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Title | Date added | Template | Original document | Paragraph text | Body | Document type | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 68b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [All States, whether a source, transit or destination country of women and girls trafficked for sexual exploitation in conflict and-post conflict areas, should:] Prevent early marriages, whether in refugee/internally displaced persons camps or in the society of the host country; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 68a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [All States, whether a source, transit or destination country of women and girls trafficked for sexual exploitation in conflict and-post conflict areas, should:] Recognize and address the vulnerability of women and girls fleeing conflict to trafficking for sexual exploitation, whether in refugee/internally displaced persons camps or at the hands of the military, extremist groups or family members; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 66d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Ban administrative detention of children, in particular but not only for violations of immigration laws and regulations; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 66c | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Recognize the specific vulnerability of trafficked girls or potential victims of trafficking for sexual and labour exploitation in conflict and post-conflict situations and take measure to reduce the vulnerabilities; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 66b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Adopt proactive measures to protect children caught in conflict that are based on the best interest of the child and in line with international humanitarian, human rights and refugee law, when indications of child trafficking or risk of child trafficking are identified; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 64e | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:] Grant non-national victims of trafficking residence status and assistance, not to be made conditional on the initiation of criminal proceedings or their cooperation with law enforcement authorities; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 64d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:] Prevent and prosecute all forms of trafficking in persons for all purposes, including for temporary, forced and/or servile marriages; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 64a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:] Protect people, particularly children, women and minority groups in conflict-affected areas and people fleeing conflict, from all forms of trafficking in persons; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 56e | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Rights of victims of trafficking in armed conflict. Victims of trafficking are entitled to the same rights, due diligence protection and prevention against trafficking in persons by States whether in times of conflict or otherwise. These rights include:] Right to safe return/protection from retrafficking/protection from persecution. All victims of trafficking who are not residents of the country in which they find themselves are entitled to return to their country of origin. This right places an obligation on the part of the country of origin to receive its returning nationals without undue or unreasonable delay. The right to return also implies an obligation on the country of destination to permit those victims who wish to return to do so, again without undue or unreasonable delay. Detention of trafficked persons in shelters, prisons or immigration detention facilities is one way in which the right to return can be interfered with. International law supports a standard of safe and preferably voluntary return for trafficked persons, which implies, at a minimum, that steps are taken to ensure that victims are not at serious risk of retrafficking or persecution. The right to seek and claim asylum from persecution requires States to avoid returning victims to situations of persecution or risks of serious human rights violations. Issues around return are complicated by conflict. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 74a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [State contracting agencies of armed forces deployed in conflict and post-conflict areas, including in the context of peacekeeping operations, should:] Exercise due diligence when employing workers, including migrant workers, to provide goods and services and help to ensure that businesses operating in conflict and post-conflict areas are not involved in human rights abuses, including trafficking in persons for labour exploitation; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 73b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [All States, whether source, transit or destination countries of women and girls trafficked for sexual exploitation in conflict and post-conflict areas, should:] Prevent early marriages, whether in refugee/internally displaced persons camps or in the host country; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 73a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [All States, whether source, transit or destination countries of women and girls trafficked for sexual exploitation in conflict and post-conflict areas, should:] Recognize and address the vulnerability of women and girls fleeing conflict to the risk of trafficking for sexual exploitation, whether in refugee/internally displaced persons camps or at the hands of the military, extremist groups or family members; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 71d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Ban administrative detention of children, in particular, but not only, for violations of immigration laws and regulations; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 71c | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Recognize the specific vulnerability of trafficked girls or potential victims of trafficking for sexual and labour exploitation in conflict and post-conflict situations and take measures to reduce their vulnerabilities; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 71b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Adopt proactive measures to protect children caught in conflict that are based on the best interest of the child and in line with international humanitarian, human rights and refugee law, when indications of child trafficking or risk of child trafficking are identified; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 69i | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:Consider extending a number of protective measures, especially by providing assistance in securing employment, to people at risk of trafficking and exploitation; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 69e | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:Grant non-national victims of trafficking residence status and assistance, not to be made conditional on the initiation of criminal proceedings or their cooperation with law enforcement authorities; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 69d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:Prevent and prosecute all forms of trafficking in persons for all purposes, including for temporary, forced and/or servile marriages; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 69a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | All States, particularly those hosting potential victims of trafficking among persons fleeing conflict, should:Protect people, particularly children, women and minority groups in conflict-affected areas and people fleeing conflict, from all forms of trafficking in persons; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 23 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | After fleeing conflict, children may be compelled to work to sustain themselves and/or to support their families. Unaccompanied children often have no choice but to work to meet their basic needs. Iraqi and Syrian refugee children in Lebanon, for example, work in textile factories, construction, the food service industry, agricultural labour or as street vendors in conditions amounting to forced labour. Moreover, there appear to be organized systems within refugee camps for making these work arrangements. In Iraq and Lebanon, Syrian refugee children are trafficked for purposes of exploitation, including begging and selling items on the street. In May 2015, at least 1,500 children, 75 per cent of whom were Syrian, were reported as begging or working as street vendors in and around Beirut, working excessive hours to earn income for their families. These worst forms of child labour, which often mask other forms of exploitation, such as trafficking for forced labour and sexual exploitation, have negative consequences on children's health and education. Unaccompanied children from Afghanistan and the Sudan in refugee camps in Calais and Dunkirk in France are trafficked for sexual exploitation and forced to commit crimes, including stealing or selling drugs, by traffickers who promise them passage to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 22 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | The journey of female migrants and unaccompanied children is particularly hazardous. Thousands of such women and children have disappeared, presumably abducted for purposes of trafficking related exploitation. Sudanese and Somalian refugees and asylum seekers fleeing conflict, including numerous unaccompanied children, have been kidnapped or lured from refugee camps or while travelling, sold and subsequently held captive in Libya or in the Sinai desert for purposes of exploitation through extortion. People of the Rohingya Muslim minority fleeing persecution in Myanmar take maritime and overland journeys, often through Thailand, to reach Malaysia as irregular migrants. Initially smuggled across borders, some are subsequently trafficked to fishing boats and palm oil plantations, ending up in bonded labour to repay the debts incurred for their transport. Others are held captive and abused in Malaysia until ransom is paid by their relatives. Since 2011, an increased number of Syrian refugees have been trafficked for purposes of labour exploitation in the agricultural, industry, manufacturing, catering and informal sectors in Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey. Refugees living in such conditions are forced to accept exploitative practices such as longer working hours, lower salaries in exchange of meagre wages, inadequate shelter and other exploitative arrangements. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 19 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Conflict-related violence, such as sexual violence, can itself be a driver of forced internal displacement, which in turn increases vulnerability to further exploitation, including through trafficking. For instance, in Colombia, sexual violence by armed groups has forced ethnic minority women and girls in remote rural areas away from their communities and placed them at greater risk of trafficking within the country as well as overseas. Additionally in Myanmar, worsening security situations and overcrowded camps with inadequate basic services cause some internally displaced persons along the border between Kachin State and China to risk crossing borders into China in an irregular manner in search of employment, putting themselves at high risk of exploitation because of their lack of legal status. Military attacks on camps further worsen displacement and cause undocumented internally displaced persons, including women and unaccompanied children, to flee their camps, exposing them to the risk of being exploited or trafficked. In contexts such as South Sudan, the Sudan and the Syrian Arab Republic, parties to conflict took advantage of the vulnerability of displaced and refugee populations to recruit children and commit crimes, including sexual violence and abduction. Security forces in the Democratic Republic of Congo have trafficked displaced persons as forced labourers in mines. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 71b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The United Nations should:] Address labour exploitation by making all necessary efforts to ensure that, in conflict and post-conflict areas and including in the context of peacekeeping operations, all workers, including migrant workers, employed by State and non-State military actors, their contractors and subcontractors are employed in decent conditions of work, and establish a zero-tolerance policy towards violations of those workers' fundamental rights. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 69d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [State contracting agencies of armed forces deployed in conflict and post-conflict areas, including in the context of peacekeeping operations, should:] Require and ensure that private individuals or companies they have contracted or subcontracted protect the rights of workers, including migrant workers and refugees, and provide decent working and living conditions to workers, including safeguarding their right to return and their freedom of assembly and association; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 69a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [State contracting agencies of armed forces deployed in conflict and post-conflict areas, including in the context of peacekeeping operations, should:] Exercise due diligence when employing workers, including migrant workers, to provide goods and services and must help ensure that businesses operating in conflict and post-conflict areas are not involved in human rights abuses, including trafficking in persons for labour exploitation; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 66a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Prevent trafficking in persons, especially targeting unaccompanied children such as orphans, children left behind by parents fleeing conflict and children moving alone to flee conflict areas, in cooperation with national civil society organizations, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 76b | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [The United Nations should:] Address labour exploitation by making all necessary efforts to ensure that, in conflict and post-conflict areas, including in the context of peacekeeping operations, all workers, including migrant workers, employed by State and non-State military actors, their contractors and subcontractors are employed under decent conditions of work, and establish a zero-tolerance policy towards violations of their fundamental rights. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 74d | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [State contracting agencies of armed forces deployed in conflict and post-conflict areas, including in the context of peacekeeping operations, should:] Require and ensure that private individuals or companies they have contracted or subcontracted protect the rights of workers, including migrant workers and refugees, and provide decent working and living conditions to workers, including safeguarding their right to return and their freedom of assembly and association; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 71a | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [States hosting, among persons fleeing conflict, children who may have been or are at risk of being victims of trafficking in persons should:] Prevent trafficking in persons, especially targeting isolated children such as orphans, children left behind by parents fleeing conflict, children moving alone to flee conflict areas or those in camps, in cooperation with civil society organizations, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations; | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 | ||
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 72g | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | [Concerned governmental institutions, law enforcement authorities, civil society organizations, academia, United Nations agencies and programmes and international organizations should undertake further research on the different forms of trafficking in persons in relation to conflict and post-conflict situations, including on:] Early identification of cases of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, in the context of massive influxes of migrants as a result of conflict. | Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children | Special Procedures' report |
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| 2016 |