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United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas 2018, para. 18. (1)
- Paragraph text
- Forced or compulsory labour for the transport of persons or goods, such as the labour of porters or boatmen, shall be abolished within the shortest possible period. Meanwhile the competent authority shall promulgate regulations determining, inter alia, (a) that such labour shall only be employed for the purpose of facilitating the movement of officials of the administration, when on duty, or for the transport of Government stores, or, in cases of very urgent necessity, the transport of persons other than officials, (b) that the workers so employed shall be medically certified to be physically fit, where medical examination is possible, and that where such medical examination is not practicable the person employing such workers shall be held responsible for ensuring that they are physically fit and not suffering from any infectious or contagious disease, (c) the maximum load which these workers may carry, (d) the maximum distance from their homes to which they may be taken, (e) the maximum number of days per month or other period for which they may be taken, including the days spent in returning to their homes, and (f) the persons entitled to demand this form of forced or compulsory labour and the extent to which they are entitled to demand it.
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2018
Paragraph
Ability of associations to access financial resources as a vital part of the right to freedom of association & Ability to hold peaceful assemblies as an integral component of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly 2013, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- This has also been the case for peaceful protestors advocating economic, social and cultural rights, such as indigenous peoples protesting the exploitation of a coal mine (Bangladesh), local residents denouncing the health impact of nuclear power plants (India), students protesting university reforms (Chile), employees protesting the closure of a mine (Myanmar), activists criticizing the increase in fuel prices (Sri Lanka) or students supporting an ethnic group forcibly displaced by the construction of a dam (Sudan).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Person(s) affected
- Activists
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, including for the promotion of women's equal access to full employment and decent work 2011, para. 22jj
- Paragraph text
- [The Commission urges Governments, at all levels [...] to take the following actions, as appropriate:] [Supporting the transition from education to full employment and decent work]: Implement gender-sensitive policies and programmes for women migrant workers and provide safe and legal channels that recognize their skills and education and fair labour conditions, facilitate their productive employment and decent work and integration into the labour force, including, inter alia, in the fields of education and science and technology, and ensure that all women, including care workers, are legally protected against violence and exploitation;
- Body
- Commission on the Status of Women
- Document type
- CSW Agreed Conclusions / Declaration
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- While providing rental cash grants can contribute effectively to rebuilding capacity for internally displaced persons who have lost all their assets and provide them with some autonomy in their access to housing, some critics have stressed that the cash interventions would have been better had they been oriented to the market context, i.e. a commensurate increase in the housing stock to avoid "rehoused" internally displaced persons going to overcrowded areas, inhabiting unsafe and informal urban expansions or forming new camps. Criticism also included timing issues, given that the camps were closed before all the internally displaced persons concerned had been offered appropriate alternative housing. The uncertainty and lack of coordination could have been avoided with better preparedness and consultation with those concerned. On the positive side, the Special Rapporteur notes that the 16/6 project was not limited to cash interventions, but also included raising awareness of living standards, vocational training, livelihood programmes and enhanced access to basic services.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 50
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur emphasizes that, to offer durable solutions for internally displaced persons and the communities in which they live, cash interventions should be accompanied by income-generating or other livelihood activities, which also benefit the community, such as the development of small businesses and legal support in housing, land and property matters to facilitate length and security of tenure. In addition, those interventions should be accompanied by measures ensuring access to basic services for the benefit of the entire community. For example, in Bogota, the mayor's development plan for the city, which seeks to a create "a more humane Bogota", puts at its core the promotion of the human rights of victims of the armed conflict who fled to Bogota and the implementation of the Victims and Land Restitution Act adopted in 2011. Article 12 pertains to the implementation of the Act, article 21 relates to the housing programme for internally displaced persons and article 42 deals with how internally displaced persons will receive health services. Elected mayors of the various localities within Bogota have also initiated projects for the economic development of internally displaced persons living in those localities. In January 2014, the mayor of the Bosa locality developed a project to promote and assist entrepreneurial projects for vulnerable populations, specifically for internally displaced persons and persons with disabilities.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Addis Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International Conference on Financing for Development (Addis Ababa Action Agenda) (2015), para. 047
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- 40. We recognize the positive contribution of migrants for inclusive growth and sustainable development in countries of origin and transit and destination countries. Remittances from migrant workers, half of whom are women, are typically wages transferred to families, primarily to meet part of the needs of the recipient households. They cannot be equated to other international financial flows, such as foreign direct investment, ODA or other public sources of financing for development. We will work to ensure that adequate and affordable financial services are available to migrants and their families in both home and host countries. We will work towards reducing the average transaction cost of migrant remittances by 2030 to less than 3 per cent of the amount transferred. We are particularly concerned with the cost of remittances in certain low-volume and high-cost corridors. We will work to ensure that no remittance corridor requires charges higher than 5 per cent by 2030, mindful of the need to maintain adequate service coverage, especially for those most in need. We will support national authorities to address the most significant obstacles to the continued flow of remittances, such as the trend of banks withdrawing services, to work towards access to remittance transfer services across borders. We will increase coordination among national regulatory authorities to remove obstacles to non-bank remittance service providers accessing payment system infrastructure and promote conditions for cheaper, faster and safer transfer of remittances in both source and recipient countries, including by promoting competitive and transparent market conditions. We will exploit new technologies, promote financial literacy and inclusion and improve data collection.
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
Paragraph
African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention) 2009, para. 1k
- Paragraph text
- 1.States Parties undertake to respect and ensure respect for the present Convention. In particular, States Parties shall: Promote self-reliance and sustainable livelihoods amongst internally displaced persons, provided that such measures shall not be used as a basis for neglecting the protection of and assistance to internally displaced persons, without prejudice to other means of assistance;
- Body
- African Union
- Document type
- Regional treaty
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2009
Paragraph
Agenda setting of the work of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- Furthermore, the Special Rapporteur expects to focus on the prevention of labour exploitation, including of vulnerable or marginalized groups such as migrants, children, national, ethnic or racial minorities, asylum seekers and refugees, by engaging with businesses, trade unions and other relevant parties, and by further exploring ways to better regulate and monitor the activities of recruitment and employment agencies, with a view to preventing abusive practices leading to debt bondage, trafficking and exploitation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- The main purpose of community land trusts is to lock the value of the land in order to preserve the long-term affordability of housing for low- and middle-income households. Such affordability and location aspects are therefore one of the main pillars of community land trusts, and purchase or rental prices are usually below market value (typically 20 to 65 per cent), essentially because the leaseholder only pays for the home and not the land. In exchange, homeowners accept limitations when reselling their homes, usually committing to a maximum 25 per cent profit of the original price paid. This allows future low- to moderate-income households to access the same property at an affordable cost and help the community to resist gentrification processes and development-related displacement.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Assistance to refugees, returnees and displaced persons in Africa (2016), para. 16
- Paragraph text
- Recognizing the need to expand resettlement opportunities,
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to refugees, returnees and displaced persons in Africa (2017), para. 16
- Paragraph text
- Recognizing the need to expand resettlement opportunities,
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to refugees, returnees and displaced persons in Africa (2018), para. 17
- Paragraph text
- Recognizing the need to expand resettlement opportunities,
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (1994), para. 04
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- Conscious of the need for improvement in the economic and social infrastructure of the occupied territory and in the living conditions of the Palestinian people,
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (1997), para. 04
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- Conscious of the urgent need for improvement in the economic and social infrastructure of the occupied territory and the living conditions of the Palestinian people,
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (1998), para. 04
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- Conscious of the urgent need for improvement in the economic and social infrastructure of the occupied territory and the living conditions of the Palestinian people,
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (1999), para. 04
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- Conscious of the urgent need for improvement in the economic and social infrastructure of the occupied territory and the living conditions of the Palestinian people,
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (2000), para. 04
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- Conscious of the urgent need for improvement in the economic and social infrastructure of the occupied territory and the living conditions of the Palestinian people,
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (2001), para. 04
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- Conscious of the urgent need for improvement in the economic and social infrastructure of the occupied territory and the living conditions of the Palestinian people,
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (2002), para. 04
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- Conscious of the urgent need for improvement in the economic and social infrastructure of the occupied territory and the living conditions of the Palestinian people,
- Topic(s)
- Civil & Political Rights
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (2004), para. 25
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- 8. Urges Member States to open their markets to exports of Palestinian products on the most favourable terms, consistent with appropriate trading rules, and to implement fully existing trade and cooperation agreements;
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (2007), para. 31
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- 10. Urges Member States to open their markets to exports of Palestinian products on the most favourable terms, consistent with appropriate trading rules, and to implement fully existing trade and cooperation agreements;
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to the Palestinian people (2008), para. 33
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- 10. Urges Member States to open their markets to exports of Palestinian products on the most favourable terms, consistent with appropriate trading rules, and to implement fully existing trade and cooperation agreements;
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Banking on mobility over a generation: follow-up to the regional study on the management of the external borders of the European Union and its impact on the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 43
- Paragraph text
- Long periods of immigration detention can also lead to sustained barriers to migrants claiming their economic and social rights, even after having been released. UNHCR research suggests that detention disempowers migrants who are often keen to work. A sustained absence from the labour market and the emotional and mental toll of detention can lead to migrants becoming unnecessarily dependent on State-provided support.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Banking on mobility over a generation: follow-up to the regional study on the management of the external borders of the European Union and its impact on the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- The precarious routes to Europe discussed above are mixed migration channels, with economic migrants also risking their lives to seek opportunities because regular channels for migrant workers to the European Union do not exist. Some progress in opening up economic migration channels has been made through the development of the Blue Card system and the seasonal workers directive. However, use of the Blue Card among European Union member States is low and sustained opportunities for low-skilled migrants are scant. In sectors where regulation is inadequate, such as domestic work, care, construction, agriculture and tourism, migrants in need of work but unable to get visas come irregularly and can become vulnerable to abuse, violence, restrictions on their freedom of movement and economic exploitation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Banking on mobility over a generation: follow-up to the regional study on the management of the external borders of the European Union and its impact on the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- While the relationship between irregular migration status and labour market abuses is complex, the former will tend to increase vulnerability to the latter. Undocumented workers, constrained by circumstances, will perform tasks at great financial, physical and psychological cost. Little attention has been given to the impact European Union labour market dynamics has on pull factors for irregular migration and the suffering of undocumented migrant workers in the European Union. While the human rights implications of using precarious sea routes have been highly visible, the suffering experienced by undocumented migrant workers inside the European Union is largely invisible.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Banking on mobility over a generation: follow-up to the regional study on the management of the external borders of the European Union and its impact on the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- Migrant workers trying to survive in Europe often find themselves subject to racism and xenophobia. Labour market-related abuses and xenophobia within the overall population are mutually reinforcing. It has been reported that employers do not employ even highly skilled foreign workers and that there is a failure to maximize the potential of migrant workers within the European Union, with many migrants underperforming in the labour market relative to their education, in part because of xenophobic attitudes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Banking on mobility over a generation: follow-up to the regional study on the management of the external borders of the European Union and its impact on the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- Applying the European Union's core values to policies that are based on fact rather than fiction leads to migration policies that facilitate mobility and celebrate diversity. The long-term development of the human rights-based framework discussed above will become increasingly vital to the Union's internal and external interests. Over the next 25 years, Europe will undergo large-scale demographic, societal and labour market changes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Banking on mobility over a generation: follow-up to the regional study on the management of the external borders of the European Union and its impact on the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- Another reason for adopting a human rights-based approach is the European Union's need to remain globally competitive. The World Economic Forum has noted diverging trends between European countries, with some, such as Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom, being among the top-10 most competitive economies in the world, and others lagging behind. The highest-ranking European Union country was Germany, in fifth place, and the lowest-ranking was Greece, in eighty-first place. There is currently a low level of highly skilled labour migration from non-European Union countries to most member States owing to barriers to legal access and an informal reluctance by employers to hire from outside the region. This demonstrates how an approach defined by an emphasis on security can permeate all dimensions of migration.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Banking on mobility over a generation: follow-up to the regional study on the management of the external borders of the European Union and its impact on the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- The benefits of this rethinking and of the European Union taking a leadership role go far beyond the fulfilment of normative commitments. Fact-based economic analyses have tended to conclude that migrants contribute to economic growth and productivity. As Europe changes over the next generation, extending mobility to those outside its borders will allow European Union member States to reap opportunities for peace, security and sustainable development both within and outside the Union.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Banking on mobility over a generation: follow-up to the regional study on the management of the external borders of the European Union and its impact on the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 95
- Paragraph text
- [To the European Union and its member States] Invest in filling data gaps - such as those around underground labour markets, labour exploitation of migrants, deaths at sea and push and pull factors - to develop evidence-based policies. In addition, increase harmonization and coordination in respect of migration data sources to develop a systemic picture.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph