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United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 10. (2) (c)
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- [Meanwhile, where forced or compulsory labour is exacted as a tax, and where recourse is had to forced or compulsory labour for the execution of public works by chiefs who exercise administrative functions, the authority concerned shall first satisfy itself] that the work or service will not lay too heavy a burden upon the present population, having regard to the labour available and its capacity to undertake the work;
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2018
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United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 2. (1)
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- For the purposes of this Convention the term forced or compulsory labour shall mean all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 12. (2)
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- Every person from whom forced or compulsory labour is exacted shall be furnished with a certificate indicating the periods of such labour which he has completed.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 13. (1)
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- The normal working hours of any person from whom forced or compulsory labour is exacted shall be the same as those prevailing in the case of voluntary labour, and the hours worked in excess of the normal working hours shall be remunerated at the rates prevailing in the case of overtime for voluntary labour.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 13. (2)
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- A weekly day of rest shall be granted to all persons from whom forced or compulsory labour of any kind is exacted and this day shall coincide as far as possible with the day fixed by tradition or custom in the territories or regions concerned.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 14. (1)
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- With the exception of the forced or compulsory labour provided for in Article 10 of this Convention, forced or compulsory labour of all kinds shall be remunerated in cash at rates not less than those prevailing for similar kinds of work either in the district in which the labour is employed or in the district from which the labour is recruited, whichever may be the higher.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2018
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United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 11. (1) (a)
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- [Only adult able-bodied males who are of an apparent age of not less than 18 and not more than 45 years may be called upon for forced or compulsory labour. Except in respect of the kinds of labour provided for in Article 10 of this Convention, the following limitations and conditions shall apply:] (a) whenever possible prior determination by a medical officer appointed by the administration that the persons concerned are not suffering from any infectious or contagious disease and that they are physically fit for the work required and for the conditions under which it is to be carried out;
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 9 (c)
- Paragraph text
- [Except as otherwise provided for in Article 10 of this Convention, any authority competent to exact forced or compulsory labour shall, before deciding to have recourse to such labour, satisfy itself] that it has been impossible to obtain voluntary labour for carrying out the work or rendering the service by the offer of rates of wages and conditions of labour not less favourable than those prevailing in the area concerned for similar work or service; and
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 9 (d)
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- [Except as otherwise provided for in Article 10 of this Convention, any authority competent to exact forced or compulsory labour shall, before deciding to have recourse to such labour, satisfy itself] that the work or service will not lay too heavy a burden upon the present population, having regard to the labour available and its capacity to undertake the work.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 19. (2)
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- 2. Nothing in this Article shall be construed as abrogating the obligation on members of a community, where production is organised on a communal basis by virtue of law or custom and where the produce or any profit accruing from the sale thereof remain the property of the community, to perform the work demanded by the community by virtue of law or custom.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 5. (1)
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- No concession granted to private individuals, companies or associations shall involve any form of forced or compulsory labour for the production or the collection of products which such private individuals, companies or associations utilise or in which they trade.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 9 (a)
- Paragraph text
- [Except as otherwise provided for in Article 10 of this Convention, any authority competent to exact forced or compulsory labour shall, before deciding to have recourse to such labour, satisfy itself] that the work to be done or the service to be rendered is of important direct interest for the community called upon to do work or render the service;
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 16. (4)
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- In cases where such workers are required to perform regular work to which they are not accustomed, measures shall be taken to ensure their habituation to it, especially as regards progressive training, the hours of work and the provision of rest intervals, and any increase or amelioration of diet which may be necessary.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 14. (5)
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- Nothing in this Article shall prevent ordinary rations being given as a part of wages, such rations to be at least equivalent in value to the money payment they are taken to represent, but deductions from wages shall not be made either for the payment of taxes or for special food, clothing or accommodation supplied to a worker for the purpose of maintaining him in a fit condition to carry on his work under the special conditions of any employment, or for the supply of tools.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 10. (2) (e)
- Paragraph text
- [Meanwhile, where forced or compulsory labour is exacted as a tax, and where recourse is had to forced or compulsory labour for the execution of public works by chiefs who exercise administrative functions, the authority concerned shall first satisfy itself] that the execution of the work or the rendering of the service will be directed in accordance with the exigencies of religion, social life and agriculture.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 10. (2) (b)
- Paragraph text
- [Meanwhile, where forced or compulsory labour is exacted as a tax, and where recourse is had to forced or compulsory labour for the execution of public works by chiefs who exercise administrative functions, the authority concerned shall first satisfy itself] that the work or the service is of present or imminent necessity;
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 12. (1)
- Paragraph text
- The maximum period for which any person may be taken for forced or compulsory labour of all kinds in any one period of twelve months shall not exceed sixty days, including the time spent in going to and from the place of work.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 14. (4)
- Paragraph text
- For the purpose of payment of wages the days spent in travelling to and from the place of work shall be counted as working days.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 76
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- In Nepal, in the agricultural sector, Haliyas ("ones who plough") are labourers effectively caught in a debt bondage system. They plough the land, a task considered dirty. They are often forced to take out loans from landowners to cover personal expenses and are charged exorbitant rates of interest, making their debts extremely difficult to pay back and effectively trapping them in a never-ending cycle of submission. According to civil society reports, despite criminalization by the Government in 2010, the practice still persists and there is currently no legislation in place for the rehabilitation of Haliyas.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
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Minorities and discrimination based on caste and analogous systems of inherited status 2016, para. 73
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- This rigid and stratified allocation of work results in Dalits having not only limited job opportunities, but also lower wages, particularly in rural areas.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
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The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 23
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- Global supply chains are putting downward pressure on wages and working conditions, and distancing workers from their rights to freedom of association because workers fill permanent jobs but are denied permanent employee rights. These arrangements - found in both formal and informal work, including part-time, short-term or temporary contracts, on-call schedules, multilayered subcontracts or franchises, and bogus self-employment schemes - are designed to drive down costs. As a result of the widespread use of this practice, 1.5 billion people - 46 per cent of the world's total number of workers - are working in so called "precarious employment". In both Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, more than 70 per cent of workers are employed that way.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
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Fundamentalism and its impact on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association 2016, para. 37
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- The free market fundamentalist ideology opposes the very existence of trade unions in general, with one author arguing that they are viewed as "monopolist agents manipulating the price of labour to the advantage of some (a minority) and to the disadvantage of others (the majority, including non-unionized workers and consumers)". The Special Rapporteur views anti-unionism as an inherently troubling aspect of free market fundamentalism, as the right to organize in the workplace is protected by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and through various conventions of the International Labour Organization.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Report of the SR on the right to health and Agenda 2030 2016, para. 54
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- Prioritizing the most vulnerable requires acknowledging that many populations are invisible through traditional data collection methods either because they are excluded from civil registration or because they face other barriers, such as being homeless or criminalized, and never come into contact with official statistical processes. Qualitative data collection methods are a practical and powerful complement to traditional quantitative methods.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
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Marginality of economic and social rights 2016, para. 48
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- Fifth, the implementation of positive judicial outcomes and the search for more creative remedies have been "an analytical and practical blind spot".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
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Debt bondage as a key form of contemporary slavery 2016, para. 6
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- People enter the status or condition of debt bondage when their labour, or the labour of a third party under their control, is demanded as repayment of a loan or of money given in advance, and the value of their labour is not applied towards the liquidation of the debt or the length of the service is not limited and/or the nature of the service is not defined. Consequently, bonded labourers are often trapped into working for very little remuneration, or in some cases none, to repay the loan or advance, even though the value of their labour exceeds that sum of money.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Preventing and addressing violence and atrocities against minorities 2014, para. 69
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- The creation of community or neighbourhood watch and early warning mechanisms that enable at-risk communities to identify threats and quickly contact law enforcement authorities is another measure that has been put in place, including in Nigeria where violence and intercommunal tensions have been present. Having local "eyes and ears" to report potential incidents offers valuable, community-based, early warning potential, although it remains reliant on a rapid response by law enforcement bodies to alerts if it is to be effective.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on minority issues
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 39
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- Moreover, when revenue is used to finance public services, it creates conditions propitious to growth and employment in formal sectors of the economy, guaranteeing both equality of access and equality of opportunities. Public services also mitigate the impact of skewed income distribution and directly contribute to reducing inequality.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
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Protocol of 2014 to the Forced Labour Convention 2014, para. Preamble 10
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- Noting that the effective and sustained suppression of forced or compulsory labour contributes to ensuring fair competition among employers as well as protection for workers, and
- Body
- International Labour Organization
- Document type
- International treaty
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Challenges and lessons in combating contemporary forms of slavery 2013, para. 16
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- In Nepal, a debt bondage system, the labourers of which are known as Haliyas, can be found in the agricultural sector. Haliya means "one who ploughs". Ploughing land is considered to be dirty and unskilled work that only lower-class citizens should perform, making it the work of "untouchables" or Dalits. Haliyas are either paid very little for their work or paid only in small amounts of food. Debt quickly accrues as workers take out loans for personal expenses, while landowners take advantage of them by charging exorbitant interest rates. According to a Centre for Human Rights and Global Justice report, "such discrimination is intentionally designed to keep alive a system of debt bondage".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Integration of a human rights-based approach in measures to discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation of persons, especially women and children, and which leads to human trafficking 2013, para. 67
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- Even businesses which invest significant amounts in checking their supply chains suffer from the fact that there is no internationally recognized standard for the process of checking whether minimum labour standards and human rights standards are respected in the workplace. It is challenging for other businesses and individual consumers to assess whether the cheap cost of a product was due to good business management or due to abuse in the production process. It is the responsibility of the State (in addition to being the responsibility of employers, business owners and investors) to ensure that keeping production costs and wage bills to a minimum is not achieved by illegal or abusive means.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2013
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