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Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 147g
- Paragraph text
- [By Governments, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations and other institutions involved in providing protection, assistance and training to refugee women, other displaced women in need of international protection and internally displaced women, including the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and the World Food Programme, as appropriate:] Facilitate the availability of educational materials in the appropriate language - in emergency situations also - in order to minimize disruption of schooling among refugee and displaced children;
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1995
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development 1994, para. 11.2
- Paragraph text
- Education is a key factor in sustainable development: it is at the same time a component of well-being and a factor in the development of well-being through its links with demographic as well as economic and social factors. Education is also a means to enable the individual to gain access to knowledge, which is a precondition for coping, by anyone wishing to do so, with today's complex world. The reduction of fertility, morbidity and mortality rates, the empowerment of women, the improvement in the quality of the working population and the promotion of genuine democracy are largely assisted by progress in education. The integration of migrants is also facilitated by universal access to education, which respects the religious and cultural backgrounds of migrants.
- Body
- International Conference on Population and Development
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1994
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right of the child to be heard 2009, para. 118
- Paragraph text
- The Convention establishes the right of the child to be protected from all forms of violence and the responsibility of States parties to ensure this right for every child without any discrimination. The Committee encourages States parties to consult with children in the development and implementation of legislative, policy, educational and other measures to address all forms of violence. Particular attention needs to be paid to ensuring that marginalized and disadvantaged children, such as exploited children, street children or refugee children, are not excluded from consultative processes designed to elicit views on relevant legislation and policy processes.
- Body
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2009
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur also notes that the international norms and instruments listed earlier pay little attention to the particular situation of the educational rights of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers. The same is the case with many other instruments, such as the Convention concerning Migration for Employment (Revised 1949), the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949), the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1965), the Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious or Linguistic Minorities (1992), and the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (1992).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- However, the Special Rapporteur observes that the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol (arts. 4 and 22) and the Migrant Workers Convention reiterate the right to educational choice and the obligation of the contracting States to accord to refugees the same treatment as is accorded to nationals with respect to “elementary education” and to ensure “equal opportunities” with respect to non-elementary education. This includes access, the recognition of certificates and diplomas, the remission of fees and charges and the award of scholarships. Moreover, in accordance with article 28.1 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child “equal opportunity” in terms of the “best interest” principle may justify differential treatment of migrant, refugee and asylum-seekers’ children, such as mother-tongue teaching, provided that non-discrimination measures are in place, although in article 45.4 of the Migrant Workers Convention, there is no obligation for receiving States to provide special mother-tongue instruction schemes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 38
- Paragraph text
- Segregation can take many forms, but invariably results in discrimination and thus impedes social mobility through education. In this respect, the Special Rapporteur notes that “ability” grouping (and tracking) within learning environments may be based on a variety of factors, including socio-economic background, ethnic origin and migrant status. Early-ability grouping and tracking has been shown to impact negatively on the school achievement of migrant students and students of migrant origin. In particular, migrants are more likely than their native peers to be diagnosed as having “special needs” resulting in their placement in separate institutions providing “special” education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is also concerned by the incomplete realization of the right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers (or children thereof) of irregular status. The Special Rapporteur thus welcomes the increasing recognition of equality of treatment irrespective of legal status, as expressed in the International Labour Organization (ILO) Migrant Workers Convention No. 143 (Supplementary Provisions) (arts. 1 and 9), the United Nations Migrant Workers Convention, the final report of the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (principle 12) and the 2000 Council Directive 2000/43/EC of 29 June 2000 implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin (para. 12). The Special Rapporteur, however, views the lack of ratification of, in particular, the United Nations Migrant Workers Convention (which by February 2010 had been signed by only 31 of the 192 United Nations Members, of which virtually all are countries of emigration) as indicative of State apathy in this area.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur further notes that child migrants and refugees, often in search of education and work opportunities, are particularly vulnerable to forced, compulsory and exploitative labour and sexual abuse. International instruments, such as the ILO Minimum Age Convention No. 138 and the European Social Charter (revised) (art. 7.2), establish 15 as the minimum age for both the completion of compulsory schooling and entry into employment. Consequently, the increased reduction of the right to education in elementary schooling undermines the protection of child migrants and refugees from hazardous work. This is related to the understanding that education can, and should, serve as an important tool to protect children from sexual and gender-based violence, HIV/AIDS, military recruitment, crime and drugs, inter alia.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Gender
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- Equally, restricted access to education jeopardizes entitlements to the knowledge and skills and values that might directly contribute to societal development (democracy, non-violent conflict resolution, mutual respect, tolerance and respect for the natural environment) and full human development (personality, talents, mental and physical abilities, the respect for migrants’ and refugees’ own culture, language and values), as expressed in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (arts. 29, 31 and 32) and the 1993 Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action adopted by the World Conference on Human Rights.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 48
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur takes this opportunity to emphasize that school learning content and non-formal learning for refugees and asylum-seekers in refugee camps should aim to transmit key life-saving and life-sustaining messages (including landmine and unexploded ordinance awareness, rapid evacuation, skills-based health education, conflict resolution, humanitarian norms, child protection, etc.) in addition to preparation for local integration, repatriation or resettlement. In this regard, the Special Rapporteur specifically draws attention to, and welcomes, the educational work of UNHCR, but encourages increased attention, intensity and breadth in its provision.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- The shortage of teachers is a major obstacle to access and good quality education for refugees, asylum-seekers and migrants. Overcrowded and unmanageable classes increase student dropout. Especially in developed countries, schools with a large migrant and refugee proportion are often the most disadvantaged in terms of funds and qualified and experienced staff. In refugee camps, low and/or inappropriate compensation (teachers receiving monetary or non-monetary “incentives” instead of salaries) encourage teachers to work for NGOs or for schools outside the camp rather than in a refugee school.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Financing education and update on education in emergencies 2011, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur underlines that emergencies do not relieve States from their obligation to take all appropriate measures to ensure the realization of the right to education of all persons in their territories, including non-nationals, refugees or internally displaced groups. Ensuring financial support for primary education in order to guarantee that it continues to be available during emergencies, making secondary education available without discrimination and promoting access to higher education on the basis of capacity are nothing more than the fulfilment of a human rights obligation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2011
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Human rights of internally displaced persons in the context of the Post-2015 development agenda 2015, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- For many children in displacement situations, exclusion from education can be a long-term problem. Particularly in less developed countries, lack of resources, buildings, teachers and education materials may all create barriers to education. Lack of documentation, including birth certificates, may be a factor in States in which students must demonstrate their citizenship or residence in a region to have access to services. Discrimination may also be a factor, with schools and local authorities being reluctant to accept displaced children from different ethnic, linguistic or religious groups.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 69c
- Paragraph text
- [Indicators should include the proportion of:] Migrant girls having access to and completing primary and secondary education and demonstrating relevant learning outcomes, by migration status.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- According to article 13 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the right to education is a universal right. As recognized by Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in its general comment No. 13, education is the "primary vehicle by which economically and socially marginalized adults and children can lift themselves out of poverty and obtain the means to participate fully in their communities". The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, in its general recommendation No. 30, has highlighted the need for States to ensure that all migrant children, irrespective of their status, have access to public educational institutions. The Committee on the Rights of the Child, in its general comment No. 9, endorsed the concept of inclusive education as "a set of values, principles and practices that seeks meaningful, effective, and quality education for all students, that does justice to the diversity of learning conditions and requirements not only of children with disabilities, but for all students".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 64a
- Paragraph text
- [Targets should include:] All children, including migrant children, irrespective of their status and circumstances, have equal access to and complete free, inclusive and quality primary and secondary education;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 64c
- Paragraph text
- [Targets should include:] All children, including migrant children, irrespective of their status and circumstances, receive culturally appropriate education;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 64e
- Paragraph text
- [Targets should include:] Promotion of lifelong vocational training for all, including migrants;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
SRSG on children and armed conflict: Annual report 2016, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- The right to education is a fundamental human right. It is key for the development of children, but also critical for peacebuilding, economic growth and sustainable development for society as a whole. In times of conflict, infringements of the right to education in the form of targeted attacks on and obstacles to safe access to schools, threats to children and teachers and the military use of schools have a negative impact reaching beyond the education sector alone. Moreover, education is often interrupted due to a general climate of fear and insecurity or because of the displacement of school children, teachers and school personnel. Not only is there a large financial cost to rebuilding schools, repairing infrastructure, replacing equipment and training new teachers, there is a significant individual and societal cost. The loss of educational opportunities owing to war has long-lasting effects on the social and economic development of a country, which in turn increases the likelihood of new cycles of violence and conflict.
- Body
- Special Representative of the Secretary-General for children and armed conflict
- Document type
- SRSG report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Joint general comment No. 4 (2017) of the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and No. 23 (2017) of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on State obligations regarding the human rights of c ... 2017, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- All children in the context of international migration, irrespective of status, shall have full access to all levels and all aspects of education, including early childhood education and vocational training, on the basis of equality with nationals of the country where those children are living. This obligation implies that States should ensure equal access to quality and inclusive education for all migrant children, irrespective of their migration status. Migrant children should have access to alternative learning programmes where necessary and participate fully in examinations and receive certification of their studies.
- Body
- Committee on Migrant Workers
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 32
- Paragraph text
- Prominent among the questionnaire responses was the perception that the cultural diversity which follows as a result of migration ought to be valued as a resource, rather than being conceived as an instrument of division. The Special Rapporteur found the repeated statement that the migrant, refugee and asylum-seekers’ presence in national education systems could be drawn upon more systematically to enrich and enhance non-formal and formal learning environments, and thus the learning experience of all students.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- However, there continue to be tensions between national and migrant, refugee and asylum-seeker communities. These tensions often reach levels of xenophobia, as both experience unfamiliar languages, cultural practices and expectations. These can be exacerbated when finite resources are perceived to be focused upon one community at the expense of the other. One contributor from Liberia noted: “if education is not equitably distributed ... there are bound to be pockets of dissatisfaction and escalation of crime”.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 36
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur highlights the issues facing families in conflict-affected areas, especially those on precarious incomes. Pertinent is the comment of a refugee who stated that: “shortage of food forces parents to use their children to work”; and another who stated that: “an empty stomach does not have ears”. In such contexts, food and shelter are prioritized over payment of education fees (where imposed) and indirect costs to quality education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- Teachers and schools (meso-level) are positioned at the intersection of national and subnational policy directives and programmes (macro-level), on the one hand, and the expectations of households (micro-level) in the delivery of education, on the other. The Special Rapporteur recognizes that the meso-level processes linking the individual and society matter tremendously for student performance, and thus the right to education for migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Pathways to, conditions and consequences of incarceration for women 2013, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- There are fewer programmes for women, and those that are available are less varied and of poorer quality than those offered to male detainees. Several countries' prisons limit the educational opportunities provided to prisoners by tailoring them to gender stereotypes, and only offer vocational opportunities that conform to traditionally feminine occupations including hairstyling, sewing, vegetable-selling and catering. Male prisoners, on the other hand, are given opportunities to learn about building, welding and carpentry.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Third International Conference on Financing for Development: Addis Ababa Action Agenda 2015, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- We recognize the importance for achieving sustainable development of delivering quality education to all girls and boys. This will require reaching children living in extreme poverty, children with disabilities, migrant and refugee children, and those in conflict and post-conflict situations, and providing safe, non-violent, inclusive and effective learning environments for all. We will scale up investments and international cooperation to allow all children to complete free, equitable, inclusive and quality early childhood, primary and secondary education, including through scaling up and strengthening initiatives, such as the Global Partnership for Education. We commit to upgrading education facilities that are child, disability and gender sensitive and increasing the percentage of qualified teachers in developing countries, including through international cooperation, especially in least developed countries and small island developing States.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Person(s) affected
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 125f
- Paragraph text
- [By Governments, including local governments, community organizations, non-governmental organizations, educational institutions, the public and private sectors, particularly enterprises, and the mass media, as appropriate:] Recognize, support and promote the fundamental role of intermediate institutions, such as primary health-care centres, family-planning centres, existing school health services, mother and baby protection services, centres for migrant families and so forth in the field of information and education related to abuse;
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1995
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Article 10: Humane treatment of persons deprived of their liberty - replaces general comment 9 (Annex VI, B) 1993, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- In a number of cases, the information furnished by the State party contains no specific reference either to legislative or administrative provisions or to practical measures to ensure the re-education of convicted persons. The Committee requests specific information concerning the measures taken to provide teaching, education and re-education, vocational guidance and training and also concerning work programmes for prisoners inside the penitentiary establishment as well as outside.
- Body
- Human Rights Committee
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 1993
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education (Art. 13) 1999, para. 16e
- Paragraph text
- [An introduction to technology and to the world of work should not be confined to specific TVE programmes but should be understood as a component of general education. According to the UNESCO Convention on Technical and Vocational Education (1989), TVE consists of "all forms and levels of the educational process involving, in addition to general knowledge, the study of technologies and related sciences and the acquisition of practical skills, know-how, attitudes and understanding relating to occupations in the various sectors of economic and social life" (art. 1 (a)). This view is also reflected in certain ILO Conventions. Understood in this way, the right to TVE includes the following aspects:] It consists, in the context of the Covenant's non discrimination and equality provisions, of programmes which promote the TVE of women, girls, out of school youth, unemployed youth, the children of migrant workers, refugees, persons with disabilities and other disadvantaged groups.
- Body
- Committee on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 1999
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
The right to education of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers 2010, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- It has already been noted that lifelong learning is understood in different ways. However, when considered holistically, there are relatively few established models or traditions for implementing socially inclusive forms of lifelong learning, particularly when viewed through the lens of migration. Such learning is perceived by the Special Rapporteur, however, as having the potential to address the individual’s capacity for learning for and through life and an imperative to inclusion and social cohesion at a time of economic recession. It must be comprised of a balance of interlocking and mutually supportive opportunities for vocational, social and individual learning.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2010
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph