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A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- While in many cases, non-camp IDPs living in impoverished urban environments have many needs in common with others living in these environments, they also have specific needs and should be part of assistance programmes, and political and durable solutions strategies to address internal displacement in the country. This process may include, but is nonetheless distinct from the general socio-economic and development challenges related to urban poverty. Failing to recognize this often results in a "policy by default" which only treats IDPs within the wider, and often intractable problem of the urban poor. The Special Rapporteur believes that a combined approach, which includes community-based approaches and punctual IDP specific interventions is necessary in most contexts - in order to address IDP specific needs, constraints, human rights concerns and durable solutions, while taking into account the wider host community needs. Moreover, such an approach prevents harm through the exacerbation of poverty resulting from the neglect of specific IDP needs and solutions to their displacement. Assisting IDPs, particularly when combined with support to host communities, can reduce overcrowding, joblessness, poverty, homelessness and consolidate peace and reconstruction efforts, for the benefit of IDPs and the city as a whole.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- Tensions may also arise due to perceptions by host communities that their own needs are being neglected or that IDPs are receiving preferential treatment. A recent study in two urban neighbourhoods in Bogota, Colombia, found tensions between host communities and IDPs, due largely to IDPs being regarded as receiving preferential treatment in a context of widespread urban poverty. In Guinea, host communities struggling to rebuild after attacks on their community, became increasingly vulnerable as they shared meagre resources with IDPs. While some of these challenges can also arise in the context of IDP camps, IDPs who live within the community will be especially affected given their level of dependency on informal community support. In this respect, a greater focus on assisting host communities in tandem with IDP assistance in order to prevent tensions, inequalities or the increasing vulnerability of hosts is a challenge for both development and humanitarian actors.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A more systematized and equitable response to internally displaced persons outside camps 2012, para. 59 F
- Paragraph text
- [In view of the above, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] Promote awareness-raising with regard to the specific role and responsibilities, and the support and obstacles which municipal and provincial authorities may face in the protection and assistance of IDPs outside camps. In particular, collect information on structural, political and economic or budgetary factors affecting their response, both with regard to the provision of humanitarian assistance and to durable solutions such as local integration. Promote better understanding and capacity-building at the level of local authorities, with a view to: protecting the human rights of IDPs living within their communities (e.g. through non-discrimination, equal access to services); developing and/or implementing IDP-specific assistance and protection programmes, and community based approaches; facilitating durable solutions; and including IDPs outside camps in poverty reduction and local development plans;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
A world fit for children 2002, para. 44.11
- Paragraph text
- [To achieve these goals, we will implement the following strategies and actions:] Adopt and implement policies for the prevention, protection, rehabilitation and reintegration, as appropriate, of children living in disadvantaged social situations and who are at risk, including orphans, abandoned children, children of migrant workers, children working and/or living on the street and children living in extreme poverty, and ensure their access to education, health, and social services as appropriate.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2002
Paragraph
Access to justice and the right to food: the way forward 2015, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- Access to public information in relation to the adoption of new laws or amendments to existing legislation is crucial for ensuring justiciability. States are obliged to ensure that this information is made readily available and easily accessible for everyone without discrimination. Particular effort should be made to disseminate information in a format that is user-appropriate, taking into consideration the individual needs of persons with disabilities, and those with low levels of literacy. Migrants and minority groups should not be prevented from accessing information owing to linguistic barriers, and materials should be adapted accordingly. Logistical and financial barriers should also be addressed by taking into consideration the difficulties faced by those living in remote rural areas and those living in poverty.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Access to justice and the right to food: the way forward 2015, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- Development-induced displacement is an increasingly widespread phenomenon with devastating impact. An estimated 15 million people each year are forced to relocate and resettle as a result of such interventions. Despite some of the more recent efforts to highlight land dispossession, as yet global institutions have been unable to discourage the practices and processes that undermine land rights, prevent equitable access and establish the context for large and small-scale displacements. The expanding mining sector has contributed to strong economic growth in some countries, with mining and oil concessions dramatically increasing in countries. The industry has however also generated social conflict in many States, particularly in rural areas, with mining activities coming into direct competition with small-scale agriculture. Indigenous peoples are particularly vulnerable as they are often forced to leave their land and sources of livelihood. A lack of engagement and opportunities for participation in decisions that affect their lives has left many communities in situations of dire poverty and without access to adequate food and nutrition.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2015
Paragraph
Access to justice for people living in poverty 2012, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- Certain groups that suffer from structural discrimination and exclusion and are disproportionately represented among the poor, particularly ethnic and racial minorities, migrants and indigenous peoples, encounter additional barriers to accessing justice. Those difficulties are multiplied for women living in poverty, who experience compounded discrimination and disempowerment, not to mention financial constraints. Therefore, across different contexts, women living in poverty experience particular difficulties in accessing justice mechanisms and winning judicial recognition, action and enforcement for crimes, discrimination and human rights violations they are disproportionately subject to. Children are often denied the due process guarantees that they are entitled to on the same basis as adults, as well as additional protections that are necessary, in particular when they are particularly deprived or marginalized.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Access to justice for people living in poverty 2012, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- Persons living in poverty may choose not to seek justice because they fear reprisal or sanction from more powerful actors within or outside their community, or fear being stigmatized or discriminated against. Having experienced discrimination and abuse at the hands of the police and other authorities throughout their lives, people living in poverty are often averse to relying upon formal legal processes for fear of being subject to further exploitation or corruption, or of receiving an unjust outcome. Certain groups, such as ethnic minorities, indigenous peoples or irregular migrants, may be reluctant to engage with the justice system owing to concerns relating to the respect of their own values or owing to their immigration status.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Access to justice for people living in poverty 2012, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- Often, there is no mechanism in place to review social policies or administrative decisions that have a major impact on the enjoyment of their rights by persons living in poverty. The lack of remedies for the negative impacts of social policy in the areas of health, housing, education and social security, or for administrative decisions relating to welfare benefits or asylum proceedings, often results in inability to seek redress in cases of violations of key human rights, such as the right to equality and non-discrimination and the right to social security. This is a major obstacle to accessing justice for persons living in poverty, who are disproportionately affected by those policies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Access to justice for people living in poverty 2012, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- Lack of legal aid for civil matters can seriously prejudice the rights and interests of persons living in poverty, for example when they are unable to contest tenancy disputes, eviction decisions, immigration or asylum proceedings, eligibility for social security benefits, abusive working conditions, discrimination in the workplace or child custody decisions. Indeed, exclusion of certain categories of claims from the scope of free legal aid, such as housing or immigration proceedings, or exclusion from representation before quasi-judicial tribunals, such as welfare or employment appeal boards, discriminates against the poor. Moreover, the legal processes which relate to such civil matters are often extremely complex and their requirements onerous, creating insurmountable obstacles for those without the assistance of a lawyer, particularly if the State or other party enjoys such assistance. This is particularly troubling with respect to civil matters involving the most vulnerable groups, such as indigenous peoples, persons with disabilities and ethnic minorities, who often face serious deprivations and violations of their rights, and lack the means or ability to contest them.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Access to justice for people living in poverty 2012, para. 95
- Paragraph text
- Given the great diversity of social contexts, there is no "one size fits all" solution for ensuring access to justice for persons living in poverty. Differing national and local contexts create a variety of challenges and opportunities for reform that must be taken into account. Success in all contexts, however, will share the features of a human rights-based approach. Solutions require tackling not only legal obstacles but also a range of extralegal factors: social, economic, cultural, linguistic, etc. Solutions must be sought at local levels, designed and implemented with the active participation of the communities affected. Therefore, policymakers and legal authorities should have a specific contextual understanding of local legal institutions and the variety of obstacles on the ground that impede access to justice by persons living in poverty, and implement multidimensional solutions that can strengthen their agency and ensure their enjoyment of their rights. Special attention must be paid to women and groups that are particularly excluded, such as indigenous peoples, older persons and migrants. With this in mind, States must take immediate and effective action to ensure that persons living in poverty are not denied enjoyment of their human rights because of insurmountable obstacles which prevent them from accessing the justice system. To this end, the Special Rapporteur wishes to present the following recommendations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Some urban areas, such as in Darfur, have grown expansively, thereby enveloping camps for internally displaced persons that were originally located away from the areas in question. Elsewhere, such as in Port-au-Prince, some internally displaced persons live in urban settlements for the displaced that are joined with poor urban informal settlements. In other instances, it is common to find urban internally displaced persons in unused public buildings or on unused public land, in rented private buildings living invisibly within host communities or in host families. Their living conditions in urban areas are often precarious and, regularly along with the urban poor, they often live in urban parts or peripheries that are not connected to basic services and far from livelihood opportunities, where transportation is not affordable for them or does not exist. A study carried out by UNHCR and the World Bank on Afghanistan showed that only one third of the internally displaced persons surveyed had access to electricity, adequate supplies and sanitation facilities. In Kabul, informal settlements for internally displaced persons are not protected against the harsh weather conditions, which caused the deaths of several children during the winter of 2012.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- The impacts of crises on urban contexts lead to combining factors such as the deterioration of urban living conditions, spatial disorganization, the loss of social structure, administrative deregulation or institutional instability. Urban displacement regularly results in a significant increase in the urban population. This normally causes fear or actual situations of overstretched basic services, such as health centres or schools, especially where service provision was limited or insufficient before displacement or if conflicts or disasters have damaged the infrastructure. Similar fears or realities hold true where natural resources, such as water, are scarce or where urban unemployment rates are high. This underlines the importance of considering the situation of internally displaced persons and other displacement-affected communities in urban areas in finding durable solutions that allow both similar and distinct needs of internally displaced persons to be met.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons in urban settings 2014, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- In areas of informal settlements in which extreme poverty and lack of access to basic services prevail, host communities and their leaders have a crucial role to play. They were present before the natural disaster or conflict and will remain once all international actors leave. Durable solutions for internally displaced persons living side by side with other groups in those areas can therefore be reached effectively only with the participation of the community as a whole and community leaders in particular. Oversight by the local authorities in such processes is, however, key to avoiding the tensions and power struggles that often affect groups of internally displaced persons. The capacity of community representatives and local authorities should therefore be built around the common good, i.e. improving living conditions and access to services, reducing the risks for those particularly affected and promoting durable solutions. If their capacity is strengthened, local actors, communities, internally displaced persons and the urban poor in general become less vulnerable to power struggles between political leaders, gangs and large-scale development promoters and therefore increase their protection against urban violence, corruption and real estate speculation. This also presupposes engagement with a wide variety of stakeholders, such as the private sector, which can have a key impact on the reduction of poverty and development of the capacity for internally displaced persons to search for durable solutions, including through access to livelihood.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living (2010), para. 06
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- Concerned that any deterioration in the general housing situation disproportionally affects persons living in conditions of poverty, low-income earners, women, children, persons belonging to minorities and indigenous peoples, migrants, the elderly and persons with disabilities,
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
Paragraph
Adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living 2010, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- Concerned that any deterioration in the general housing situation disproportionally affects persons living in conditions of poverty, low-income earners, women, children, persons belonging to minorities and indigenous peoples, migrants, the elderly and persons with disabilities,
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living 2014, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Deeply concerned also that any deterioration in the general housing situation disproportionately affects persons living in conditions of poverty, low-income earners, women, children, persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities and indigenous peoples, migrants, internally displaced persons, tenants, the elderly, persons with disabilities and other persons belonging to marginalized groups or persons belonging to groups in vulnerable situations, and that tenure insecurity per se might result in discrimination and further exclusion, particularly social and economic exclusion,
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
Paragraph
Adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living in the context of disaster settings 2012, para. 6
- Paragraph text
- Concerned that any deterioration in the general housing situation disproportionately affects persons living in conditions of poverty, low-income earners, women, children, persons belonging to minorities and indigenous peoples, migrants, internally displaced persons, tenants, the elderly and persons with disabilities, and increases the need for them to be supported against extreme natural disasters,
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2012
Paragraph
Adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, and the right to non-discrimination in this context 2016, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- Recalling the Global Housing Strategy of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, the principles on housing and property restitution for refugees and displaced persons, the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security, and the guiding principles on security of tenure for the urban poor, as laid out in the report of the Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, and on the right to non-discrimination in this context,
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2016
Paragraph
Adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, in the context of mega-events 2010, para. 5
- Paragraph text
- Concerned that any deterioration in the general housing situation disproportionally affects persons living in conditions of poverty, low-income earners, women, children, persons belonging to minorities and indigenous peoples, migrants, the elderly and persons with disabilities,
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2010
Paragraph
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- A variety of rental sub-markets exists, including rooms in inner city tenements, custom-built tenements, rooms in informal settlements, renting land and building rental units to let or building units in the backyard of dwellings. The trend is particularly noticeable in Latin America, where informal owners enlarge their homes to house tenants in order to rise their incomes. In Sub-Saharan Africa, taking in lodgers within the existing structure is common in several countries. The transformation of Government-built housing to include rental units is widespread in Northern Africa as well as Sub-Saharan Africa. In Asia, informal rental ranges from unlicensed high-rise buildings that accommodate migrant workers in the "urban villages" of China to rented plots in some Indian and Thai cities where tenants build their own shelter. Most of those options - ignored by regulations - offer very precarious conditions to tenants.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Year
- 2013
Paragraph
Assistance to refugees, returnees and displaced persons in Africa (1995), para. 16
- Paragraph text
- Deeply concerned also about the serious consequences of the presence of refugees and externally displaced persons for the already difficult economic and social situation in Djibouti, which is suffering from prolonged drought and the negative effects of the critical situation in the Horn of Africa,
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to refugees, returnees and displaced persons in Africa (1995), para. 19
- Paragraph text
- Aware that the refugee population in the refugee camps throughout Djibouti is in a precarious situation, facing the threat of famine, malnutrition and disease, and that it needs adequate external assistance for the provision of foodstuff, medical assistance and the necessary infrastructure for shelter,
- Topic(s)
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to refugees, returnees and displaced persons in Africa (1995), para. 48
- Paragraph text
- Convinced that, because of the serious economic situation arising from the effects of persistent drought in southern Africa and the impact on some countries in the region of having hosted large numbers of refugees, there is a continuing need for the international community to extend maximum and concerted assistance to the southern African countries sheltering refugees, returnees and displaced persons,
- Topic(s)
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to survivors of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, particularly orphans, widows and victims of sexual violence (2005), para. 12
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- 3. Invites agencies, funds and programmes of the United Nations system to ensure that assistance is provided in the specific areas identified as priorities by the Government of Rwanda, notably education for orphans, medical care and treatment for victims of sexual violence, including HIV-positive victims, trauma and psychological counselling for genocide survivors and skills training and microcredit programmes aimed at promoting self-sufficiency and alleviating poverty;
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to survivors of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, particularly orphans, widows and victims of sexual violence (2008), para. 11
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- 1. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to encourage the relevant agencies, funds and programmes of the United Nations system to implement resolution 59/137 expeditiously, inter alia, by providing assistance in the areas of education for orphans, medical care and treatment for victims of sexual violence, including HIV-positive victims, trauma and psychological counselling, and skills training and microcredit programmes aimed at promoting self-sufficiency and alleviating poverty;
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to survivors of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, particularly orphans, widows and victims of sexual violence (2010), para. 12
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- 1. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to encourage the relevant agencies, funds and programmes of the United Nations system to implement resolution 59/137 expeditiously, inter alia, by providing assistance in the areas of education for orphans, medical care and treatment for victims of sexual violence, including HIV-positive victims, trauma and psychological counselling, and skills training and microcredit programmes aimed at promoting self-sufficiency and alleviating poverty;
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Assistance to survivors of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, particularly orphans, widows and victims of sexual violence (2014), para. 13
- Original document
- Paragraph text
- 2. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to encourage the relevant agencies, funds and programmes of the United Nations system to implement resolution 59/137 expeditiously, inter alia, by providing assistance in the areas of education for orphans, medical care and treatment for victims of sexual violence, including HIV-positive victims, trauma and psychological counselling, and skills training and microcredit programmes aimed at promoting self-sufficiency and alleviating poverty;
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- More than 1 billion people in the world today, the great majority of whom are women, live in unacceptable conditions of poverty, mostly in the developing countries. Poverty has various causes, including structural ones. Poverty is a complex, multidimensional problem, with origins in both the national and international domains. The globalization of the world's economy and the deepening interdependence among nations present challenges and opportunities for sustained economic growth and development, as well as risks and uncertainties for the future of the world economy. The uncertain global economic climate has been accompanied by economic restructuring as well as, in a certain number of countries, persistent, unmanageable levels of external debt and structural adjustment programmes. In addition, all types of conflict, displacement of people and environmental degradation have undermined the capacity of Governments to meet the basic needs of their populations. Transformations in the world economy are profoundly changing the parameters of social development in all countries. One significant trend has been the increased poverty of women, the extent of which varies from region to region. The gender disparities in economic power-sharing are also an important contributing factor to the poverty of women. Migration and consequent changes in family structures have placed additional burdens on women, especially those who provide for several dependants. Macroeconomic policies need rethinking and reformulation to address such trends. These policies focus almost exclusively on the formal sector. They also tend to impede the initiatives of women and fail to consider the differential impact on women and men. The application of gender analysis to a wide range of policies and programmes is therefore critical to poverty reduction strategies. In order to eradicate poverty and achieve sustainable development women and men must participate fully and equally in the formulation of macroeconomic and social policies and strategies for the eradication of poverty. The eradication of poverty cannot be accomplished through anti-poverty programmes alone but will require democratic participation and changes in economic structures in order to ensure access for all women to resources, opportunities and public services. Poverty has various manifestations, including lack of income and productive resources sufficient to ensure a sustainable livelihood; hunger and malnutrition; ill health; limited or lack of access to education and other basic services; increasing morbidity and mortality from illness; homelessness and inadequate housing; unsafe environments; and social discrimination and exclusion. It is also characterized by lack of participation in decision-making and in civil, social and cultural life. It occurs in all countries - as mass poverty in many developing countries and as pockets of poverty amidst wealth in developed countries. Poverty may be caused by an economic recession that results in loss of livelihood or by disaster or conflict. There is also the poverty of low-wage workers and the utter destitution of people who fall outside family support systems, social institutions and safety nets.
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 58k
- Paragraph text
- [By Governments:] Ensure the full realization of the human rights of all women migrants, including women migrant workers, and their protection against violence and exploitation; introduce measures for the empowerment of documented women migrants, including women migrant workers; facilitate the productive employment of documented migrant women through greater recognition of their skills, foreign education and credentials, and facilitate their full integration into the labour force;
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1995
Paragraph