures to encourage victims to report violations of their rights. Laws addressing those concerns should be enacted where they do not exist, made explicit, strengthened and enforced, and appropriate rehabilitation services provided. Governments should also prohibit the production and the trade of child pornography.
- Body
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 1994
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- The maintenance of peace and security at the global, regional and local levels, together with the prevention of policies of aggression and ethnic cleansing and the resolution of armed conflict, is crucial for the protection of the human rights of women and girl children, as well as for the elimination of all forms of violence against them and of their use as a weapon of war.
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Means of adoption
- Consensus
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph