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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 23 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Many girls and young women with disabilities do not have access to information and education about sexual and reproductive health and rights and related services. Several studies found that youth with disabilities, especially girls and young women with intellectual disabilities, have low levels of sexuality education and sexual and reproductive health and rights knowledge, including information with regard to the prevention and transmission of HIV. The lack of inclusive education prevents girls and young women with disabilities from accessing comprehensive sexuality education, as those programmes are usually not available in special education settings. In addition, comprehensive sexuality education is not always delivered in accessible formats and alternative languages, and very often it does not address disability-specific needs. Stigma and stereotypes about female sexuality can also lead to the exclusion of girls and young women with disabilities from existing comprehensive sexuality education programmes by their parents, guardians and teachers. There is a general lack of guidance for families and teachers on how to talk about sexuality and equality with girls and young women with disabilities. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 63 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Special Rapporteur recommends that the United Nations, including all its programmes, funds and specialized agencies, adequately consider the sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities in all its work, including when assisting States in the implementation of mainstream policies and programmes. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 62m | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to States:] Mobilize resources within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals and invest in inclusive programmes that increase the access of girls and young women with disabilities to sexual and reproductive health and rights. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 62l | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to States:] Collect information, including statistical and research data, on the sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities, including with regard to harmful practices and all forms of violence, disaggregated by sex, age and disability; | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 62j | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to States:] Support families, including through the provision of information, education and services, in strengthening their ability to understand and address the sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities, free from stigma and stereotypes; | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 62i | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to States:] Implement awareness-raising programmes designed to change the societal perception of the sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities and end all forms of violence against them, including forced sterilization, forced abortion and forced contraception; | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 62d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to States:] Ensure that sexual and reproductive health services are respectful of the rights of girls and young women with disabilities, including their right to non-discrimination, informed consent prior to being subjected to any medical treatment, privacy and freedom from torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment; | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 62c | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to States:] Mainstream the rights of girls and young women with disabilities in all sexual and reproductive health and rights strategies and action plans to ensure that all sexual and reproductive health information, goods and services are accessible and age-, gender- and disability-sensitive; | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 32 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | There is a worrisome and growing number of cases of surgical procedures and hormonal treatments intended to inhibit the growth of girls and young women with severe impairments. Hysterectomy, for example, is regarded as an effective way to avoid menstruation management,42 and it is justified on the discriminatory presumption that girls and young women with disabilities cannot handle the pain, discomfort and trauma of menstruation — an argument not applicable to girls and women without disabilities. Oestrogen treatment is also being increasingly administered for “growth-attenuation therapy”, aiming to inhibit girls’ entry into puberty and reduce their final height and weight in order to facilitate care. Those practices constitute gross human rights violations that go well beyond patronizing and infantilizing; they prioritize the interests of caregivers to the detriment and denial of a person’s dignity and integrity. As the Committee on the Rights of the Child has emphasized, the interpretation of a child’s best interests cannot be used to justify practices that conflict with the child’s human dignity and right to physical integrity. Stunting a girl’s growth does not represent, by any means, an appropriate response to the lack of support that families may encounter in providing assistance to their girls with disabilities. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 30 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | While United Nations human rights instruments, mechanisms and agencies have recognized that the forced sterilization of persons with disabilities constitutes discrimination, a form of violence, torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, the practice is still legal and applied in many countries. Across the globe, many legal systems allow judges, health-care professionals, family members and guardians to consent to sterilization procedures on behalf of persons with disabilities as being in their “best interest”, particularly for girls with disabilities who are under the legal authority of their parents. The practices are often conducted on a purported precautionary basis because of the vulnerability of girls and young women with disabilities to sexual abuse, and under the fallacy that sterilization would enable girls and young women with disabilities who are “deemed unfit for parenthood” to improve their quality of life without the “burden” of a pregnancy. However, sterilization neither protects them against sexual violence or abuse nor removes the State’s obligation to protect them from such abuse. Forced sterilization is an unacceptable practice with lifelong consequences on the physical and mental integrity of girls and young women with disabilities that must be immediately eradicated and criminalized. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 19 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Stereotypes based on gender and disability often lead to structural or systemic discrimination against women with disabilities, in particular when exercising their sexual and reproductive health and rights. Stigma and misconceptions about disability and sexuality can have a profound negative impact on their lives and can lead to their disempowerment and infantilization. The nature of the prejudice experienced affects their self-esteem, making them feel insecure and socially isolated. Girls and young women with disabilities are neither seen to be in need of information about their sexual and reproductive health and rights and available services, nor seen as competent to make decisions about their sexual and reproductive lives. Moreover, as many girls and young women with more severe impairments live at home or in institutions, often completely dependent on or controlled by others, they are denied the full exercise of their autonomy and privacy, whether that is intentional or not. Consequently, many girls and young women with disabilities lack the basic knowledge and support required to protect themselves from sexual abuse, unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, and are not equipped to make informed decisions about their own bodies, health and lives. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 8 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Furthermore, girls and young women with disabilities are, almost without exception, prevented from making autonomous decisions with regard to their reproductive and sexual health, which can result in highly discriminatory and harmful practices, as discussed in section III below. Many of those practices occur in institutions, as girls and young women with disabilities are more likely to be institutionalized. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
The right of persons with disabilities to participate in decision-making 2016, para. 72 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | As women and girls with disabilities are at a higher risk of facing multiple forms of discrimination, States must pay special attention to guaranteeing their right to participate actively and directly in all decision-making processes affecting their lives. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 33 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Girls with disabilities are also likely to be proposed for marriage in regions and communities where child marriage occurs. Indeed, families are more prone to force girls with disabilities into marriage because they see it as a way to ensure long-term security and protection for their children. In addition, the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities has strongly condemned the practice of female genital mutilation affecting girls and women with disabilities in a number of countries. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 62k | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to States:] Adopt strategies to ensure the direct participation of girls and young women with disabilities in all processes of public decision-making related to sexual and reproductive health and rights, including the development of legislative or policy measures regarding sexual and gender-based violence and other forms of abuse, and guarantee that such participation is conducted in a safe environment with age- and disability-appropriate support; | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 62b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to States:] Prohibit by law the forced sterilization of girls and young women with disabilities, as well as other compulsory or involuntary practices affecting their sexual and reproductive health and rights, and ensure adequate procedural safeguards to protect their right to free and informed consent; | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 62a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations to States:] Recognize by law the sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities, and remove all legal barriers that prevent them from accessing sexual and reproductive health information, goods and services, including legislation that limits their right to make autonomous decisions; | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 38 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States can take a number of measures to improve sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities, including by reviewing their legal and policy frameworks; taking concrete measures in the areas of education and information, access to justice, accessibility, non-discrimination and participation; and by allocating specific budgets for their implementation. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
The right of persons with disabilities to participate in decision-making 2016, para. 59 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States should reach out directly to women and girls with disabilities, especially when cultural and social backgrounds make it unsafe for them to participate in open consultations. States must also establish adequate measures to guarantee that the perspectives of women and girls with disabilities are fully taken into account and that they will not suffer any reprisals for expressing their viewpoints and concerns, especially in relation to sexual and reproductive rights, gender-based violence and sexual violence. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 61 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The lack of attention to the above-mentioned situations puts those girls and women in grave danger. States have the power to stop that from happening by establishing legal and policy frameworks that recognize and protect the sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities by ending all involuntary and harmful practices affecting them. Moreover, States must support the process of empowerment of those young women and girls to enable them to make autonomous decisions about their sexual and reproductive lives. The attitudes and practices of health-care professionals, service providers, teachers and families must also be revised in line with international human rights standards, as in many cases their responses limit the full enjoyment of rights by girls and young women with disabilities. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 60 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Girls and young women with disabilities have the same sexual and reproductive health and rights as other girls and young women. However they encounter significant obstacles in exercising and accessing those rights, including stigma and stereotypes, restrictive legislation and a lack of child- and disability-appropriate information and services. Moreover, poverty and/or social exclusion deprive them of the necessary knowledge to develop healthy relationships and increase the risk of sexual abuse, sexually transmitted diseases, unintended pregnancies and harmful practices. Grave human rights violations such as forced sterilization, forced abortion and forced contraception are frequent, and the violence experienced by girls and young women with disabilities remains largely invisible. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 59 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Sustainable Development Goals, which contain specific targets and references to sexual and reproductive health and rights and to persons with disabilities, constitute an excellent opportunity to achieve a coordinated engagement of international donors to advance the sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities. According to article 32, paragraph 1 (a), of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, international donors must ensure that all international cooperation, including international development programmes in the area of sexual and reproductive health and rights, is inclusive of and fully accessible to persons with disabilities. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 58 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States have an obligation to take immediate steps to the maximum of their available resources, including those made available through international cooperation, to ensure that girls and young women with disabilities can fully exercise their sexual and reproductive rights and access quality sexual and reproductive health services. Government plans and budgets must incorporate sexual and reproductive health and rights policies and strategies and consider the particular needs of girls and young women with disabilities. Participatory budgeting processes and earmarked funds can help expand the allocation of public funds in that area. States should regularly monitor whether or not the resources available were used to progressively achieve the full realization of the sexual and reproductive health rights of girls and young women with disabilities. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 57 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The Sustainable Development Goals, which call for a significant increase in the availability of high-quality, timely and reliable data disaggregated by, inter alia, gender, age and disability (Goal 17), represent a unique opportunity to collect better data related to the sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities. The short set of six questions on disability formulated by the Washington Group on Disability Statistics provides a well-tested method for disability data disaggregation in national censuses and surveys, including household and demographic and health surveys. In addition, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the Washington Group on Disability Statistics have developed a module on child functioning, which covers children between the ages of 2 and 17 that can be incorporated into existing data collection efforts. The module is included in the current round of the UNICEF-supported multiple indicator cluster survey that will be implemented in more than 35 low- and middle-income countries during the next three years. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 56 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States must collect appropriate information, including statistical and research data, to formulate and implement disability-inclusive sexual and reproductive health and rights policies and programmes and monitor and evaluate progress in promoting and protecting the rights of girls and young women with disabilities. The lack of reliable and comparable statistical data on sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities is alarming, particularly in middle- and low-income countries. Academic literature on the sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls with disabilities is also scant and tends to focus on self-reported experiences and challenges rather than on positive interventions. In this regard, the Special Rapporteur welcomes the upcoming United Nations Population Fund global study on the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young people with disabilities, which will also cover gender-based violence. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 54 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States must consult and involve children with disabilities, including girls and adolescents, in the implementation of sexual and reproductive health and rights as provided by articles 4, paragraph 3, and 7 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. It is crucial that girls and young women with disabilities be consulted, as they are the experts on their own lives. Girls and young women with disabilities, even the youngest, have the right to participate in policymaking, so they must be provided with disability- and age-appropriate support. Plan International has developed guidelines for consulting with children and young people with disabilities that contain practical suggestions on the matter. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 52 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States have an obligation to provide access to sexual and reproductive health and rights services to all girls and young women with disabilities without discrimination. States must therefore eliminate discrimination against girls and young women with disabilities in law, policy and practice; ensure child- and gender-sensitive policies and programmes; and prohibit all forms of discrimination in the provision of those services. Moreover, States need to take measures to provide disability- and age-appropriate support and reasonable accommodation to girls and young women with disabilities so that they can access and enjoy those services and facilities on an equal basis with others. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 51 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States must ensure that all information and communication pertaining to sexual and reproductive health and rights are accessible to persons with disabilities, including through sign language, Braille, accessible electronic formats, alternative script, easy-to-read formats, and augmentative and alternative modes, means and formats of communication.64 For instance, call centres to report cases of gender-based violence must be accessible to deaf and hard-of-hearing girls and women through text messaging or other alternative methods. For example, Illinois Imagines has developed guides and other materials for rape crisis centres, disability service agencies and self-advocates that include guidance for prevention education programmes and picture guides about sexual assault exams and the rights of sexual violence survivors. The University of Tartu in Estonia has provided training for teachers on how to deliver comprehensive sexuality education in plain language so that children with intellectual disabilities can benefit equally from the lessons. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 50 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States must ensure the full accessibility of all sexual and reproductive health and rights information and services. All public and private facilities and services open or provided to the public, including gynaecological and obstetric services, must take into account all aspects of accessibility for women with disabilities, including accessibility with regard to infrastructure, equipment and information and communications. Transport to reach those services must be accessible, as otherwise girls and young women with disabilities will continue to be obstructed from enjoying and exercising their sexual and reproductive health rights in practice. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2017 | ||
Sexual and reproductive health and rights of girls and young women with disabilities 2017, para. 48 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | States need to take all appropriate legislative, administrative and other measures necessary to ensure the provision of procedural and age-appropriate accommodations for girls and young women with disabilities, which is essential to enabling their effective direct and indirect participation, including as witnesses, in all legal proceedings, from investigative and other preliminary stages to court hearings. All protection services must be age-, gender- and disability-sensitive. For instance, the Kenya Association for the Intellectually Handicapped provides training to law enforcement officials, health personnel and service providers on the provision of reasonable and procedural accommodations to persons with intellectual disabilities and on respect for their personal autonomy. | Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities | Special Procedures' report |
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