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Title | Date added | Template | Body | Legal status | Document type | Year | Document code | Original document | Paragraph text | Thematics | Topic(s) | Person(s) affected | Year |
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Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2013 | A/68/289 | ||||||
Centrality of the right to adequate housing for the development and implementation of the New Urban Agenda to be adopted at Habitat III in October 2016 | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2015 | A/70/270 | ||||||
Financialization of housing and the right to adequate housing | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2017 | A/HRC/34/51 | ||||||
Post conflict and post disaster reconstruction and the right to adequate housing | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2011 | A/HRC/16/42 | ||||||
The right to adequate housing in disaster relief efforts | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2011 | A/66/270 | ||||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2010 | A/65/261 | ||||||
Responsibilities of local and other subnational governments in relation to the right to adequate housing | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2015 | A/HRC/28/62 | ||||||
Homelessness as a global human rights crisis that demands an urgent global response | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2016 | A/HRC/31/54 | ||||||
Women and their right to adequate housing | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2012 | A/HRC/19/53 | ||||||
Mapping and framing security of tenure | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2013 | A/HRC/22/46 | ||||||
The right to life and the right to adequate housing: the indivisibility and interdependence between these rights | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2016 | A/71/310 | ||||||
Reflection on work undertaken in first 14 years of the mandate; outline of opportunities and priorities | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2014 | A/69/274 | ||||||
The impact of housing finance policies on the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2012 | A/67/286 | ||||||
Guiding Principles on security of tenure for the urban poor | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2014 | A/HRC/25/54 | ||||||
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities | Aug 19, 2019 | Document | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | 2017 | A/72/128 | ||||||
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 40 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | A variety of rental sub-markets exists, including rooms in inner city tenements, custom-built tenements, rooms in informal settlements, renting land and building rental units to let or building units in the backyard of dwellings. The trend is particularly noticeable in Latin America, where informal owners enlarge their homes to house tenants in order to rise their incomes. In Sub-Saharan Africa, taking in lodgers within the existing structure is common in several countries. The transformation of Government-built housing to include rental units is widespread in Northern Africa as well as Sub-Saharan Africa. In Asia, informal rental ranges from unlicensed high-rise buildings that accommodate migrant workers in the "urban villages" of China to rented plots in some Indian and Thai cities where tenants build their own shelter. Most of those options - ignored by regulations - offer very precarious conditions to tenants. |
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| 2013 | ||||
Women and their right to adequate housing 2012, para. 70 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | States should ensure that housing includes water points and sanitation facilities available for and accessible to women, ensuring women their rights to water and sanitation, as well as to health. States should also ensure that housing is adequately located in order to provide women with access to employment options, health-care services, schools, childcare centres and other social facilities, such that they are non-discriminatory, adequate, available and fully accessible to women and girls. |
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| 2012 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 31 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | Migrant workers often live in small private rented rooms or flats, properties arranged or provided by employers, slum dwellings, overcrowded houses of relatives and friends or sometimes social housing. They usually face discrimination and numerous obstacles in accessing private and public housing. Lack of information about housing alternatives and schemes, bureaucratic procedures, regulations in the housing sphere and tenants' rights often combine to make it difficult for migrants to pursue adequate housing even when national and local legislation does not prevent them from doing so. Moreover, on many occasions language constraints make these tasks harder or even impossible. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 67 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | The housing situation of children is directly connected to the status of their migrant parents. When parents, and especially migrant single mothers, have no access to employment, social benefits or other sources of livelihood in the host country, children may end up living in substandard conditions or being homeless alongside their parents. On many occasions, migrant women heads of families, sometimes in charge of several children, have had great difficulty in finding employment and caring for their children, finding reduced opportunities to provide adequate shelter and essential food. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 85 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | As part of social and cultural integration policies, States should involve migrants in decision-making processes and promote their active participation in public life through adequate representation and participation mechanisms. States should also inform migrants of their rights and duties in the country and promote their active exercise. Migrants are at a particular disadvantage as a result of lack of information. The need for appropriate housing information and advice to prevent housing exclusion and homelessness of migrants is essential, and States have the responsibility to provide it. They should ensure that information and advice on rights and duties relating to housing is available to migrants, including in their native languages. Furthermore, States should foster mutual understanding among local communities and ensure mutual respect for cultural diversity. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 77 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | In some cases, local governments have established programmes to assist low-income migrant families in paying their rents, obtaining a house or doing maintenance work on their residences and to give both documented and undocumented migrants access to social policies. As a result, migrant families have equal opportunities to enjoy adequate housing and living conditions. Since migrants often represent a significant proportion of the poor, non-restrictive policies addressed to the entire low-income population can have a real impact on the living conditions of migrants. In Spain, the municipalities of Salamanca and Valladolid provide financial assistance to low-income populations, including migrants, to rent their homes. Similarly, in Catalonia, the provincial immigration office, the Fundación Caixa Catalunya and a network of non-governmental organizations assist in the provision of housing for documented and undocumented migrants, as well as for asylum-seekers. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 58 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | In some cases, non-citizens are subject to double discrimination as both migrants and members of minority groups. During her missions, the Special Rapporteur has encountered numerous cases of migrants from minority groups who have been denied residency permits even though they have lived in the host country for decades or even generations. The lack of regularization obstructs their access to housing in private markets as well as housing assistance from local governments. The Special Rapporteur also received numerous complaints of forced eviction of migrants belonging to minority groups. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 22 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | Discrimination is often a precondition and by-product of the marginalization to which certain groups and individuals are subject and is the root of many inequalities in society. On many occasions migrants suffer multiple forms of discrimination on the basis of national origin, culture, religion or sex. The multiple layers of discrimination and exclusion faced by migrants affect their access to adequate housing. This marginalization is often a manifestation of larger forms of structural discrimination that extend through the institutional, cultural, social and economic fabric of society, adversely affecting the housing conditions and overall well-being of migrants. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 11 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | States are under an obligation to ensure non-discrimination and equal treatment to migrants in the enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to adequate housing. Moreover, the high degree of vulnerability that migrants experience as a mere consequence of their status requires the adoption of special measures to counter the cumulative negative effect of systemic marginalization and discrimination. Regrettably, many States have explicitly indicated that they do not wish to provide the same degree of protection to migrants as to their own citizens and even less to undocumented migrants. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 44 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | The segregation within the urban structure of the hosting territory is another dimension of migrant housing conditions: stereotyping, xenophobia and suspicion against migrants and the erection of barriers to keep them away from the local community foster the exclusion of migrants from the urban space. Segregation is also a consequence of insufficient access to social housing and services, which denies migrants access to fully serviced neighbourhoods, confining them to unserviced and unplanned areas with poor conditions and insufficient infrastructure and further fragmenting cities and fostering spatial clustering. Moreover, the need for undocumented migrants to remain invisible to authorities and the desire of all migrants to increase protection among members of each national community and to receive assistance from relatives and friends encourages ghettoized urban spaces. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 5 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | The growing number of international migrants can be considered a by-product of globalization. As a result of the declining cost of transportation, reduced barriers to trade and business and increased awareness of opportunities through the mass media and communications technologies, migration patterns have undergone a profound transformation in terms of intensification and geographical diversification. However, while international flows of capital and goods find few restrictions in the globalized world, a number of obstacles and requirements constrain international migration. In recent decades, the world has witnessed an increase in government-imposed barriers to movement, especially for low-skilled migrants. Restrictions on migration are found in regulations on entering or staying in a host or transit country and can both directly and indirectly affect a migrant's access to housing. Nonetheless, evidence has shown that while such policies are ineffective in reducing the number of migrants, they certainly contribute to their vulnerability. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 9 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | Migrants are particularly vulnerable to human rights violations, the enjoyment of housing being among the most endangered rights. The duties of migrants to the host State are equal to those of locals from the moment that they enter the host community, as they are bound by its laws. However, migrants do not enjoy equal rights and usually endure inferior conditions in every social sphere. Although several international instruments oblige States and other agents to ensure the right to adequate housing, migrants are frequently victims of discrimination in that respect. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 52 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | Because of the restrictions in access to housing in the private market and in public schemes, undocumented migrants live in overcrowded public or private dormitories or rented private houses, which are often in substandard condition and insufficiently equipped. Moreover, they are sometimes forced to live in squatter settlements and slums, given the lack of alternative affordable housing. Cases have also been reported of undocumented migrants sharing flats with many others, with the same beds being used according to the work schedule of individuals, with 5 or 10 beds allocated to one room. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 89 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | Discrimination and xenophobia affect the living conditions of migrants and their coexistence with the local community. They have thus been identified as key factors in the exclusion of migrants from adequate housing. States need to combat xenophobia and discrimination as a matter of urgency and ensure that no legislative or administrative acts reinforce discrimination against migrants with regard to their access to social or private housing. Moreover, States should take effective measures to ensure that housing agencies and private landlords refrain from engaging in discriminatory practices. |
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| 2010 | ||||
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 80 | Aug 19, 2019 | Paragraph | Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living | Non-negotiated soft law | Special Procedures' report | The way in which the status and rights of migrants are recognized determines their degree of integration in the country of destination. Legal and administrative restrictions imposed in the field of housing affect the living conditions of migrants and prevent them from living a dignified life, fully integrated into the community that hosts them. Patterns of discrimination and segregation are witnessed in cities across the world, where migrants are excluded from the essential structures and interactions that constitute urban life. Moreover, the present tendency towards migration is one of greater controls, physical barriers and the pursuit of migrants' invisibility. |
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